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1、-北师大版高一英语必修一U2知识点-第 5 页北师大版高一英语必修一第二单元1. calm adj. 镇定的,沉着的;无风的,无浪的(指天气或海洋)calm sb. / sth. down 2. generous adj. 慷慨的,大方的;大量的,丰富的3. character n. 人物;性质;特色;性格;汉字4. atmosphere n. 大气(层);气氛5. let out 释放,让出来;发出(叫声)6. millions of 数百万 thousands of 数以千计 hundreds of 数以百计的dozens of 许多 scores of 许多7. 冠词/指示代词/不定代词
2、/物主代词+序数词/基数词+一般描述性形容词+大小/长短/形状+年龄/新旧+颜色+国籍/出处+材料+用途/类别+最终修饰的名词口诀:美小圆旧黄,法国木书房。8. lift off 意为“(飞机等)起飞,(宇宙飞船)升空,发射”,是不及物动词短语。9. 过去分词作定语的用法时态/语态特点;及物动词的过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成;不及物动词的过去分词指表示动作已完成。10. 现在分词作定语的用法;时态/语态特点;可表示主动和动作正在进行/状态的持续;若表示被动和动作正在进行,则要用being done的形式;having done 不作定语。11. 当句子的主语时不定式动作的发出者时,不定式同其
3、所修饰的名词虽有动宾关系,但要用主动形式表示被动含义。12. with 的复合结构with + 名词/代词+名词with +名词/代词+介词短语with +名词/代词+形容词/副词with +名词/代词+现在分词(可表示主动和动作正在进行)with +名词/代词+过去分词(可表示被动和动作以完成)with + 名词/代词+不定式(表示动作将要发生)13. when=at that time 这时,在那时(表示动作发生的突然性)14. in ones opinion 在某人看来personally(就自己而言,就我个人而言), as far as I am concerned (在我看来)15.
4、 be equal to 与相等/平等be equal to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事16. struggle to do sth. 努力去做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来struggle against 与作斗争struggle for 为(争取)而斗争/奋斗struggle with 与作斗争,和搏斗17. judge v. 判断,断定;估计,评价judging from/by 根据判断18. be content to do sth. 对(做) 满意be content with sth. 19. skill n. 技术,技能,技巧skill
5、ed adj. 有技能的,熟练的;需要特殊技能的be skilled in 熟悉/擅长20. used adj. 习惯的,使用过的 useful adj. 有用的,有益的uselessness n. 无用,无效21. compete with/against sb. (for sth. ) (为)与某人竞争compete in 参加(比赛/竞赛)compete to do sth. 竞相做某事competitor n. 参赛者;竞争者;选手competition n. 竞赛;比赛competitive adj. 竞争的;有竞争力的22. be keen on sb./sth./doing st
6、h. be keen to do sth. 热心做某事23. be amazed at 对感到惊讶be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶amazing adj. amazement n. 惊愕,惊异in amazement 惊讶地to ones amazement 使某人感到惊讶的是24. event 重大事件;比赛项目incident 不寻常的活令人不快的事;暴力事件,严重事件,(两国之间的)冲突matter 着重指需要考虑的或需要处理的事情affair 公共事务,政治事务(多用复数形式);私事,个人的事25. look back 回顾,追忆look back on sth
7、. 回首(往事);回忆,回顾26. express an interest in(=show an interest in) 表示对的兴趣come to an end 结束;破灭27. on ones own 单独地,独自地28. promote vt. 促进;推动;提升,晋升;促进29. injure 一般指由于意外或事故受伤hurt 普通用词,既可以肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上的伤害。wound 指枪伤,刀伤,刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的,严重的伤,尤指在战场上受伤。damage 主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值,用途,外观等所造成的损失,这种损失或由自然灾害所致,或由人为造成。30. give
8、 in 投降,屈服 give away赠送;泄露;颁发 give off 放出,发出 give out发出;用完 give back 归还31. pull through 恢复健康;度过难关 pull down 拆毁,拆掉 pull in(火车)进站,到达 pull out (火车)离站 pull up (使)停下,拔起32. commit murder commit a crime commit suicide commit sb. /oneself to (doing/do) sth. 承认某人(做)某事commitment n. 33. get on= get along 相处;进展ge
9、t on with sb. get on with sth. get away 休假;离开;摆脱 get away with偷携某物潜逃 get down to开始做;开始认真对峙 get across 被传达,被理解 get out of摆脱;戒掉 get off 离开 get over 从中恢复常态;克服get around 四处走动;(消息,谣言等)传播 get up 起来,起身;打扮成,装扮成34. react to sb./sth. 对某人/事作出反应35. be/get involved in/with 参加,参与;卷入,涉及36. be confident about 对有信心b
10、e confident of (=be sure of )对有把握be confident that 确信37. come off it 别胡扯come off 还可以表示“从掉下(落下);脱落”之意38. cant bear doing sth. /to do sth. 不能忍受做某事39. manage to do sth. 设法做某事40. be famous as be famous for be famous to41. separatefrom(将两个不同的整体分割开来)divide into(将整体分为部分)42. fight “战争”,指战争的动作。还有打架,搏斗的意思。str
11、uggle 指较长时期的,激烈的斗争,往往指肉体,精神上的战争。war, 指全面战争,包含多次。battle “战役”,指大的,连续数小时或数天的战争。43. in prison 在服役in the prison 在监狱里44. 语法:(1) 现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果He has already turned off the light. 表示一个动作从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并有可能延续下去Tim has worked here for over twenty years.某些非延续性动词与since连用,表示重复的动作或状态。We have gon
12、e fishing four times since last summer. 有些非延续性动词与For连用,用在否定结构中He has never troubled beer for a whole week. 在时间,条件壮语从句中,代替将来完成时If he has gone to bed, tell him to ring me. 在it/this is (will be) the first (last, second) time that 的从句中It is the last time that weve heard her sing. 在It (This) is the best
13、(worst) +名词+that的从句中It is the best novel Ive ever read. (2) 过去完成时表示在过去某个动作之前已经发生,完成的动作过情况。By the end of last month they had treated 3,000patient. 表示一个动作从过去某时之前开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,并可能继续下去By six oclock they had worked for twelve hours.过去未曾实现的希望,打算或意图,表示“本来(希望,打算)”We had hoped you would be able to visit us.用在no soonerthan 等结构中的主句里,表示“刚刚就”She had scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.在It (This)was the first(second)time that的从句中It was the first time that he had lost to her. 在than引导的比较级状语从句中,常用于过去完成时The result was better than we had expected.