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1、-西城区高三年级英语诊断性考试试卷C-第 20 页-第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AMia rushed home and threw open the front door. Her mother turned around, surprised that Mia was home from school so early. “I won first place in the art cont
2、est!” she said (1) pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Though Mia (2) (work) eagerly on her art submission for weeks, her mother wasnt sure (3) the project involved. “Thats wonderful, Mia! What was the subject of your art project?” her mother asked. Smiling from ear to ear, Mia handed over
3、her artwork. It was a portrait of her mother.BA study found that adults aged 18 to 33 checked their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes. As I learned during my experiment, (4) (place) some distance between myself and my device helped me devote myself to my work more (5) (easy). By n
4、ot having my smartphone, my distraction(消遣) time went down and thus my work time (6) (spend) more efficientlyand effectively. On numerous occasions, I found (7) (I) wondering what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day. With the extra time, I can fina
5、lly enjoy the pleasures of life.In June 2012, China s first manned deep-sea submersible(潜水器), Jiaolong,set a world diving record for submersibles of its kind by reaching a (8) (deep) of 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible (9) (cal
6、l) Shenhai Yongshi, capable of diving 4,500 meters. (10) much of Jiaolongs equipment was imported, about 95 percent of Shenhai Yongshi and its core components were produced domestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer of Jiaolong.2第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）“Expert advisers often make surpr
7、isingly inaccurate predictions about the future, yet people (27) their suggestions nevertheless,” concludedOne morning in July 2011, a taxi sat wandering outside Petco Park stadium in San Diego. And Wade LeBlanc, a (an) (11) pitcher (棒球投手) for the Padres, climbed in.” To the airport, please,” he tol
8、d the driver. LeBlanc was headed to Tucson, Arizona, home of the clubs A-level branch organization at the time. Hed been sent down to the minors. Again. For the eighth time in three years.“Youre Wade LeBlanc,” the taxi driver said. “Right.”“You got some good stuff.”Stanford University psychologists
9、in a study published last year.Now, not everyone took experts advice. The more (28) people become, the smaller the pool of advisers they (29). Participants in positions of power ignored almost two thirds of the advice they received, according to one Harvard University study. Other participantsthe co
10、ntrol and low power groupsignored advice about half as often. So it required a massive increase of modesty (谦虚) to do what Wade LeBlanc did: hear what the taxi driver was offering him and accept it as a(an) (30).This performance.(12) the pitcher, after the previous nights disastrous11. A. excellentB
11、. strugglingC. ambitiousD. awkward12. A. surprisedB. concernedC. disturbedD. angered“I think there are some things you should think about (13),” the driver continued.” I don t know; I m not a (14). Maybe something like going over your head in your windup (摆臂动作)”Wait, what? This guy was offering (15)
12、? Earlier in his career,13. A. avoidingB. makingC. tryingD. crossing14. A. playerB. directorC. jokerD. loser15. A. serviceB. adviceC. chancesD. courses16. A. acceptedB. worriedC. smiledD. laughedLeBlanc might have (16). Or been angry. But today, he just17. A. explainedB. interruptedC. listenedD. gue
13、ssed (17). He couldnt afford to dismiss anything. His career was on the line.The next day, in Tucson, LeBlanc met his (18). He said he was thinking about making (19) to his windup. His coach agreed. Instead of keeping his hands tight to his chest at the beginning of his delivery, LeBlanc raised them
14、 briefly over his head, as the taxi driver had (20).LeBlanc included the new (21) into his next start. And he was (22), allowing only one hit over seven innings ( 回 合 ). It was the turning point in his career. Eight years later, LeBlanc is a pitcher for the Seattle Mariners. He signed the first cont
15、ract extension of his Major League Baseball careerat age 33.The funny thing about advice: We so often take it from the (23) people. That is, we (24) the advice of experts, while undervaluing the input of regular folk. Wade LeBlanc (25) that trend, and he obtained the (26).18. A. parentsB. coachC. dr
16、iverD. fans19. A. changesB. contributionsC. additionsD. objectives20. A. includedB. announcedC. suggestedD. resisted21. A. aimB. effectC. hobbyD. move22. A. patientB. optimisticC. brilliantD. justified23. A. attractiveB. popularC. humbleD. wrong24. A. overvalueB. skipC. ignoreD. involve25. A. identi
