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1、高中英语语法学习之名词基础知识题库单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、 Some of his teammates complained that he showed a lack of to the team.A . commitmentB . appointmentC . engagementD . amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B. appointment约会；C. engagement订婚；D. amusement娱乐。此处指队友抱怨他没有为集体奉献服务， commi
2、tment符合句意。应选A。2、Export sales were up by 57% last year, so the company is confident of its further.A . downfallB . expansionC . supervisionD . investigation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此该公司对进一步扩张充满信心。A. downfall垮台, 衰败，下雨；B. expansion扩大，扩张；C. supervision监督；D. investigation调查。由语意可知，该公司去年 出口销售额增长了
3、 57%,因此对进一步扩张信心满满。应选B项。3、A person can be judged by the books he reads and the he keeps.A . scheduleB . measureC . performanceD . company答案：D解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以通过一个人所看的书和他交的朋友判断他是什么样的人。A. schedule工作计划,考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为将 对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力；B. effect影响；C. affection喜爱
4、；D. affect影响。根据句意可知, 行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。28、I am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good of direction.A . ideaB . feelingC . experienceD . sense答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信大卫能找到图书馆。他的方向感很好。A. idea想法；B. feeling感情；C. experience经历；D. sense感觉。结合后文of direction表示“方向感”短语为
5、a sense of directiono应选Do29、My teacher has given me lots of. They* re very useful.A . informationB . newsC . suggestionsD . advice答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师给了我很多建议。他们是非常有用的。A. information信息，不可数名词； B. news新闻，不可数名词；C suggestions建议，可数名词复数；D. advice建议，不可数名词。根据后文 They re可知，此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。应选C。
6、30、I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few daysat some time during his early adult life.A . blanketB . contestC . blessingD . outcome答案：C解析： 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将10是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子；B. contest比赛； C. blessing幸事；D. outco
7、me结果。根据句意结合生活常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。31、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A . magazinesB . photosC . phonesD . works解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B. photos照片； C phones ；D works作品。由后文u I miss you very much!可知,因为非常想念，所以此处表示寄一些 照片给我。应选Bo3
8、2、The little girl was the only in the strong earthquake. I think her was a real wonder.A . survive; survivalB . survive; survivorC . survival; survivorD . survivor; survival解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。A.survive 幸存，survival 幸存；B.survive 幸存，survivor 幸存者；C.survival 幸存，survivor 幸存者；D
9、.survivor 幸存者,survival幸存。根据句意可知，女孩是唯一的幸存者，第一空是“幸存者” survivor ；第二空处意为“她的幸 存”，第二空是名词“幸存 survivaL应选D。33、You can get a generalof our school.A . impressiveB . impressionC . impressD . impressed答案：B解析：考查名词和词性。句意：你可以对我们学校有个大致的印象。A.impressive令人印象深刻的；B.impression印象；11C.impress使留下深刻印象；D.impressed印象深刻的。general
10、是形容词，修饰名词，空格处是名词impression, 意为“印象”，前面有冠词a,空格处用单数，应选B。34、As a player, Lang Ping brought and glory to her country.A . injureB . improveC . honestD . honour答案：D解析：考查动词、名词、形容词词性和词义辨析。句意：作为一名运发动，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。A. injure伤害，动词；B. improve提高，动词；C. honest老实的，形容词；D. honour荣誉，名词或动词。分析 句子可知，空处与glory 一起作brought的
11、宾语，用名词；根据句意可知，郎平为国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。故 选D项。35、 The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A . hurricaneB . castleC . petrolD . calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C. petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。36、请选出与单词“resource”匹配的释义。A .材料B .解释C.资源D.知识答案：C解析：考查词汇意思。
12、resource意思是资源，应选Co1237、 Mr. Moses was once the head of World Architectural Association(WAA), yet he is now nothing more than aA . retired anthropologistB . retiring anthropologyC . retired architectD . retiring architecture答案：C解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：摩西先生曾是世界建筑协会(WAA)的主席，但他现在只不过是一个退休的 建筑师。表示“退休的”应用过去分词转换
13、的形容词retired ； architect “建筑师”，architecture “建筑”，根 据上文 the head of World Architectural Association 可知，此处是指一个建筑师，应用 architect 表达，retired architect “退休建筑师”。应选Co38、Sandra Oh, actress of Killing Eve , has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a GoldenGlobe Award.A . distinctionB . discriminationC
14、. descriptionD . determination答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓(Sandra Oh)是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉,勋章；B. discrimination 区别，歧视；C. description 描述，描写；D. determination 决心，果 断。这是一个Award (奖项)，她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，故 选Ao39、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his fath
15、er.A . campaignB . cautionC . confidenceD . collection答案：C13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动；B. caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文 “Tom always turns to his father for help 可知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示“对某人有信心”。应选C。40、Mr. Brown thought it would be a
16、 good idea to have from his workers to improve his plan.A . summariesB . admissionsC . commentsD . connections答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结；B. admissions 准许进入；C. comments 意见,评论；D. connections 连接。根据from his workers to improve his plan/1可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划。应选C。41、The
17、stronger the is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.A . motivationB . contributionC . pressureD . possibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个人学习外语的动力越强，他就会学得越快。A. motivation动力；B. contribution 贡献；C. pressure 压力；D. possibility 可能性。根据后文 “the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language
