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1、Grammar-Subject clauses语法导曼感悟规律重点难点剖析*语法感知感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题However, what concerned him most was (ha( farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.1. How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.2. However, whether it was possible to develo
2、p a hybrid of self-bollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.3. Today, it is estimated that about 60 per cent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan s hybrid strains, .4. What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability
3、 to fulfill his dreams.1. 以上黑体局部在句中作主语。2. 1句和5句中的what在从句中作主语。3. 3句中的whether意为“是否”。4. 4句中的ii是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that引导的从句。5. 2句中的how在从句中作状语。F语法精析一、主语从句的定义如果一个从句在句子中担当主语，那么这个从句就是主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句的谓 语动词之前，有时也由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。That you arc coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.你将要来伦敦是
4、这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息。Whether they would support us was still a problem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。What impressed me most was that they have all suffered a lot.让我印象最深刻的是他们都受过很多苦。Is it true that he is the girl* s father?他是那个女孩的父亲，是真的吗？二、主语从句的引导词类别例词说明附属连词that, whether两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that 无实义，whether表示“是否”。连接代词who
5、, what, which, whoever, whatever 等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。连接副词when, where, how, why 等在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。What we need is more water.（连接代词what在从句中作need的宾语）我们需要的是更多的水。Whether we can arrive there on time depends on the traffic.我们是否能按时到达那里由交通情况而定。When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the w
6、eather.延迟的航班什么时候起K主要取决于天气状况。Why the man hadn t reported the accident sooner was never clear.谁都不清楚那个人为什么没更早一点报告那起事故。Who the letter was from is still unknown.这封信是谁寄的尚不清楚。三、it作形式主语当句子主语过长时，为保持句子平衡，防止头重脚轻，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it 代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型：句型说明h+系动词+形容词+主语从句常用于此句型的形容词有important, (un)likely, possible,
7、necessary, natural, wrong 等。It+系动词+名词+主语从句常用此句型的名词有a fact, an idea,an honour, a wonder, no wonder, a pity 等。Il+系动词+过去分词+主语从句常用于此句型的过去分词有known, proved, said, decided, suggested thought 等。It+不及物动词+主语从句常用于此句型的动词有appear, happen, seem, occur, mailer 等。It is very important that a student (should) learn En
8、glish well.学生学好英语很重要。It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.有人建议会议延期召开。It depends on the weather whether they arc going shopping today. 他们今天是否去购物还得看天气情况。For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. 举例来说，中国人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。It i
9、s no wonder that your students have made such great progress.难怪你的学生们进步这么大。【考点警示】.从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize.你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。1 .主谓一致(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句 谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。When we shall have our sports meeting has not been decid
10、ed.我们什么时候开运动会还没有确定。What they need are books.他们需要的是书。(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连 接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。How and why he came to this city is a story of struggle and success.他如何及为什么来到这个城市是一个充满奋斗和成功的故事
11、。3 . whether引导的主语从句，如果用了形式主语it,引导词whether可以换成句如果whether 从句在句首或后面有or nol时，不能用if替换。Whether genetically-modified food does us harm remains to be seen.=It remains to be seen whether/if genetically-modified food does us harm.转基因食物对我们是否有害有待观察。4 .引导词that在主语从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义，不可以省略：what在主语从句 中可作主语、宾语、表语或者定语，有
12、具体的含义。What caused the accident was a man lying on the ground.引起这起事故的是一个躺在地上的男人。That she was at the entrance to the cinema then was a big surprise to me.她当时在电影院入口处对我来说是一件让我大吃一惊的事。达标检测 当堂检泅基础达标演练I .单句语法填空1. Every year, whoever makes (he most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.2. It i
13、s often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.3. Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps.4. How we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.5. Where Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to ihe public, but some won t accept it.6
14、. Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.II .完成句子Whal he referred lo in his article was unknown to (he general readers.文章中他所提及的内容一般读者不知道。7. The villagers have already known whatwe lido is rebuilding the bridge.村民们已经知道我们要做的事是重建这座桥。8. It matter
15、s little how a person dies, bul what matters much more is how he lives.个人怎么死的不太重要，但更重要的是他是如何活着的。9. It remains to be seen whether the newly formed conunittee s policy can be put into practice. 新组建的委员会的政策是否会付诸实施还有待观察。10. Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户都必须赔偿。