动词分类及动词短语.ppt

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1、关于动词分类及动词短语现在学习的是第1页，共46页考点直击1助动词助动词 协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。助动词是语法功能词，自身没有词义，不可单独使用。1帮助构成疑问句或否定句句式的助动词有do, does, did 及 其否定形式。如： Did you go home last week? 上周你回家了吗？2帮助构成时态的助动词有be, have, shall, will等。如： We are playing an interesting game. 我们正在玩一个有趣的游戏。现在学习的是第2页，共46页2系动词系动词 系动词亦称连系动词。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必

2、须跟表语，构成系表结构。具体分类及用法如下：1状态系动词： 只有be动词。如： They are always very happy. 他们总是很高兴。2持续系动词： 表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主 要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如： I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你会一直保持健康。现在学习的是第3页，共46页3表象系动词： 表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。如： My mother seems very satisfied with my progress. 妈妈对我的进步似乎很满意。

3、4感官系动词： 表示“起来”，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉), smell(闻起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来，吃起来)等。 如： The dish smells delicious. 菜闻起来很香。现在学习的是第4页，共46页5变化系动词： 表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。如： The small town is becoming busier and busier. 小镇变得越来越忙碌。6终止系动词： 主要有prove, turn out(结果是，证明是)等。 如： My plan t

4、urned out a success. 我的计划成功了。 提醒提醒有些系动词也是实义动词，可单独作谓语。如： He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。 现在学习的是第5页，共46页3情态动词情态动词 情态动词表示说话人的语气、情态，无人称和数的变化。情态动词有自己的词汇意思，但不能独立作谓语，其后须跟动词原形。使用频率较高的情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, need, shall(should), will(would)及半情态动词have to, had better。现在学习的是第6页，共46页1can和could (1)can(co

5、uld)表示说话人能、可以、同意、准许，以及客 观条件允许做某事。could为can的过去式。表示请求 时，could比can更委婉。如： Could I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的钢笔吗？ (2)can 意为“能、会”时，相当于be able to (适用于各种时 态)，can只有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。如： A few months later, Ill be able to swim alone. 几个月后，我将能单独游泳。 (3)cant表示否定推测。如： That cant be Mr Wang. He has gone to Beijing. 那肯定不是王老

6、师。他已经去北京了。现在学习的是第7页，共46页2may和might may和might意为“可以”，表示说话人同意、许可或请 求对方许可。 may也可表示祝愿。might 是may 的过 去式，表示可能性更小、语气更加委婉。如： May I take some photos here? 我可以在这儿拍照吗？ May you be happy.祝你开心。现在学习的是第8页，共46页3must和have to (1)must 意为“必须，应该，一定，准是”，表示说话人认为 有必要做某事，或命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的肯 定推测。如： He must be working in his off

7、ice. 他一定在办公室工作。 (2)must 和 have to 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观意 愿；have to 表示客观需要。如： I must do my homework first. 我必须首先做家庭作业。 It is raining hard outside. I have to stay at home. 外面雨下得很大。我不得不待在家里。现在学习的是第9页，共46页4need的用法 need 表示“需要，必须”。它主要用于否定句和疑问句中， 否定形式为neednt，表示“没有必要，不必”；回答need引 导的问句时，肯定回答用“must”，否定回答用 “neednt

8、”。 此外need还可以作实义动词使用。如： Need we do some cleaning now? No, you neednt. “我们必须现在大扫除吗？”“不，你们不必。” I need to see the doctor now. 我现在需要看医生。现在学习的是第10页，共46页5shall 和will shall用于第一人称的句子表示提建议或请求；will用于第二 人称疑问句表示征求意见或提建议。如： Shall we go out for a walk? 我们出去散步好吗？ Will you go shopping with us? 你会和我们一起去购物吗？ 现在学习的是第11

9、页，共46页6should和would should用于各种人称的句子中，强调义务或责任；would是 will的过去式，其后跟动词原形构成过去将来时，可用于多 种人称，表示意愿。如： You should study harder. 你应该更加努力学习。 He said he would visit the Great Wall the next year. 他说他第三年将游览长城。7had better had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后接不带to的不 定式。如： You had better exercise more. 你最好多锻炼。现在学习的是第12页，共46页4动