18、可知，此处指学习外语的动力越强，就学得越快，应用motivation。应选A。42、 Organize all the information you have collected according to your.A . outcomeB . outgoingC . outlineD . output答案：C 解析:14 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据你的提纲要点组织你收集到的所有信息。A. outcome结果；B. outgoing外出； C. outline提纲，概要；D. output输出。根据句意可知，根据提纲概要，组织所有信息，逻辑合理。应选C项。43、It is clear th
19、at in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A . motivationsB . expectationsC . opportunitiesD . achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations 期望；C. opportunities 机会；D . achievements 成就。根据 u demands可知，现代社会对学 生有很高的期望和要求。应选B项。44、Here is a memo for
20、your when you answer the phones.A . consultantB . recommendationC . recognitionD . reference答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐；C. recognition识别；D. reference参考。根据上文Here is a memo for your”指将备忘录作为接 的 参考，应用reference。应选Do45、I bought the dress for only fifty yuan at
21、the sales.Really ? It was a real. How I wish I would have such a good chance!A . goalB . bargainC . exchangeD . business答案：B解析：15 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在减价时只花了五十元买了这件衣服。真的？真划算。我多么希望我有 这样一个好机会！ A. goal目标；B. bargain廉价货；C. exchange交换；D. business生意。根据后文uHow I wish I would have such a good chance!可知回答者认为这件衣服很划算，短
22、语a real bargain ”合算的交易”。 应选Bo46、His rude behavior was really a, which made his friends embarrassed.A virtueB . visionC . leisureD . disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B.vision 视力,视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸。根据空后which made his friends embarrassed 可知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此
23、可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。47、Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A . admissionB . distinctionC . boundaryD . approval答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取；B.distinction 区别；C.boundary 边界；D.approval 批准。由 “Credits （学分）in
24、Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students可知，句子表示“大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的 大学”，因此空格处是“录取，进入”，应选A。48、My parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A . effect; effortB . effort; effect16C . creativity; punishmentD . punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。
25、句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响；努力；B. effort; effect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 仓U造力；惩罚；D. punishment; creativity 惩 罚；创造力。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.,意为“对有影响；对起作用，产生效 果”。make efforts t。d。sth.意为“竭尽全力做某事”句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。49、I like reading poems, because po
26、ems can certain.A . convey; emotionB . convey; emotionsC . express; emotionsD . explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为“传递；传达”和“情感；情绪”。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空 格根据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。50、To get the job, the had to make a short video sho
27、wing how much they knew about the Great BarrierReef.A . operatorsB . candidatesC . conservationistD . manager答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到这份工作，应试者必须制作一个简短的视频，展示他们对大堡礁了解多少。A. operators操作人员；B. candidates候选人,应试者；C. conservationist自然环境保护主义者；D. manager 经理。根据前文“To get the job”可知，此处指“应试者”。应选B项。1751、 Xingyi is on
28、e of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A . citiesB . cityC . snackD . snacks答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city :城市；snack :小吃。根据one of +名词复数, 排除B, C,再由句意选择A。52、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A . regardB . attitudeC . establishmen
29、tD . wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据 Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。53、This morning, Jenny was praised by our English teacher because of her good in the Englishcompetition.A
30、 . performB . performingC . performedD . performance答案：D解析：考查名词词性转换。句意：今天早晨，詹妮被英语老师表扬了，因为她在这次英语竞赛中的良好表现。分析可 知空格处是名词作宾语，指英语竞赛中的良好表现，故应用名词performance,此处为不可数名词。应选D项。54、Zhanguimeis selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love18her.A . faultB . complexityC . dev
31、otionD . agony答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A. fault过错；B. complexity难题；C. devotion奉献；D. agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的“selfless（无私的）”可知， “devotion（奉献）”符合句意。应选C。55、The offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.A . disasterB . pathC . brochureD . personality答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析
32、。句意：这本宣传手册提供了多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息。A. disaster灾难；B. path 道路；C. brochure 小册子；宣传手册；D. personality 性格。由下文 “offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes.可知，宣传手册能提供多种多样的酒店、公寓和度假别墅的信息，应选C。56、We have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is betweenA . Mary s and Helen* sB . Mary and He
33、len* sC . Mary and HelenD . Mary1 s and Helen答案：A解析：考查名词所有格。句意：目前，我们已经搬进了一个三居的公寓。我们的房间就在Mary和Helen的中间。根 据前句a three-room flat （三居的公寓），可知有三间卧室，我们和Mary以及Helen每人一间卧室，所以我 们的房子才能在她们俩人的之间（between）。A项表示Mary和Helen分别有一间卧室。应选A项。19 日程安排，时刻表；B. measure尺度，判断，度量单位；C. performance表演，表现，业绩，性能；D.company在一起的一群人。根据句子结构和
34、句意可知，这里考查keep company与某人为伍，和某人交朋友的 意思。“he keeps”是做先行词“the company”的定语从句，“company”在定语从句中做宾语，指代人， 关系代词that/whom可以省略。应选D项。4、Mr. Green is a good. He is kind to his workers.A . employB . employeeC . employerD . employment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林先生是个好雇主。他对工人很好。A. employ雇用，既可以用作动词也可以用 作名词;B. employee雇员,职工；C.
