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1、Reading and Thinking & Learning AboutLanguageLanguage Points【基础巩固】I .单词拼写Seeing the adorable kid, the woman bent to kiss his face gently.1. Generally speaking, people in Japan favour bowing when they meet!2. American English differs from British English in many small ways.3. She couldn t speak Engli
2、sh so her children had to interpret 口 译）for her.4. . My father didn t approve of my plan while my brother was in favour of it.5. Lack of confidence is one of the main barriers（障碍）to his success.6. Hearing the news, she forced a smile to hide her intemal（内部的）sadness.7. r m convinced that the print me
3、dia are more reliable（可靠的）than television.8. He had just given a trial to the young man who said he had previous experience.9. The study demonstrates（证明）that cigarette advertising does encourage children to smoke.IL选词填空approve of, in favour of, make a difference, rely on, break downI approve of your
4、 trying to earn some money, but please don t ignore your studies.10. As they couldn t sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.11. Parents character makes a difference to children s personalities in many ways.12. Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who a
5、re ready.13. Getting young people together will help to break down barriers between them.ni.单句写作如果你能认可我的建议，我将十分感激。（approve of）I would appreciate it very much if you could approve of my suggestions.14. 说实话，这些变化带来的效果难以评估。（assess）Honestly speaking, it s difficult to assess the effects of these changes.
6、15. 谈判破裂了，这使得公司经理有些不高兴。（break down； slightly）The talk broke down, which made the manager of the company slightly annoyed.16. 依我看，雇用那样一个随意的人是不适合的。（appropriate； employ）In my opinion, it is not appropriate o employ such a casual person.17. 作为一名学生，没有什么比在我的同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。（比拟级表最高级含义） As a student, there is
7、 nothing better than being praised by the teache】 before my classmates.【能力提升】IV .阅读理解People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressionsand a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow res
8、earcher, said that rather than scanning evenly（均匀 的）across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions, “ Jack said. Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,
9、whereas Easterners favour the eyes and ignore the mouth.”According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably
10、 convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories： happy, sad
11、, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. T
12、he cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions, “ Jack said. Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”In short， the data show that facial e
13、xpressions are not universal signals of human emotion.From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselve
14、s lost in translation.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人 更难于读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴 巴。数据说明面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。1. The discovery shows that Westerners . A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth B consider facial expressions universally reliableobserve the eyes and the mouth in
15、 different waysC. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressionsK答案X AK解析I 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favour the eyes and ignore the mouth.” 可次口，这一发现说明西方人 对眼睛和嘴巴的重视程度是一样的。应选A。2 . What does the underlined word they ” in Paragr
16、aph 6 refer to?A. The participants in the study. B The researchers of the study. C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.K答案AK解析X 代词指代题。结合上下文语境可推断出“they”指的是第五段提到的这次研究的 参与者。应选A。3 . What can be the best title for the passage?A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cul
17、tural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding K答案U bK解 析X 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了一项最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于 读懂他人的面部表情。西方人用整张脸来表达情感，而东方人更多地用眼睛而不是嘴巴。数 据说明面部表情并不是人类情感的普遍信号。因此，本文的最正确标题为“阅读面部表情的文 化差异”。应选B。V.完形填空When we communicate wi
18、th other people, we often use not only words but also body language.Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks than words.According to specialists, our bodies send out more messages than we realize.In fact, nonverbal communication takes up about 50% of what we re
19、ally 2 .And body language is particularly 3 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.Indeed, what is called body language is so 4 a part of us that it s actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.For example , different societies treat the 5 between people different
20、ly.Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact even with friends, and certainly not with 6 ,People from Latin American countries, 7 ， touch each other quite alot.Therefore, it s possible that in conversation, it may look like a Latino is 8 a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino, t