10、词短语动词短语 动词与介词、副词等构成的固定短语叫动词短语。动词短语主要有四类：1动词副词： 常见的有give up, think over, take off, write down, put off等。这些词组的宾语是名词时，既可放在副 词前边，又可放在副词后边；宾语是人称代词或反身代词 时，则要放在动词和副词中间。如： They have decided to put off the meeting. They have decided to put the meeting off. 他们已经决定推迟会议了。 Smoking is bad for your health. You mus

11、t give it up. 吸烟对你的健康有害。你必须戒掉它。现在学习的是第13页，共46页2动词介词： 常见的有ask for, care about, look for, look after, send for, laugh at, hear of (from)等。如： We shouldnt laugh at others. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。3动词副词介词： 常见的有look down upon, get on with, catch up with等。如： If you study hard, youll catch up with your classmates. 如果你努力学

12、习， 你将能赶上你的同班同学。4动词名词介词： 常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。如： Please pay more attention to details. 请多注意细节。现在学习的是第14页，共46页考点过关 基础过关基础过关 ()1. The cloth _very soft and comfortable. A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds()2. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefe

13、r to order what _ nice. A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastesC C现在学习的是第15页，共46页()3. Dick，_ I use your e-dictionary? Yes, please._ you give it to Mike after you use it? A. will; Would B. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should()4. I think her dress comes from the 1970s. It _ be from that time. It l

14、ooks so modern on her. A. mustnt Bcant C. wont DwouldntC B 现在学习的是第16页，共46页()5. Must I do my homework now, Mum? _. You can do it tomorrow. A. No, you neednt B. No, you mustnt C. Yes, you need D. Yes, you must()6. Rock music may _ nice to young people, but most old people cant stand it. A. hear B. sou

15、nd C. look D. listenA B 解析解析根据上句“妈妈，我现在必须做作业吗？”及答句“_你可以明天做。”推断是否定答句，排除C、D项； must的否定回答有三种：dont have to, neednt和mustnt。neednt和dont have to均意为“不必”；mustnt意为“千万不能；禁止”。故选A。现在学习的是第17页，共46页()7. Dont forget to take your bag when you _ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off()8. Her sister_ a t

16、axi driver. Now she works for a charity. A. is used to be B. were used to being C. is used to being Dused to beA D 解析解析 get off意为“下(车)”； take off意为“脱下”；turn off意为“关上”；put off意为“推迟”。句意：当你下车时不要忘记带上你的包。故选A。现在学习的是第18页，共46页()9. What do you think of my shirt? It _ cotton. It looks nice on you. A. is made

17、in B. is made for C. is made of D. is made by()10. Allen, your bedroom is in a mess. Sorry, Mum. Ill _my things at once. A. put on B. put away C. put out D. put upC B解析解析 put on意为“穿上”；put away意为“收起来”；put out意为“熄灭”；put up意为“张贴，搭建”。 现在学习的是第19页，共46页中考透视中考透视 ()1. 2013宿迁宿迁 Were you sick after six hours j

18、ourney on the coach? Of course. I _ quickly as soon as it stopped. A. got up B. got on C. got off D. got to()2. 2013徐州徐州 If you _ your name on the paper, you can get a magazine. A. cut down B. look down C. turn down D. write downC D 现在学习的是第20页，共46页()3. 2013徐州徐州 Can I borrow your ruler，please? Yes, y

19、ou_. But you must return it to me before lunchtime. A. have B. can C. must D. used to()4. 2013宿迁宿迁 The cake_ delicious. I cant wait to eat it. A. feels B. sounds C. becomes D. smells()5. 2013菏泽菏泽 Can we run across the road now? No, we_. We have to wait until the light turns green. A. neednt B. mustn

20、t Ccouldnt D. shouldntBDB现在学习的是第21页，共46页()6. 2013丽水丽水 How many English words do you think I should know? As many as you _. Then you will find reading quite easy. A. will B. must C. can Dmight()7. 2013泰安泰安 May I smoke here? No, you_. This is a no-smoking room. A. neednt B. mustnt C. couldnt D. wouldn