35、employer老板；D. employment雇用，职业。根据空后“He is kind to his workers.可知，空处需用名词employer,表示格林先生是好雇主，对工人好。应选C。5、The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A . broadcastB . strategyC . contributionD . neighborhood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略； C.contribution贡献；D.neighbor
36、hood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选 Do6、A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the week s events.A . antiqueB . durationC . highlightD . scenery答案：C57、 The organization has grown enormously since its in 1955.A . libertyB . divisionC . appointmentD . foundation答案：D解析：
37、考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。A.liberty自由；B. division分开、分配； C.appointment 约定；D.foundation 建立。根据上文 “The organization has grown enormously（这个组织开展迅 速）”可知，该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。应选D。58、I hold a firm that the visiting team （客队）will lose.A . dietB . strengthC . beliefD . award答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意:我坚信客队会输。A.diet饮食；
38、B.strength强度；C.belief信念；D.award奖励。分析句 子可知，根据that the visiting team （客队）will lose可知此处表示“信念、相信”，应选C项。小提示：59、 Before liberation the laboring people had no to education.A . accessB . approachC . entranceD . admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：解放前，劳动人民没有受教育的机会。A. access使用机会，通路；B. approach方 法，途径；C entrance入口； D.
39、admission准许进入。结合句意表达“有接触的机会，可以接触“用have access too 应选 A。2060、The number of the people using Huawei is getting larger and largerA . culturesB . customersC . historiesD . products答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：使用华为产品的人数越来越多。A. cultures文化；B. customers客户；C. histories 历史；D. products产品。根据the people using Huawei及常识可知，此
40、处指华为产品。应选D。61、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A . argumentB . resourceC . performanceD . authority答案:A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理由；B.resource资 源；C. performance表演；D. authority当权者。根据for doing nothing.n可知,不知道未来会发生什么并不 是什么都不做的理由。应选A项。小提示：62、
41、 During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Paul s Cathedral built many years ago.A . impressionB . panicC . resourceD . impact答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象；B. panic 恐慌；C. resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中 “the trip to London和St.Paus Cathedral”可知，句中陈述
42、的是“圣保罗大教堂”是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，“impression”意为“印象”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。2163、His naturaland wisdom made him very popular among the colleagues.A . charityB . chainC . charmD . chart答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。A.charity慈善机构；B.chain链条；C.charm魅力；D. chart图表。根据“wisdom”可知，他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。应选C项。64、 Ou
43、r main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.A . routeB . concernC . shelterD . schedule考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们目前的主要任务是，为受灾地区的幸存者提供庇护所。A.route路线;B.concern 关心；C.shelter 避难所,住所；D.schedule 时间表。根据句中 for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas可知，此处指给受灾地区的幸存者提供住所。应选C。65、ens
44、ures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.A . Virtual realityB . Wearable techC . Field researchD . Natural selection答案：D解析：考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：自然选择确保只有适者生存，将基因传给下一代。A. Virtual reality虚拟现实；B. Wearable tech可穿戴技术；C. Field research实地研究；D. Natural selection自然选择。根据后文句意可知, 自然选择
45、确定了适者生存的丛林法那么。应选D项。2266、Our class held a fierce as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.A . bargainB . contestC . debateD . campaign答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们班就是否减少家庭作业进行了激烈的辩论。A. bargain减价品，廉价货；B.contest比赛，竞赛；C.debate辩论,讨论；D. campaign（有计划的）活动,运动。根据主语为“Our class（我们 班）”以及后文“whether to reduce
46、 the amount of homework or not（是否要减少作业量）”可知，此处应是一场 班级内部的辩论。应选C项。67、 Its a pity that her suggestion met with.A . rejectionB . expectationC . distinctionD . cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：太遗憾了，她的建议遭到反对。A.rejection反对;B.expectation期待；C.distinction差异；D.cooperation合作。根据Its a pity that ”可知建议遭到反对。应选A。68、 We
47、all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every camper* s.A . experimentB . entertainmentC . equipmentD . settlement答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道一个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。A.experiment实验；B.entertainment娱乐；C.equipment装备；D.settlement定居点。睡袋对露营者来说是一件装备，因此空格处 是 equipment, 应选 Co69、The top leaders of the
48、two countries are holding talks in a friendly.23A . atmosphereB . adventureC . astronomyD . agriculture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个国家的领导人在友好的气氛中进行了会谈。A. atmosphere气氛；B. adventure 冒险；C astronomy天文学；D. agriculture农业。在句中构建的情境下，显然只有用atmosphere表示“（友 好的）气氛”是合理的。应选A项。70、Please mind your in public.A . behaviorB . reflectionC . creativityD . sculpture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共场合请注意你的举止。A. behavior行为，举止；B. reflection深思；C.creativity创造力；D. sculpture