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1、状语从句1. 时间状语从句2. 条件状语从句3. 缘由状语从句4. 结果状语从句5. 比拟状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。依据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句， 缘由状语从句，结果状语从句，比拟状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when got to schoo
2、l yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang.As he walked along the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China.After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用如今时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill ring you up as soon as I get
3、to New York.I will tell him everything when he comes back.He wont believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，假如主句用确定式，其含义是“始终到时”，谓语动词只能用持续性动词。假如主句用否认式，其含义是“直到才”, “在以前不”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out.Lets wait until the rain stops.We won
4、t start until Bob comes.Dont get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用如今时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：Ill help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He wont be late unless he is ill.(3
5、)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or youll be late.=If you dont hurry up, youll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 缘由状语从句(1)缘由状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didnt come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, w
6、e shall not go the zoo.Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else.(2)because表示干脆缘由，语气最强。Because引导的缘由状语从句多放在主句之后。答复由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的缘由。由as和since引导的缘由状语从居多放在句首。例如：-Why arent going there?-Because I dont want to.As he has no car, he cant get there easily.Since we
7、have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2)sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导
8、的结果状语从句中，so是副词，及形容词连用。其构造是: “.so + 形容词（副词）+ that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不行数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。假如是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如
9、：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种构造是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that
10、 all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3)假如名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he c
11、ant go to the cinema with you.5. 比拟状语从句比拟状语从句通常由asas, 比拟级 + than等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由 so that, in order that引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first train.He studies hard so that he could work better in the f
12、uture.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区分这两种从句的方法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常
13、由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应当说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.或It was raining hard, but he still went out.8. 地点状语从句地点状语从
14、句经常由where来引导。例如：Go where you like.Where there is a will, there is a way.易混引导词while, when, as的区分：1.when既可以指时间点,及瞬间动词连用，也可以指时间段，及持续性动词连用（=while）。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用持续性动词。如：Please dont t
15、alk so loud while others are working.As及when用法相像，但着重强调主句动作及从句动作同时发生，有随着或一边一边之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的学问就越多。2Because,as,since 的区分：Because用于表示干脆缘由,答复why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明缘由, 着重点在主句，常译成由于；since表示明显的或已知的理由或事实，常译成既然。如：Water is very important because we cant live without it
16、.He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill.Ill do it for you since you are busy.3suchthat, sothat, so that 引导结果状语从句的区分：such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其构造如下：1) such + a (n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that2) such+形容词+复数可数名词+that 3) such +形容词+不行数名词+that。如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several ti
17、mes.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.注：在形容词+可数名词复数/不行数名词构造中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。如：S
18、he made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.【实例解析】1.You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. if B. how C. before D. where答案：A。该题考察的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。2. -Shall we go on working?-Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest.A.
19、when B. if C. because D. though答案：D。该题考察的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。3.None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it.A. when B. until C. after D. though答案：B。该题考察的是引导状语从句的附属连词选择。本句的意思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“notuntil” 这一句型。4.-I hope youll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. I
20、ll give you a call _ I get there.A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till答案：B。该题考察的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打 。”要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。选择适宜的连接词，完成下列句子。1.Jim spends a lot of money on books_he is not rich.2.Kate fell into sleep _she was listening to the music.3.-Is David at school today? -No. He i
21、s at home _he has a bad cold.4.We wont have supper _my mother comes back.5.Speak to him slowly _he may understand you better.6. _ she doesnt come on Sunday, Ill go fishing by myself.7.It is four years _I had left that small village.8. _the air moves, it is called wind.9.We will go to the park _it do
22、esnt rain tomorrow.10._little boys did _much work.11.There are few new words in the passage _we cant understand it.12.Go back _you come from.13.He reached the station _the train had left.14.-Do you have a swimming pool? -No, we dont. At least, not _big _yours.15.Give me your paper _you have finished
23、 it.16.It is raining hard, _we have to stay at home.17. _you work harder, youll never pass the final exam.18.Look after te children _I am out.19.The village is _far away _I cant get there on foot.20.That is _an interesting book _I cant stop reading it.考点精炼一. 单项填空1. _ hes old, he can still carry this
24、 heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us?-I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.A. wi
25、ll fall; to help B. falls; to helpC. will fall; help D. falls; helping4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children _ c
26、ross the street _ the traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. dont; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C. until D. because8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D.
