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1、UNIT 5 FIRST AIDReading and Thinking & Learning About LanguageI .根据首字母或汉语提示拼写单词The researchers hope they can prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly （年老的）people.1. The old man is in danger and we need to call the ambulance （救护车）at once.2. In freezing weather, snow can turn into ice,
2、 which is easy to slip （滑侄U） on.3. The train due to arrive at 10 am was delayed （推迟）for 2 hours because of the storm.4. Evidence shows that smoking harms nearly every organ （器官）of the body.5. You must chew your food well before you swal命w it.6. She wrapped a handkerchief around her bleeding palm （手掌
3、）in an effort to protect it then.7. Emergency line operators must always stay calm and make sure they get all the infomiation they need to send help.8. I waited outside till he came out, fearing spotting the carpet with my muddy boots.9. He is one of the victims of the accident.10. After the fall, h
4、er ankle began to swell and she could hardly walk a single step.11. With the average person using 130kg of plastic every year, there is an urgent need of better ways of processing it.H.单句语法填空Establishing a study plan and sticking to it can also help boost your self-control.1. The dishes in the menu,
5、 unless otherwise stated, will serve two or three people.2. Knowing （know） basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.wonder想知道。老师问作者有什么不对，作者就解释了原因。XA.funnyB. regularC. old-fashionedD. unfamiliarK答案X C K考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我解释了为什么我认为他的课 很枯燥，我期待学到更多的东西，他的教学方法过时了。funny有趣的；regular
6、 有规律的；oldfashioned过时的；unfamiliar不熟悉的。作者觉得老师的教学方 法就是每天背诵单词，觉得他的教学方法单调、过时。DA.expectedB. remindedC. allowedD. advisedR答案 A K考查动词词义辨析。句意：我预料Keady老师会生气地把我 送到校长那里。expect期待,预期；remind提醒；allow允许；advise建议。因 为当众说老师教学方法不好，作者觉得老师肯定会很生气。预料会被送到校长那 里。1A.practiceB. silenceC. debateD. criticismK答 案B K考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kead
7、y老师沉默了 一会，然后说话 了 o practice 练习；silence 沉默；debate 辩论；criticism 批评。根据 he sat at his desk quietly可知，老师坐着，沉默了 一会。DA.triedB. happenedC. managedD. failedK答案U A K考查动词词义辨析。句意：他带来了一些新的作业表，试图 让我们学生更多地参与他的课程。try尝试；happen发生；manage设法做；fail失败。Keady老师试图改变他一成不变的教学方式。8. A.blameB. applaudC. recallD. ignoreK答案B K考查动词词
8、义辨析。句意：也许有些人会为我所做的事鼓掌。 blame责备；applaud鼓掌；recall回忆；ignore忽视；不理睬。当时作者觉得自 己所做的是对的，认为别人也会赞成，为自己的做法鼓掌。A.regrettedB. appreciatedC. believedD. fearedK答案UAK考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我现在看到他，我会告诉他我是多么后悔我那天在课堂上的行为。regret后悔;appreciate欣赏;believe相信； fear害怕。从上文“I feel bad about it”可知，多年后作者为自己当时的做法感到后 悔O9. A.unkindB. impatient
9、C. curiousD. proudK答 案 A (考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听了我那些不友善的话，他告 诉我受伤并不意味着你要放弃你的尊严。unkind不友善的；impatient不耐烦的; curious好奇的；proud骄傲的。当时作者对老师直言他的课堂过时、乏味，很不 友善。A.stoppedB. woundedC. celebratedD. judgedK答案B K考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了我那些不友善的话，他告诉 我受伤并不意味着你要放弃你的尊严。stop停止；wound受伤，伤害；celebrate 庆祝；judge判断，评判。根据下文“how hurt you feel”可知
10、,作者现在觉得当时 自己说的话伤害了老师。UA.answerB. solutionC. decisionD. responseK答 案力D K考查名词词义辨析。句意：Keady老师的反响证明了，无论你 受到怎样的伤害，没有人能夺走你的尊严。answer K答案I； solution解决方法； decision 决定；response 答复，反响。根据第四段中的 He quietly and firmly said that he would think carefully about what rd said.可知，本句指 Keady 老师的反响。U 15. A.take overB. tak
11、e toC. take awayD. take upR答 案工c K考查动词短语辨析。句意：Keady老师的反响证明了，无论你 受到怎样的伤害，没有人能夺走你的尊严。take over接管，接任；take to喜欢; take away夺走；拿走；take up拿起；开始从事。根据句意可知，C项符合题意。 m.语法填空If you get injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way 1. (deal) with sports injuries is to keep them from happening in the first p
12、lace.Knowing the rules of the game and using right 2. (equip) can help you avoid injuries.If youve got injured, pull 3. (you) out of the game or stop doing your activity.Let your coach or parents know what 4. (happen) in case you need to see a doctor.Serious head and neck injuries happen most often