17、fiedB. supportedC. opposedD. started26. A. qualificationsB. benefitsC. prizeD. degree27. A. followB. abandonC. provideD. improve28. A. literaryB. successfulC. carefulD. negative29. A. tolerateB. helpC. knowD. trust30. A. jobB. exampleC. excuseD. gift3第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）Aeight recipes each week, so t
18、here isnt a lot of flexibility for different dietary needs, but the recipes are full of flavor and give subscribers generous portions. If youre looking for an affordable way to get into meal kits, EveryPlate is a good option.Which meal kit service is right for you?As the simple act of shopping and p
19、reparing food for dinner becomes harder to fit in, a way to help meet consumer needs and change the way we shop and eat has grown: meal-delivery plans. Heres a quick review of some popular options:1. HelloFreshHelloFresh provides high-quality ingredients （烹饪原料） and generousportions（份量）, with recipes
20、 that are generally easy to prepare. The clear, step-by-step instructions get even the newest home chefs up to speed, and the recipe cards are well-made, so you can refer to your favorite recipes again and again.There are meals for almost any lifestyle, including vegetarian（素食）options, low-calorie m
21、eals and “quick” recipes that get dinner on the table fast.Cost: $8.75 to $9.99 per serving, with up to 16 servings per week.2. FreshlyGet fresh, home-cooked food without the trouble of actually cooking. This subscription service delivers comfort foods to your doorstep, and the meals are prepared ri
22、ght before delivery. Never frozen and only requiring minimal reheating, theyre nutritious and cost less than many standard takeout options.Cost: $7.99 to $11.50 per serving, with up to 12 servings per week.3. Blue ApronBlue Apron is full of fresh ingredients, with traditional or vegetarian options.
23、Like many of the plans, the food is delivered in one big box and the recipe card is separate from the meal ingredients. The variety is good and the recipes are generally easy to prepare.Cost: $7.49 to $9.99 per serving, with up to 16 servings per week.4. EveryPlateEveryPlate offers simpler meals for
24、 a lower cost. Users can choose betweenCost: $4.99 per serving, with up to 12 servings per week.5. Daily HarvestDaily Harvest specializes in delicious smoothies. The meals are packed with fruits and vegetables, making nutrition easy and tasty. Smoothies just require the addition of liquid, so feel f
25、ree to add your favorite type of milk or water to the blend and get your day started.Cost: $6.99 per serving, with between 9 and 26 servings available.31. Which meal kit service is right for a vegetarian?A. Daily Harvest and EveryPlate.B. HelloFresh and Blue Apron.C. EveryPlate and Freshly.D. HelloF
26、resh and Freshly.32. Each meal-delivery plan is available with .A. fruits and vegetablesB. unlimited servingsC. easy preparationD. separate recipes33. The meal-delivery plans meet the customer needs of .A. living an environmentally friendly lifeB. cutting down on daily food costsC. adapting to a new
27、 lifestyleD. improving cooking skills4B account, she said.Kylie Kirkpatrick was getting ready for work when her 9-year old son, Ryan Kyote, burst into her bedroom. The Napa, California-based third-grader had just watched a news story about a kindergarten student in Indiana who was forced to return h
28、er school lunch because her account balance couldnt cover the meal.Ryan was upset, Kirkpatrick told TODAY Parents. “He said, Mom, how does something like this happen? Then he asked what he could do to help.After a bit of brainstorming, Kyote-pronounced “coyote -decided he would use six months worth
29、of allowance he had saved up to pay off the lunch debt of his entire class at West Park Elementary School. The bill came up to S74.50.Though Kyote had been eyeballing a new pair of basketball sneakers, this was far more important to him. So, on May 24, he happily donated his six months of savings to
30、 the Napa Valley Unified School District food services department.Ryan told them, Please let my friends know that they no longer owe any money, Kirkpatrick recalled. Lunch is his favorite part of the day and it broke his heart to think that its a stressful time for some children.The fourth-grader-to
31、-be wanted his act of kindness to be unknown to others, but his proud mother couldnt resist sharing a photo on Twitter, where it spread quickly.Give this kid his money back. No child should be covering lunch debt for his class with his allowance, wrote one person. Added another: Love this story . Sp
32、ecial kid.Practicing good deeds is nothing new for Kyote. Ill go into the garage and Ryans bike is missing because he gave it to a friend in need, Kirkpatrick, a sign language interpreter, told TODAY parents. One time, a friend didnt have any shoes that fit, so Ryan gave him a pair of his own shoes.
