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1、Using Language突破-话题听说I .听说词汇认知翻译以下词语found。乙创立：建立1. outbreak n.爆发；突然发生infervt.推断；推定2. politician n. 从政者；政客filler/?.填补空白之物，充数的东西3. futuristic adj.极其现代的，幻想未来的break out爆发；突然开始4. high-tech companics/industrics 高科技公司/产业to put it another way 换个说法1(). on the tip of ones tongue 话在嘴边上(却一时想不起来)II.话题交际表达先背诵后翻译1
2、.背诵以下有关“停顿、思考”的语句(Er/Oh/Um, ) let me see/think.Well, er, .Yeah, I mean, 1 understand what youre saying. Any way, .Just a moment.Hang on a second.May I think about that for a moment?How can/shall/should I put this/il?Let me think about this/that for a moment. Right./Surc. Really?Well, I guess.You see
3、/know, .sum sth/sb up简而言之；对某人/某事物作出判断ihe sum of. 的金额； 的总和in sum总之；总而言之At the end of the class, the teacher summed up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.下课时，老师用三句话总结了这节课的要点。The sum of all the angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.三角形内角总和为180度。Does the writer sum up how he/she feels about
4、this person?作者是否总结了他/她对这个人的印象？My meaning, in sum, is that you must stay.简单地说，我的意思就是你必须留下来。K链接写作补全句子Now sum up your views in a few words.现在用几句话概括一下你的观点。To sum 叩/In sum, rd like to say the conference is a great success.总之，我想说这次会议非常成功。He inherited a large sum of money from his father.他从他父亲那里继承了一大笔钱。4.
5、take up拿起；开始从事/担当；占据；继续某事After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.（教材 Ps）在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国的普林斯顿高等研究所担任研究员。K一词多义写出以下各句中take up的汉语意思When she graduated, she took up journal ism.开始从事Writing the paper took up most o
6、f the weekend.占据He takes up a pen and writes down his name.拿起Lets take up the text where we stopped yesterday.继续某事K链接写作?补全句子Since Jack look up (he work as an editor, he has taken up editing articles, which lakes uk most of his spare time.自从杰克开始做编辑工作以来，他便开始编辑文章，这占用了他大局部的业余时 间。5. come to power 当政，掌权Ci
7、rcumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Ge门nany.(教材 Ps)1933年希特勒在德国上台后，形势发生了变化。come to power上台执政，当权be in power 执政,be in power 执政,当权beyond ones power力所不能及的within ones power力所能及的have the power to do sth 有能力做某事K名师提醒U “power”两点通 (1 )come to power=take office 就职，上台，执政(2)come to/into powe
8、r表动作，非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用；延续性动词 形式应用be in power执政，在位(表状态)。He has been in power for ten years but still doesnt want to leave.他已执政十年， 但他仍不想下台。Im sorry its beyond my power to make a final decision on the project. 很抱歉，要对这一工程作出最终决定是我力所不能及的。You can depend on it that it is wilhin his power.He can help you.你可以相
9、信那在他的能力范围内。他能帮助你。She believes that she has the power to solve(solve) the problem.她相信她有解决这个问题的能力。R链接写作用power的相关短语补全句子After he came to power, the country was becoming richer.他执政后国家变得更富有了。The party has been in power for twelve years, but whether it will stay on is not sure. 该党已执政十二年了，但它是否会继续执政还不确定。 包厨通
10、关 1. He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula教材 Ps)他对世界作出了许多贡献，最为人熟知的是相对论和著名的公式七二加/。(1) “名词/代词+非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)/形容词/副词/名词/介 词短语”形式的独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。(2)独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、 目的等。Time permitting (
11、 = If time permits), we will go for an ouling tomorrow.如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixcd(fix) on the blackboard.他正专心听课，眼睛紧盯着黑板。Many trees, flowers, and grass planted(plant), our newlybuilt school looks even more beautiful.种上许多的花草树木后，我们新建的学校看上去更美了。K链接写作补全句子He stoo
12、d by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.他站在钢琴旁边，闭上眼睛，第一次听着自己的创作由别人弹奏出来。Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.Steve挪动到钢琴前，坐在长凳上，当他轻轻地把手指放在琴键上时，双手在颤 抖。2. He had a thick m