13、to athletes 5. play sports like football.Keep the injured person still with his or her head 6. (hold) straight while someone calls for medical help.If the person 7. (lie) on the ground, do not try to move him or her.Your first question after a sports injury will 8. (probable) be, “When can I play ag
14、ain? ” This depends on the injury and 9. your doctor tells you.Even if you cant return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy.Always talk with your doctor 10. trying any activity following an injury.K语篇解读U本文是说明文，主要讲的是当有人在运动中受伤时，如何自救或救助他人。1. to deal
15、K考查非谓语动词。句意：应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始 就防止它们的发生。此处用动词不定式作way的后置定语。Iequipment K考查词性转换。句意：了解比赛规那么和使用正确的设备可以帮 助你防止受伤。use为及物动词，后面缺少宾语，故使用名词形式equipment。 3. yourself K考查反身代词。句意：如果你受伤了，就退出比赛或者停止运动。 “pull out of the game”为祈使句，省略了主语you, pull为及物动词，故后 面使用反身代词yourself作宾语。X4. happened/has happened K考查动词的时态。句意：让你的教练或父母知道发
16、 生了什么事情，以防你需要看医生。根据句意，应该是知道已经发生了的事情, 故使用一般过去时或现在完成时。Rwho/thatK考查定语从句。句意：严重的头部和颈部损伤最常发生在进行像足球这样的体育运动的运发动身上。设空处引导定语从句，athletes为先行词， 指人，从句缺少主语，故使用who或that。held K考查非谓语动词。句意：当有人打 请求医疗救助时，保持伤者 不动，头部挺直。主句为祈使句，且已有谓语动词Keep,故此处应填非谓语动 词形式，又因hold和his or her head构成逻辑上的被动关系，故使用过去分词held。 此处为with的复合结构，held作宾补5. is
17、lying K考查动词的时态。句意：如果这个人正躺在地上，不要试图移动 他或她。此处If引导条件状语从句，从句缺少谓语，根据句意，此处强调的是 这个人正躺在地上时的应对措施，故使用现在进行时is lyingo3probably K考查副词。此处指你在运动受伤后的第一个问题很可能是。 修饰系动词be应使用副词，故填probably。X6. what K考查宾语从句。句意：这取决于你的伤势和医生告诉你的情况。设 空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作tells的直接宾语，意为“告诉你的情况”， 故填whato Ubefore k考查介词。句意:受伤后尝试任何活动之前总是要和你的医生谈 谈。根据句意可知应填
18、介词before。4. Mrs White found her husband surrounded by some strangers and looking (look) pale.5. . The boy got his foot and leg burnt by the boiling (boil) water on the stove.6. . Only a minority (minor) of children are fond of natural scenery while most of them like amusement parks.7. He felt dizzy
19、and sick because of an mild electric (electricity) shock.8. Sending an urgent (urgency) message in a bottle would not typically be considered a sensible strategy.9. An excellent company is good at providing its employees with a sense of belonging, which makes them feel at home.10. Communication is v
20、ery important, putting people at ease by letting them know what to expect.in.选词填空suffer from, electric shock, act as, prevent.from, depend on, at once, stick to, make sure, a variety of1. It also prevents your body from losing too much water.2. Some lose their appetites and the others even suffer fr
21、om sleep problems.3. . Burns are divided into three types, depending oe the depth of skin damage.4. The victims must go to the hospital at once.5. . You can attend a variety of activities.6. Some fabric may stick to the burnt skin.7. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns
22、rays.8. . If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.9. Examples include burns caused by electric shock.w.补全句子As you can imagine, if your skin gets burnt, it can be very serious. 你可以想象，如果你的皮肤被烧伤，情况会很严重。1. With an outbreak of the COVID _19, there is aa urgent need to produce lar
23、ge numbers of masks.随着一场新型冠状病毒的爆发，迫切需要生产大量口罩。2. . The technique may work with humans， allowing organ function to be preserved when oxygen supply is limited.这项技术可能适用于人类，当氧气供应有限时，该技术使得器官功能得以保存。3. If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody
24、providing first aid are much greater.如果是外部电线造成的触电，对于受害者和其他急救者的危害会大得多。4. . If necessary, place a small cushion or fabrics behind the curve of your lower back. 如果有必要，在你的腰部后面放一个小垫子或织物。5. We should prepare some necessary medicine of reducing the swelling and easing the pain when playing basketball.打篮球时，