33、Recently, an investor got wind of what Kyote had done for his classmates and he contacted Kirkpatrick. “He wanted to give Ryan money to put in his savings5Kyote, who recently lost his father to ALS, had another idea.Ryan told the man to pay it forward, Kirkpatrick said. So he made a donation to the
34、ALS Association. I cant even begin to tell you what that meant to Ryan. All he wants is to make the world a better place.34. How did Ryan feel after watching the news story, about a kindergarten student?A. Shocked.B. Relieved.C. Excited.D. Bored.35. Instead of buying a new pair of sneakers, Ryan was
35、 more concerned about .A. his school lunchB. his account balanceC. his six months of savingsD. his classmates lunch debt36. What do we know about Ryan Kyote from the passage?A. He tried his best to help his friends in need.B. He couldnt resist sharing his photos on TwitterC. He accepted a donation f
36、rom the ALS Association.D. He argued against negative reviews on social media.37. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is always tough for school children.B.A kid can make a difference in the world.C. Social media can make young people popular.D. Friendship is an important part of being a y
37、outh.B actually speak English, he says.A crucial period for learning the rules and structure of a language lasts up to around age 17 or 18, say psychologist Joshua Hartshorne of MIT and his colleagues.Previous research had suggested that grammar-learning ability developed in early childhood before h
38、itting a dead end around age 5. However, Hartshornes team reports online in Cognition that people who started learning English as a second language in an English-speaking country by age 10 to 12 ultimately mastered the new tongue as well as folks who had learned English and another language at the s
39、ame time from birth. Both groups, however, fell somewhat short of the grammatical fluency displayed by English-only speakers. After ages 10 to 12, new-to-English learners reached lower levels of fluency than those who started learning English at younger ages because time ran out when their grammar-a
40、bsorbing ability fell starting around age 17.Aiming for a sample of tens of thousands of volunteers, Hartshorne began by contacting friends on Facebook to take an online English grammar quiz, which used a persons responses to guess his or her native language and dialect (方言) of English. Then volunte
41、ers filled out a questionnaire asking where they had lived, languages they had spoken from birth, the age at which they began learning English and the number of years they had lived in an English-speaking country.In the end, the researchers analyzed responses of 669,498 native and nonnative English
42、speakers. Statistical calculations focused on estimating at what ages people with varying amounts of experience peaking English reached peak grammar ability.Researchers who study language learning regard the new study as fascinating, but exploratory. According to psycholinguist David Barner of the U
43、niversity of California, San Diego, Hartshornes team cant yet say that language skill develops along a single timeline. Different elements of grammar, such as using correct word order or subjects and verbs that agree with one another, might be learned at different rates, Barner says. Its also unclea
44、r whether the responses of volunteers to an online, 132-item grammar test reflect how well of poorly theyWhats more, language learning involves more than a crucial period for acquiring grammar, cautions linguist David Birdsong of the University of Texas at Austin. For instance, growing up speaking t
45、wo languages at once puts still poorly understood burdens on the ability to grasp grammar, he says.In the new study, people who were bilinguals from birth fell short of peak English grammar scores achieved by English-only speakers. Thats consistent with evidence that bilinguals cannot easily turn of
46、f one language while speaking another, Birdsong says. Interactions between tongues spoken by one person may slightly depress how much can be learned about both languages, even if bilingual communication still reaches high levels, he suggests.38. Hartshorne and his colleagues found that.A. one reache
47、s a higher level of fluency at age 10B. one learns a second language fastest at about age 12C. one gets a good grasp of English grammar before age 5D. ones ability to master grammar declines at around age1739. Hartshorne collected data through .A. social mediaB. experiments in the labC. literature reviewD. face-to-face interviews40. David Barner believes that .A. language skill develops along a single timelineB. online volunteers do not co