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1、一般现在时1定义表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态。理解：1.时间：指动作发生在“现在”的时间段内。那么，多长的时间才叫“现在”呢？一个月？一年？10年、100年？这就要根据动作的性质来定了。“现在”这个概念可短可长，只要在目前这个动作是经常发生的就行。2.状态：一般现在时最容易迷惑的一个问题，就是拿不准什么叫“经常发生的动作或存在的状态”？这个问题要分三层来讲。一是“经常发生的动作”，比如每天起床、吃饭、上学，一个星期去几趟超市或新华书店等。这些事件中，有的是有规律的，有的是偶尔做几次。这些都算经常发生的事件。我们要告诉人们的，是这个动作经常发生，
2、是一般的情况而不是具体的某一次。二是事物存在的状态。比如墙上挂着一张地图、他最近看上去很精神、小王是个男孩等等。这些都是一些长期存在的状态。三是有些动作或状态是永恒的，比如长江向东流、地球绕着太阳转，比如谚语中举的事例、文学作品中描绘的事例，像“好马不吃回头草”等等。这些动作已经无所谓过去、现在、将来了，所以都算作现在一般时内。2基本结构A如果谓语动词是实义动词的结构肯定式疑问式否定式否定疑问式I work.Do I work?I do not work.Do I not work?You work.Do you work?You do not work.Do you not work?We
3、work.Do we work?We do not work.Do we not work?They work.Do they work?They do not work.Do they not work?He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) does not work.Does he(she,it) not work?B如果谓语动词是助动词的结构主语+助动词+动词原形+其他疑问句型1.对于谓语动词或助动词是 be、have、can/may/must 等，将这些词移到主语前面。 Are you students？Yes, we are
4、. / No, we arent. Is Jane in the classroom? Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. Does the house have two rooms? Yes,it does / No, it doesnt. Is there any water in the glass? Yes, there is. / No, there isnt. Can you swim? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 2.谓语动词是实义动词，方法是在主语前加助动词do或does构成，句中动词要改用原型动词。do 用于第一人称和名词复数，doe
5、s 用于第三人称单数和名词单数或不可数名词。 Do you know it？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. Does she have a pen？Yes, she does. / No, she hasnt.have 这里是实义动词 Do they play basketball after school? Yes, they do. / No, they dont.否定句型1.谓语动词或助动词是 be、have、can/may/must 等，在将助动词后加not. I am not at college. Mr. Wang isnt 50 years old. The J
6、acksons doesnt have two sons. You may not go now. 2.谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加do not 或does not，谓语动词改用动词原型。 I dont have luch at home. They dont play basketball on the sports ground. Mr.Jimmy doesnt know French.3表达方法主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。现在一般时动词变化的规则是： A 实义动词1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、 we ，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍
7、然用动词原型表示： We usually go to school at 7:30. 我们通常7:30上学去。go My parents give ten yuan to my sister every week.我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。give 2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数，谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点：不可数名词也算作单数处理。 谓语动词是实义动词的变化规律是：情况构成方法 读音例词一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/ swim-swims；help-helps；like- likes以s,sh,ch,x，o等结尾的词 加 -es 读/iz
8、/ Pass, finish, teach, finish, do以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es 读/z/study-studies B 助动词 a. 基本助动词be (是) - am, is, are I 用am she/he/it, 名词单数都用 is we, you, they, 名词复数都用are b. 基本助动词 have (有) - have, has I, we, you, they, 名词复数都用have she/he/it is, 名词单数都用 has c. 基本助动词do-do does I, we, you, they, 名词复数都用do she/he/it i
9、s, 名词单数都用 doesd.情态助动词，不论单复数、不论什么人称都没有变化，都用 can, may, must, need, ought to 等。而且，句子中有了助动词，谓语动词就不需要有任何变化了，即用动词原形表示。请看下面的例子： Lucy is at home now. 露茜现在在家。 We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。 Jack likes Chinese food very much. 杰克很喜欢中国饮食。 We can see some pictures on the wall. 我们能看到墙上的画。4 具体运用1.表示经常的或习
10、惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。 时间状语： always, usually,regularly,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time,twice a week,rarely,seldom,once a month, hardly, ever,neve e.g. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. 2.表示发生或者存在于说话之时的感觉，状态，和关系。时间的焦点在说话时的现在。这样的动词有： know
11、love have hear agree be think see taste feel seem look want belong require like等，这类动词的特点都有延续性，用一般时态就能表示动作或者状态的持续。e.g. I see some twinkling stars in the sky.3.表示客观事实和普遍真理。 e.g The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。 e.g. I dont want so much. Ann Wang
12、writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now.5.表示格言或警句中。e.g Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。6.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。 7.表示预先计划或安排好的行为。 8.小说故事用一般现在时代替一般过去时。新闻报道类的内容，为了体现其“新鲜”性，也用一般现在时来表示过去发生的事情。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
13、例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。初中英语语法 一般现在时练习题1）用动词的适当形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven in the morning
14、. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The teachers_(like)_(dance). 12.The teacher_(like)_(dance
15、).13.The students_(speak) English in class. 14.The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 15. Lets_and play football . ( go ) 16. He_ like swimming . ( not ) 17. Im sorry _that . ( hear ) 18. Wang Bing is_ ( write ) an E-mail to his friend .19. He has_a headache . ( get )20. _you study English at scho
16、ol ? Yes , I_. ( do )21. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do )22. Im _ better . ( feel ) 23. Why_Tom absent today ? ( be )2）用所给的人称改写句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.