21、t CB现在学习的是第22页，共46页()8. 2013青岛青岛 There arent many tickets left for the concert, youd better_ that you get one today. A. make sure of B. make a decision C. make sure D. make plansC解析解析 make sure of意为“确定，确保”，后面一般跟名词或者动名词词组； make sure意为“确保，务必”，可以跟从句； make a decision意为“做决定”； make plans意为“做计划”。句意：这场音乐会剩下

22、的票不多了，你最好确保今天能订到一张票。所以选C。 现在学习的是第23页，共46页()1. The food here smells good, but what does it _ like? Ataste Btouch Cseem Dfeel()2. Mum, when can I go out to play football? Finish your homework first, or I _let you go out. Adont Bdidnt Cwont DhaventA 语法专练 C 现在学习的是第24页，共46页()3. The sense of happiness wil

23、l increase if you _ what you like to do. Ado Bdid Cwill do Dshould do()4. Spring is a beautiful season when all trees _ green. Aturn Bsound Cfeel DbecomeAA解析解析 if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。因此选A。 现在学习的是第25页，共46页()5. Its cold outside. Why not _ your coat? Aput on Btake off Clook for

24、D. put off ()6. The young man broke his arm in the accident and had to _ his job. Agive up Bput up Ccut up D. pick up()7. What do you think about Hans? He is very difficult to _ with, but certainly he has a warm heart under cool appearance (外表) Aget on Bget in Cget off D. get outAA A 现在学习的是第26页，共46页

25、()8. 2013济南济南 Could I_ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are. Alend Bkeep Cborrow Dreturn()9. Could you please help me _ the TV? I want to watch the CCTV News. Aturn down Bturn on Cturn off Dturn up()10. What are you going to do during your vacation? Im not sure.I have no time to _ it at the mom

26、ent. Aworry about Bthink about Cget over Dcome overC B B 现在学习的是第27页，共46页()11. This book _educating teenagers. Would you like to buy it? Yes, Ill take it. Aaims at Btakes place Cgives out Dsets up()12. Please _ these books, Jodie. I want to use the desk to do my homework. Atake away Bgive away Cgo aw

27、ay Dkeep awayA A 现在学习的是第28页，共46页()13. Im not sure how to pronounce this word. Youd better _ its right pronunciation in the dictionary. Alook after Blook down Clook up Dlook out()14. Bill doesnt like the sunglasses in the ad because they cant _ the sun well. Atake out Bkeep out Cclean out Dlook outCB

28、 现在学习的是第29页，共46页()15. He _ some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris. Amade out Bpicked up Cgave up Dtook in()16. Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much. If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _ to three fifty. Acome down Btake down Cturn over Dgo overBA现在学习的是第30页，共

29、46页()17. The sweater is very nice. Ill take it. But youd better _ first. I think it is a little large for you. Apay for it Bput it on Cput it off Dtry it on()18. Jack has never visited the Forbidden City, but he has _ it. Astood for Bbelonged to Cheard about Dkept toD 解析解析 pay for意为“付款”； put on意为“穿上

30、”； put off意为“推迟”； try on意为“试穿”。由答语“我认为你穿有点大。”可知应选D。C 现在学习的是第31页，共46页()19. 2013台州台州 Would you mind _ the music a little? Dont you think its too loud? Sorry! Ill do it in a minute. Aturning on Bturning off Cturning up Dturning down()20. Im not sure whether I can hold a party in the open air, because i

31、t _ the weather. Astands for Bdepends on Clives on Dagrees withDB现在学习的是第32页，共46页()21. _， you guys! You dont want to miss the train, do you? ALook up BGive up CHurry up DGrow up()22. Its said that aliens tried to warn the astronauts on the moon to _ . Maybe they didnt like human beings to get close t

32、o them. Astay up Bstay out Cstay away Dstay behindC C 解析解析 look up意为“查询”；give up意为“放弃”；hurry up意为“快点”；grow up意为“长大”。由后半句“你们不想错过火车。”可知是让他们快点。 现在学习的是第33页，共46页()23. Mary heard somebody call her, so she turned _ to see who it was. Aoff Bout Cup Daround()24. Han Han is a popular writer. His new book will