13、oustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.(教材 Ps)他留着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发，头发有时竖起来，好像刚受了电击似的。 本句为主从复合句。后面的as though (if)引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”。She loves her students as though (if) she were their mother.她爱她的学生，就像她 是孩子们的母亲。She looks as though (if) she
14、were(be) ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了 十 岁。She left the room hurriedly as if (she was) angry.她好像很生气，急匆匆地离开了房间。It seems as if it is going to rain.似乎要下雨。He walks as if he is drunk.他走起路来好像是醉了。K名师提醒？as though/if用法点拨(l)as though/if也可引导表语从句。asthough/if引导从句时，常使用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。上面课本 上的句子就是这个用法。(3)有时，as if还可用于
15、省略句中，如果as if引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结 构，可省略主语和系动词。这样as if后面就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词/介词 短语、或分词。(4)当句子所表达的是真实的或极有可能发生的或存在的事实时，as if从句要用 陈述语气。K链接写作补全句子The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.(虚拟语气)这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子。I feel as if I have a fever.(陈述语气) 我感觉好像发烧了。 自学教材要点H熟记重要词语I .熟词生义写出句中加黑词的含义1. A patentee h
16、as the right to put a clear patent sign on its patented product or on the package of the said product.专利权所有人 专利标识 专利产品 2. My watch was slow so I put it for ward.往前拨I have put you forward as the best for the job.推荐3. We had to put our holiday forward by one month.提前Chairman Xi stresses the importance
17、 of drawing on lessons from the outbreak of COVID _ 19 and improving Chinas systems fbr major epidemic control, prevention and public health emergency management.借鉴II.写出以下词块的含义extraordinary arrangement精心安排；特殊安排1. make progress gradually 逐渐地取得进步research institute研究所；研究中心2. as a consequence 结果encounte
18、r an old friend 遇到位老朋友3. a famous professor 一位著名教授his remarkable performance 他的非凡的表现4. medical device 医疗设备rough draft 草稿；底子5. construction project 建筑计划:s练透常用句型1 .分析以下句子并翻译Albert Einstein, (who is perhaps【he greatest scientist)主句主语(先行词)who引导定语从句in modem physics), is often considered one of (the smart
19、est 系动词 装必 整行而一 men) (who ever lived).一定语从句K尝试翻译F阿尔伯特爱因斯坦，也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，他经 常被认为是rr史以来最聪明的人之一。n.仿写以下句式While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热爱，他继续学习，在1905年获得了物理学 博士学位。R尝试仿写中国在养活公民的同时保护环境的方法为全世界的农业和粮食
20、政 策的制定者们提供了有用的经验。Chinas approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policy makers worldwide.So, .WelL ifs on the tip of my tongue.Ive nearly got it, er, .What I want to say is.2 .翻译句子He was too trusting； actually, what I want to sa
21、y is he had no head for business. 他太轻信了；事实上，我想说的是他没有商业头脑。直祓-听力技好听力微技能一原因与结果考生在做考查原因的听力题时，要注意获取表示因果关系的词和短语，如because, since, due to, for, as, so 等。常见的提问方式有：Why.? /What5s the reason for.?/What is the cause of.? What is the consequence of.?K 典题印证 13 Why does the man want the woman to go for a walk in th
22、e park?A. To pick up his suits.B. To enjoy herself in the park.C. To do exercise.R听力原文M： Do you fancy a walk in the park and you can have some exercise?W： No, not particularly.M： Emm.You know the dry cleaners near the park shuts at 8： 00, doesnt it? And Im too busy to get my suits back now.K解题思路A K男
23、士建议女士去公园，女士不想去，男士说他现在太忙了， 而公园附近的干洗店在晚上8点就要关门，言外之意男士想让女士帮助去取他的 衣服。dry cleaners干洗店K典题印证 22 Why does the man talk to the woman?A. To change his flight.B. To make a reservation.C. To ask about the ticket price.K听力原文UW： How can I help you?M： rd like to know how much a flight from New York to Los Angeles