17、You like making a model ship. (Helen)6.We clean the classroom every day. (he)7.They look after the pandas. (Mr Wang)8.I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy)9.We go to bed at eight. ( my sister)10.I read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green) 3）写出下列动词的相应形式 1. 第三人称单数： wash_ match _guess_ study_ finish
18、_ go_ snow_ carry_ 2.写出下列动词的过去式：stop_ see_ drive _let_ carry_ keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_ 3. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式： stay_ begin_ forget_ forget_ lie_ die _ run_ prefer_ give_ ring_ dance_ hope_ II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to London. 2. He doeant feel well and _(not ea
19、t) any food this morning. 3. He _ not _(see) me come in, for he _(read) something with great interest. 4. I _(l;et) you have the book as soon as I _(finish) it. 5. While we _(wait) for our teacher, a little boy _(run) up to us. 6. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep). 7.Its seven now, Toms family_(wa
20、tch) TV. 8. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 9. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash) clothes. 10. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterday? 11. What _(do) _ tomorrow? We _ (play) football. 12. There _ (be) a football match on TV this evening.
21、13. They said they _ (visit) the Great Wall the next summer holiday. 14. Who _ (dance) the best in your class? 15. Will you come if he _ (not come)? 16. The teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun. 17She _ (buy) a sweater yesterday.18. They _ (have) a party in the garden if it _ (not rain)
22、tomorrow. 19. I dont know if Mr.Wang _ (go) to Shanghai tomorrow. If he _ (go), I _ (ask) him _ (take) some books to my daughter, because she _ (study) there. III单项选择： 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain 2. There _ an English film nex
23、t week. A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. was going to be 3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 5. They _ the office at nine yesterday morning. A. reached to B. arrived C. went D. get to 6
24、. We shall go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 9.the teacher asked us _ to school on
25、time. A. to come B.coming C.come D.comes 10. John is always _ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work C. work D. worked 12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do 13. He sat down _
26、 a rest. A. having B. have C. to have D. had 14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make 15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave B. left C. leaving D. leave4）改句子 1.Do you often play football after school? (肯定
27、回答) 2.I have many books. （改为否定句） 3.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4.She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句） 5.I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 6.David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7.We have four lessons.（否定句）8.Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句）9.My dog runs fast. 否定句： 一般疑问句：10.Mik
28、e has two letters for him. 一般疑问句： 否定句：11.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句: 一般疑问句12.Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday. 否定句: 一般疑问句13.Mingming usually waters the flowers every day 否定句: 一般疑问句14. Tom does his homework at home. 否定句: 一般疑问句初中一般现在时练习2一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数talk_forget_
29、hope_stop_perform_play_say_buy_worry_fly_study_like_make_take_love_recite_become_come_drive_shine_leave_wake_ride_write_hike_give_see_swim_stop_shop_plan_get_sit_let_cut_run_forget_begin_wash_watch_finish_teach_fish_reach_go_do_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _
30、(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening
31、.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. T
32、he child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.21 We often _ (play) in the playground.22. He _ (get) up at six oclock.23. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning?24. What _(do) he usually _ (do) after school
33、?25. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.26. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.27. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with her parents.28. _ Mike _ (read) English every day?29. How many lessons _ your classmate _ (have) on Monday?30.What time _ his moth
34、er _ (do) the housework?三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_7. I lik
35、e taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)_8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)11. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) _12. I have many books. （改为否定句）_13. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis
36、.（改为否定句）_14. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）_15. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）_16. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）_17. We have four lessons.（改为否定句）_18. Nancy doesnt run fast. （改为肯定句）_19. My dog runs fast. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_20. Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句：_ 否定句：_21. I usually pl
37、ay football on Friday afternoon.否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _划线提问_22. Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _划线提问: _23. Mingming usually waters the flowers every day.否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _划线提问 _24. Tom does his homework at home.否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _划线提问_四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he likes going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _12 / 12