33、 _ this September. Acome up Bcome in Ccome out Dcome on()25. 2013泸州泸州 Can you help me to _ my dog when I leave for Hong Kong? Alook after Blook for Clook at Dlook throughD CA现在学习的是第34页，共46页()26. All the oil in the world will _ some day. Yeah. What shall we use for power at that time? Agiven away Bpu

34、t away Crun out Dset out()27. 2013黄石黄石 Many students in our school _ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses. Aworry about Bcare for Cagree with Dtake careC B现在学习的是第35页，共46页()28. Could I _ your digital camera again? No problem. But I think youd better go to the store to buy _ sin

35、ce you often go traveling. Alend; one Blend; it Cborrow; one Dborrow; it ()29. Will the hotel _ free breakfast _ the guests? Aprovide; with Bprovide; to Coffer; with Doffer; to C D 现在学习的是第36页，共46页()30. How is peoples life in the earthquake areas? They are living a much better life than we _. Asugges

36、ted Bexpected Cnoticed Dsupported()31. Sorry! I have to go back at once because I have _ my homework in my bedroom. Aforgotten Bfetched Cleft Dtaken()32. Taiwan is part of China. We _ the same history and culture. Aexplain Bexpress Cconnect DshareBCD现在学习的是第37页，共46页()33. 2013聊城聊城 If you want to buy t

37、his dress, youd better _ first to make sure it fits you. Apay for it Btake it off Ctidy it up Dtry it on()34. My uncle _ be tired. He has been running for a long time. But my aunt _ be tired. She has just begun to run. Amay not; must Bmust; cant Ccant; must Dmust; may notD B解析解析 must表推测时，语气最强烈，意为“肯定

38、、一定”；cant表示否定的推测，意为“一定不(是)”。 现在学习的是第38页，共46页()35. _ you sing English songs when you were 5 years old? ACan BNeed CCould DMay()36. His brother _ play computer games because it doesnt work. Amay not Bcant Cmustnt Dneednt()37. 2013黄冈黄冈 How heavily it is raining! What a pity! We have to _ our sports mee

39、ting. Aput off Bput out Cput on Dput upCBA现在学习的是第39页，共46页()38. _ I take some photos here? No, you _ AMay; mustnt BMust; mustnt CMay; neednt DCould; wont()39. I _ stop playing computer games because of my poor eyesight. Amust Bcant Chave to DmustntAC解析解析用may提问时，否定回答用mustnt。 现在学习的是第40页，共46页()40. 2013呼

40、和浩特呼和浩特 When you visit a museum you should _ the instructions and dont be against them. Acompare with Blook forward to Cpay attention to Dtry out()41. Look! How hard the snow is! Youd better _ Astay here when it stops Bnot leave until it stops Cnot to leave at once Ddont go home nowC解析解析 had better

41、not do sth意为“最好不要做某事”。 B现在学习的是第41页，共46页()42. 2013鞍山鞍山 She hurriedly _ the child and took him downstairs. Aput on Bwore Cdressed Dhad on()43. Will you please help me to repair the computer now? Sorry. Im too busy and I dont have a minute to _. Aspare Bshare Cspend DsaveCA解析解析根据sorry可猜测答语意为“很抱歉，我太忙了，连

42、一分钟的时间都腾不出来。”spare意为“抽出； 腾出”。 现在学习的是第42页，共46页()44. Paul, what do you think of the iPhone 4s? I really like it, but I cant _ it. Astand Bafford Cspend Drefuse()45. The government has _ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China. Ataken up Bput up Cpicked up Dset upBD现在

43、学习的是第43页，共46页()46. These photos are very valuable because they can _ me _ the life living in the countryside. Athink; of Bremind; of Clet; down Dwake; up()47. Anyone who dances well can _ the school dancing club. Atake part in Btake off Ctake out Dtake care ofBA现在学习的是第44页，共46页()48. Why is Toms father so happy? Because only three students _， _ his son Harvey. Afailed the exam; besides Bmade progress; except Cmade progress; including Dpassed the exam; withoutC现在学习的是第45页，共46页感谢大家观看2022-8-23现在学习的是第46页，共46页