21、rying to express friendship, will keep moving 9 .The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 10 which the Latino will in return regard as 11Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 12 .And only a part of it is in the words themselves.And when parties are from different cult
22、ures, there s a strong possibility of 13.But whatever the situation is, the best 14 is to obey the Golden Rule： treat others as you would like to be 15 .语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用以及在不同文化里肢体语言的不同含 义。通过阅读本文我们可以了解文化的趣味性。1. A.straighterB. louderC. harderD. furtherK答案BK解 析I由前一句“肢体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有力量的语言！ ”可
23、知，本句应表示“肢体语言比语言更有说服力”，所以此题选择louder。2. A.hopeB. receiveC. discoverD. meanK答案DK解析X事实上，非言语交际占据了我们真正意思的大约50%。mean意思是，本意是。3. A.immediateB. misleadingC. importantD. difficultK答案1cK解析X根据下文论述可知，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要，应选important 重 要的”。immediate立刻的,表示动作的直接性和迅速性;misleading误导的;difficult困难 的。4. A.wellB. farC. muchD
24、. longK答案cK解 析X肢体语言几乎已经成为我们的一局部，以致常常被忽视。此处实际上是对“somucha(n)+名词”的用法的考查。5. A.tradeB. distanceC. connectionsK答案H BC. connectionsK答案H BD. greetingsK解 析不同的社会对人们之间的距离有不同的认识。下文的北欧人和拉丁美洲人的例子都与distance “距离”有关。6. A.strangersB. relativesC. neighboursD. enemiesK答案XAK解 析U北欧人不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说陌生人了。enemy虽然与friend相对
25、，但此处是说不同文化的差异，并不是敌我的分歧。7 . A.in other wordsB. on the other handC. in a similar wayD. by all meansK答案H BK解 析U由上文可知，此处表示语意的转折，应选on the other hand “另一方面”。in otherwords换句话说;in a similar way类似地；by all means当然可以。8. A.disturbingB. helpingC. guidingD. followingK答案IDK解 析 在交谈中，北欧人不喜欢肢体接触，拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，所以我们看到的 很
26、可能是一个拉丁美洲人追着一个挪威人说话的情形，应选follow “跟随”。9. A.closerB. fasterC. inD. awayK答案AK解 析I 拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，为了表示友好，会离挪威人越来越近，应选closer 更 近地”。10. A.stepping forwardB. going onC. backing awayD. coming outK答案cK解 析U挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，应选back away “后退”。step forward前进；go on继续；come out出版，发芽。11. A.weaknessB. carelessnessC. fri
27、endlinessD. coldnessK答案XDK解 析U挪威人的后退反过来会让拉丁美洲人觉得是冷漠。weakness虚弱；carelessness粗心；friendliness 友好；coldness 冷漠。12. A.talkB. travelC. laughD. thinkK答案X AK解 析U选项中的talk “交谈”与上文的“conversation”相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的肢体语言。13. A.curiosityB. excitementC. misunderstandingD. nervousnessK答案R cK解 析当来自不同文化的人聚会时，很可能会出现误解，应选mi
28、sunderstanding “误会， 误解“。curiosity 好奇心；excitement 兴奋；nervousness 紧张。14. A.chanceB. timeC. resultD. adviceK答案HDI解 析U 此处是针对防止误解而提出建议，应选advice “建议”。chance机会；time时间， 次数，倍数；result结果。15. A.noticedB. treatedC. respectedD. pleasedK答案X BK解 析 用你希望被别人对待的方式去对待别人，B选项与前面的“treat others”相呼应， 一个是主动形式，一个是被动形式(to be tr
29、eated)oVI.语法填空There are several reasons 1. school uniforms are a good idea.First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.The students feel that they belong to a particular group.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody has to worry about fashion.Everybody wears the same style of
30、clothes.Uniforms can be 2.(benefit) in unexpected ways.Recently, a school in Ireland 3.(introduce) an interesting new uniform.On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 4. gives off light in the dark.When the children 5.(walk) or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 6.(easy)
31、 see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 7. this question is not clear.Only one study in America found that students? grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms.But some students didn, t want 8.(wear) the uniform.Other American studies showed no 9.(conn
32、ect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are traditional in Britain, 10. some schools are starting to get rid of them.Some very good schools don, t have a uniform policy.However, uniforms are still popular.Pupils at about 90% of British Secondary schools wear uniforms.语篇解读 本文是一篇议
33、论文。文章谈论了校服的诸多好处，虽然一些学校开始弃用校服，但是校服还是很受欢迎的。1. K 答案 U whyK解 析 考查定语从句。句意为：校服是个好主意有几个原因。此处是定语从句，引导词 在从句中作原因状语，应使用关系副词why引导。2. K答 案I beneficialK解析X考查词性转换。此处作系动词be的表语，故用形容词形式。3. K答 案U has introducedK解 析H考查动词的时态。根据recently可知，此处应该用现在完成时，故填has introducedoK答 案U that/whichK解 析U考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是a piece of c
34、loth且在从句中作主语,使用关系代词that/which引导。4. . K 答案 H are walkingK解 析I 考查动词的时态。句意为：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑自行车上学时，汽车 司机很容易看到他们。结合语境和空后的or cycling可知，空处填现在进行时。5. K答 案U easilyK解 析U考查词性转换。空处填副词修饰see这个动作，easily是easy的副词形式。6. K答案toK解析X考查介词。句意为：这个问题的K答案D不清楚。the answer to是固定搭配，意为“的K答案H ”。7. K答案I to wearK解 析X 考查非谓语动词。句意为：但是有些学生不想穿校服。wanttodo意为“想要做”。8. K答 案H connection(s)K解析X考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，connection是connect的名词形式，因句中没有强调有几种联系，此处用单数或是复数都可以，故填connection。)。9. K答案H butK解 析 考查连词的用法。句意为：校服在英国是很传统的，但是一些学校开始弃用校服。 前后表示转折，故填but。