27、was9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewestC. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to paly.A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so
28、 that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot.A. because B. as C
29、. if D. since15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a dayC. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.A. such B. so C. too D. very17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Be
30、cause C. As D. As if18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order thatC. No matter how D. The moment20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二. 依据中文意思完成下列
31、英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生特别亲切，以致于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother.3. 只要我们全力以赴，父母就会满足我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.4. 你一到上海就给我打个 好吗？Will you please call me
32、 _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩热爱钢琴，以致于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的教师总是第一个到校。_ _ windy or
33、 rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 假如人人为爱护环境做出奉献，世界将会变得更美妙。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.真题演练(2010河北省卷42. 1) Peter likes reading a newspaper_ he is having breakfast.A
34、. until B. while C. because D. though(2010.江苏省盐城市12. 1)Many students didnt realize the importance of study_they left school.A.when B.until C.as D.after(2010四川省内江市39. 1)I dont know if it_tomorrow.If it_,we wont go on a picnic.A.rains;rains B.will rain;rains C.will rain;will rain(2010山东省潍坊市29. 1)You h
35、ave to leave now_you can catch the early bus.A.so that B.as soon as C.because D.if(2010浙江省衢州市23. 1) You should go over your test paper _ you hand it in .A. before B. though C. because D. as soon as(2010江苏省无锡市12. 1)Scientists say it may be a few years _it is possible to test the new medicine on patie
36、nts.A.because B.after C.before D.since(2010年上海市37. 1)We will have no water to drink _we dont protect the earth.A.until B.before C.though D.if（2010江苏省扬州市41）-Could we play football in your playground,Sir?-No,_you have the principals note.A.if B.unless C.because D.since（2010四川省成都市35. 1）I wont be able t
37、o understand what you say,_you speak too quickly.A.if B.though C.because（2010浙江省湖州市22，1）-Is everyone here today?-No.Tom is at home_he has got a bad cold.A.because B.if C.until D.unless（2010山西省27，1）In summer , food goes bad easily _ it is put in the refrigerator.A. until B. if C. unless（2010河南省25，1）_
38、its difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives upA.Though B.Unless C.Because D.If（2010山东省莱芜市27，1）-I hear Jack Chan will come to Laiwu next week.-Really? _ he comes, my younger sister will be very happy,AIf BUntil CUnless DBefore（2010贵州省铜仁市35，1）- May I go to the concert with you?- Im afrai
39、d not _ you have a ticket, because I have only one.A. since B. if C. unless D. though（2010山东省菏泽市27，1）Mary spends a lot of money on clothes _ her family is not rich.A. because B. though C. if D. so（2010黑龙江省鸡西市29，1）Usually, we dont know how important something is _ we lose it.A. or B. until C. as soon
40、 as（2010广西省定西市15，1）She had a stomachache_she ate something bad.A. so B. because C. or D. although(2010福建三明29. 1)Many children like fried chicken _it is unhealthy food.A.if B.because C.although（2010广西南宁32. 1）Mr.Brown knew nothing about the good news _his wife told it to him.A.before B.after C.since D
41、.if（2010四川达州29. 1） I dont know if Jack_. If he_ , call me, please.A. will come; will comes B. comes; comeC. comes; will come D. will come; comes （2010天津市41，1）We wont start the meeting _our teacher arrives.A.though B.until C.while D.or（2010青海省宁夏33，1）-Did you catch what the teacher said?-No. She spoke
42、 so fast _ I couldnt hear her very clearly. A. which B. that C. when D. since（2010辽宁省沈阳市8，1） _ it snowed heavily yesterday, nobody in our class missed the lessonAThough BBecause CUnless DSince（2010江苏省镇江市8，1）A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing _ he has a map or a guide.A. if B. because C. u
43、nless D. when（2010广东省18，1）The teacher speaks very loudly_all the students can hear her.A. so that B. because C. since D. whenKeys: 1.though 2.while 3.because 4.until 5. so that6.Even if 7.since 8.when 9.if 10.Such, do11.but 12.where 13.before 14.as(so), as15.after16.so 17.unless 18.while 19.so, that
44、 20.such, that【练习答案】一. 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B二. 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as 5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether its 9. If everyone makes a contribution 10. because he was ill真题演练BBBAA CDBCA CAACB BBCAD BBACA