24、costs? Id like to fly economy.W： Thatll cost S899.Would you like to make a reservation?M： No, rd like to think about it.K解题思路a K男士询问机票的价格，并要乘经济舱可知，他想换航班， 应选AoU静透教材文本课文注解numerous/njuimsros/ adj.众多的；许多的the general theory of relativity 广义相对论thcory/OIari/ n. KuU 理论；KC, U3 学说in theory理论上，按理说relativity/.r
25、elatlvati/ n. KU 11 相对论；相对性(3)formula/f3：mjolo/n. KC2 公式；方程式；配方genius/d3i：nios/n. KC2 天才人物(p/.ge位ses)； KU天才；天资；天赋;Using.3(特别的)才能，本领have a genius for.有的才能courageous/kereldsas/ adj.勇敢的，无畏的courage n. KUH勇气，无畏，胆量gentle/d3entl/adj.温柔的;文静的enter university 考入大学the entrance exam入学考试patent/peltent； NAmEalso
26、paetent/n. KC, U专利;专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的patent office 专利 局apply for/obtain a patent on an invention 申请/获得创造专利权patent applications 专利申请out of(表示原因)因为，由于passion/paefn/n, KC酷爱；KC, U激情the passion for sth对某事/物的酷爱doctorate/dDkterat/ n. KCU 博士学位a bachelors degree 学士学位a masters degree 硕 士学位extraordinary
27、/Ikstr3：dnri ；MbEIkstn）:doneri/a4/.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的an extraordinary achievement 卓越 的成就K近义incredible c.难以置信的；unbelievable难以置信的,惊人的gradually/%raedjuali/ aA.逐渐地；逐步地gradual时.逐渐的,逐步的，渐进的enter.开始从事enter research 开始研究photoelectric/jautaullektrlk/adj.光电的come to povcr（开始）掌权；上台institution/,Instrtju:jh/n. KC社会公共
28、机构；制度；习俗institute/Instltjuit/n, KC（教育、专业等）机构;机构建筑a research institute 研究所consequence/konslkwons/n. KC结果；后果as a consequence 因此，结果take up a position 担任；任职take up开始从事mousiache（especiay US musiache）/m3slaj； NAmE mAstaeJ7 n. KCH 上唇的胡 子；有髭K比拟Xbeard. EC, U（人的）胡须，络腮胡子，髯 stand on end 直立着peculiarity/pl.kjuzli
29、aerati/?. KCU个性；特点；怪异的性质。作“个性，特点” 讲时,其近义词为characteristic。encountei7In，kaunto(r)/“偶然碰到；遇到n. KCU邂逅；遭遇 mistake.for.把错当成 pass away 去世 mourn/ni3：n/ vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤mourn for sb向某人表示哀悼原文呈现THE MAN WHO CHANGED OURUNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSEAlbert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern phys
30、ics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived.He made numerous1 contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E= m8 K 1 2. Einstein was not only a genius, ； he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people.H 1
31、2画线局部为独立主格结构，being的逻辑主语为the most well 一 known(contributions)。This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879.When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam , despite obtaining exceptional scores in maths
32、and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduMing i.n 1900 K 2 1K2X此处为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office.While working theic K3% out of a
33、strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 19O5.That same year, which was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers.Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.Af
34、ter four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university.In 1922, he was awarded Ihe 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric1 effect.K32此处为“连词+现在分词”构成的省略结构，将句子补全为While he was working thereoCircumstances changed in 193
35、3, when Hitler came to power in Germany.Einstein, who was Jewish, found-Jhe-ifoors.of- acadsmicJnstiiyUon嫂dosed。 himK4H. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position加 as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA.Follow
36、ing that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics.H43画线局部为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，closed to him是过去分词短语作宾 语补足语。To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd -looking but kind and funny man.He had 0 a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on endIhoughhe had juslje