25、我们应该准备一些必要的消肿止痛的药。6. Having studied computer lessons, designed for children, is an important qualification for the job.学习过专为孩子设计的计算机课程是担任这项工作的一项重要条件。7. You can stop bleeding by applying pressure to the injured area. 你可以通过按压受伤部位来止血。V.课文语法填空The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest
26、 organ, 1. acts as a barrier against disease, toxins and the suns rays.Its functions are very complex: it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it 2. (give) you your sense of touch.But when your skin gets burnt, it can be very serious.So it is very important 3. (know) first aid for burns.You can
27、get burnt by a 4. (various) of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation and so on.Burns 5. (divide) into three types-first, second or third-degree burns, 6. (depend) on which layers of the skin are bumt.Different burns have different 7. (characteristic). When giving first aid, you can remove the
28、clothes using scissors if necessary unless you see the fabric sticking to the burn.Place burns8. (immediate) under cool running water.Cover the burnt area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick 9. the skin.If the injuries are second or thirddegree bums, there is an urgent need to take 10. vic
29、tim to the hospital at once.K答案R1.whichK设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词skin,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用which。2. gives K设空处是谓语动词，主语是it,所以应用第三人称单数形式。时态 为一般现在时，故填gives。to knowKIt is important to do sth 意为“做某事很重要”。故填 to know。13. varietyK根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应填名词。a variety of意为“各种各样的“ o故填variety。are divided K分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，与
30、主语Burns构成被动关 系，且此处描述的是一般事实，主语为复数，故用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 are divided。14. depending K分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，depend与 主语是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填depending。characteristics Kcharacteristic 是可数名词，前有 different 修饰，所以应用复 数形式。故填 characteristics。35. immediately K修饰动词Place应用副词形式。Uto (stick to粘到上，为固定搭配。16. theK此处特指烧伤的患者，所以v
31、ictim前应用定冠词。故填the。1K提能练XI .阅读理解ABurns from fire or other sources of heat can be mild or life threatening.Some burns can be treated at home, while others need emergency medical care.What to do if you get burned.First, decide if you can take care of the bum yourself.If you cant get to a hospital right
32、 away or wait for an ambulance, follow these steps：1. Remove clothes from the burned area.But do not remove clothes that are sticking to the skin and dont break any blister.2. Run cool rather than cold water over the burn until the pain lessens.Do not put butter, oil or ice on the burn.3. . Lightly
33、cover the burn with a bandage.4. Remove jewelry thats close to the burn.Seek emergency medical care if：The burn is serious.一The burned area is large （cover the area with a clean, soft cloth or towel）.一The burn is caused by fire, electrical wire or chemicals.一The burn looks infected.Precautions first
34、!Be careful when using candles, heaters and curling irons.Do not allow children to play in the kitchen while someone is cooking.Children can easily get burned in the kitchen.K语篇解读本文是一篇针对烫（烧）伤的急救科普指南，主要介绍了如何区分 烫（烧）伤的程度及如何实施急救。1. What should you do first if you get burned?A. Call the doctor.B. Check t
35、he burn.C. Go to the hospital.D. Clean the burned area.K答 案B K细节理解题。根据第二段中的First, decide if you can take care of the burn yourself.可知，被烫（烧）伤后，应先检查一下受伤处，判断自己能否处 理。Which is the correct way to deal with burns?A. Run cold water over the burn.B Tear clothes away from the burn.C. Cover a bandage gently ov
36、er the burn.D. Break the blisters quickly on the burn.K答案 J C K细节理解题。根据 3.Lightly cover the bum with a bandage.可知,C选项“在伤口处轻轻地缠上绷带。”是正确的做法。根据2.Run cool rather than cold water over the burn until the pain lessens.可知 A 选项错误。又根据 1.中 But do not remove clothes that are sticking to the skin and dont break