37、ceiYed an clecttic shock K53. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends, birthdays.But despite his peculiarities , he was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is even a story about how he helped Link giril who knocked QnhisdQ。匚 and asked fQhclpwilhh，hQmewQ【k K63. In
38、 fact,Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.After many such occasions he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein! ”（55此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰long white hair, which在从 句中作主语。在该定语从句中，as though引
39、导的方式状语从句用了虚拟语气，谓 语为had done（表示与过去事实相反的情况）。R6X画线局部为how引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。宾语从句中又包 含一个who引导的定语从句,修饰a little girl, who在从句中作主语。&On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away , and thewhole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.课文译文改变了我们对宇宙认知的人阿尔伯特爱因斯坦也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，他经
40、常被认为是有史 以来最聪明的人之一。他为世界做出了许多贡献，最为知名的是广义相对论和著 名的E=2C2公式。爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才，也是一位勇敢善良的人物，受到 许多人的喜爱。这位温和的天才于1879年3月14日出生在德国。16岁时，他试图考入瑞士的 大学，尽管在数学和物理上取得了优异的成绩，但由于其入学考试的综合局部分 数很低而失败。他又学习了 一年，设法通过了考试，1896年考入大学，1900年 毕业。在找了两年的教师工作后，爱因斯坦找了一份在瑞士专利局做文书的工作。在那 里工作期间，出于对知识的热爱，他继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。 同年，也就是后来被记录为科学奇迹的那一年，
41、他发表了四篇卓越的物理学论文。 此后，他逐渐成为举世闻名的新艾萨克牛顿。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作， 在一所大学开始从事全职研究。1922年，他因解释光电效应被授予1921年诺贝 尔物理学奖。1933年希特勒在德国上台后，形势发生了变化。身为一个犹太人，爱因斯坦发现 学术机构的大门对他紧闭。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后， 他最终在美国的普林斯顿高等研究所担任研究员。之后，他继续在物理和数学领 域取得了巨大成就。在公众看来，他是一个外表略显古怪但又和蔼可亲、幽默幽默的人。他胡须浓密， 有时长长的白发挺立，就好像他刚遭了电击。他虽然是个天才，但有时会忘记一 些事情，比方他朋友的生
42、日。他尽管有怪异之处，但还是受到朋友和邻居们的喜 爱。甚至有个故事，讲述了他如何帮助一个上门请求他帮助做家庭作业的小女孩。 事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，让他帮助解释一些事 情。经过很屡次这样的情况后，他终于开始说：“对不起！对不起！我总是被误 认为爱因斯坦教授！”据报道，1955年4月18日爱因斯坦去世，全世界都为一位杰出科学家离世所带 来的巨大损失而哀悼。希折核心要点 探究重点难点 精讲 1. found”创立；建立；把建立在Elon Musk founded high-tech and futuristic companies.(教材 Pg)埃隆马斯克创立 了高科技
43、未来派公司。(l)bc founded on/upon.以为根据/基础(2)founder n.创立者；始创者(3)foundation n.地基；基础；基金会；建立lay a foundation for 为打下基础The novel was founded on actual persons and events.这部小说是在真人真事的基础上写成的。She left a large sum of money in her will to found a wildlife reserve.她在遗嘱里留下了一大笔钱用来创立野生动物保护区。Milton Keynes is a town whic
44、h was founded(found) in 1967.米尔顿凯恩斯是一个成立于1967年的城镇。K辨析比拟3found/findK链接写作X补全句子动词原形过去式过去分词释义变化规律foundfoundedfounded创立规那么动词findfoundfound发现不规那么动词Mr Smith, the founder of 【he amusemenl park, founded a college later, which laid a solid foundation for the development of the local area.史密斯先生是那个游乐园的创立者，后来他创办
45、了一所学院，这为当地的开展打 下了坚实的基础。2. consequence n.结果；后果As a consequence, he had to flee Germany.（教材 Ps） 因而，他不得不逃离德国。as a consequence/in consequence 因上匕；名古果as a consequence of7in consequence of 由于； 因为的缘故take the consequences自食其果；承当后果After graduation, he became quite lazy.As a consequence， he lost what he owned
46、. 毕业后，他变得很懒惰。结果，他失去了自己所拥有的一切。As a consequence of his bad behaviour, he was dismissed. 由于行为不端，他被开除了。You made the wrong decision, and you must take the consequences.你作出了这个错误的决定，必须承当后果。K名师提醒as a result因此；结果 as a result of 由于；因为consequently adv. 因此；结果K链接写作?补全句子As a consequenceconsequence of his illness
47、, he couldnt go toschool.As a consequence/In consequence, he fell behind his classmates. 由于生病，他不能去上学了。结果，他落后于他的同班同学。As a result, I am familiar with this art form and can give very specific introduction lo ihe visitors.（2019全国卷 I 写作）因此，我非常熟悉这种艺术形式可以给游客准确地进行介绍。3. sum而.总结；概括n.金额；款项；总数；总和Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.（教材 Ps） 用你的笔记写出介绍，总结一下你对这个人的感受。（l）sum up总结：概（括to sum up 总而言之