37、any blister.可知 B 和 D选项错误。IWhat is advised to avoid getting burnt?A. Preventing possible problems in advance.B Staying away from the kitchen.C. Reducing the use of candles.D. Wearing no jewelry at all.K答案U A K推理判断题。根据最后一段的小标题可知预防第一，即提前 防止可能出现的问题，防止被烫（烧）伤，应选A。？BPainkillers （止痛药）are turning out to be a
38、 real pain, according to a new study in the British Medical Joumal.Tking them for just a week can increase your risk of a heart attack by 50%.The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses （剂量）and during the first month of use.The potential ri
39、sk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen （布洛芬）and naproxen （蔡普 生）,and more than 100% for rofecoxib （罗非昔布）.It all sounds bad but your risk is very low-one in a million.A 100% increase means you still only have a two in - a - million chance.Of course, all painkilling medications that work c
40、an have side effects-nothing is safe and effective.Paracetamol （扑热息痛）has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isnt very effective.Drugs like opiates are strong painkillers but easy to be addicted to and often have other bad effects.Maybe you find th
41、at you are in a dilemma now.But dont despair; you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance.For ongoing pain, music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it.Scientists at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice.They made the mice exp
42、erience extremes of hot and cold, applied pressure to their back legs and injected the capsaicin （辣椒素）into their feet.And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the pain.Lack of sleep increased the discomfort, while stimulants （兴奋齐lj） such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain.l
43、t has been widely reported that a good nighfs sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain.But anyway, dont throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs in short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition.K语篇
44、解读U 本文是说明文。根据英国医学杂志中的一项研究，止痛药在 使用初期或用量大时会产生很多副作用，但是如果心脏没有问题，短期内小剂量 的使用是有效并且平安的。2. Which of the following painkillers has fewest side effects?A. Ibuprofen.B. Naproxen.C. Rofecoxib.D. Paracetamol.K答案X D K推理判断题。根据第二段第四句Paracetamol（扑热息痛）has very few unless taken too much可知，D 选项正确。U. What does the underl
45、ined word despair“ in Paragraph 2 refer to?A Take it seriously.B Take any risk.C. Lose hope.D. Feel doubtful.K答 案U C K词义猜想题。根据前后文Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now.But dont despair； you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance.可知，可能你发现你现在处于两难的境地，但是不要丧失信心，你可以 向疼痛门诊寻求专业的指导，所
46、以可推知，despair表示“失去希望，丧失信 心”.应选Co3The example of mice is used to show that A. mice can stand extreme pressureB good sleep and coffee may decrease painC. legs and feet are more sensitive to painD capsaicin and stimulants can help reduce painK答 案X B K推理判断题。根据第三段第四句Lack of sleep increased the discomfort,
47、 while stimulants（兴奋剂）such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain.可知，实验的结论是缺乏睡眠增加不适感，而像咖啡因这样的兴奋剂能够让 老鼠对痛苦的反响减弱。可推断B选项正确。DWhat is the text mainly about?A. How to stop taking painkillers.B A new way of reducing pain.C. The risk of taking painkillers.D. How to avoid painkillers5 side effects.K答案
48、C K主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是止痛药在使用初期或用量大时 会产生较多副作用，即使用止痛药是存在风险的，应选CDH .完形填空When I became a junior, I decided to take Latin at school.I was so about taking that class, and I was fully expecting to be able to understand every word Id ever come across once I learned Latin.But Latin class was so 2 , Each day, the teacher Mr Keady would ask us to open our books and recite aloud the various Latin forms of words.This became the 3 every day.That was until my hand 4 one afternoon when we were asked yet again to open our books.When Mr Keady asked what was wrong, I 5 why