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1、-中医英语词汇Terms Commonly Used in TCM中国医药学Traditional Chinese Medicine治未病prevention of disease中医基础理论Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine脏腑zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera临床经验clinical experience功能活动functional activities辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation形神统一unity of the body and spi
2、rit本草materia medica, herbs阴阳失调imbalance of yin and yang中药Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs条达舒畅free development四气五味four properties and five tastes延年益寿prolonging life, promising longevity针灸acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox养生防病cultivating health to prevent disease各家学说theories of differe
3、nt schools正气healthy qi, vital qi汗法diaphoresis, sweating therapy病邪pathogenic factor下法purgative therapy, purgation整体观念concept of holism吐法emetic therapy, vomiting therapy疾病的本质与现象nature and manifestations of disease补土派school of invigorating the earth阴阳的相对平衡relative balance between yin and yang病因学说etiolo
4、gy疾病的发生与发展occurrence and development of disease养生health-cultivation, 同病异治treating the same disease with different therapies医疗实践medical practice异病同治treating different diseases with the same therapy治疗原则therapeutic principles五脏five zang-organs, five zang-viscera寒凉药物herbs of cold and cool nature, cold-n
5、atured herbs六腑six fu-organs, six fu-viscera滋阴降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire经络系统system of meridians and collaterals滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood余热未尽incomplete abatement of heat瘀血致泻disease caused by blood stasis有机整体organic wholeness/integrity先天之精congenital essence表里关系exterior and interior
6、 relation形与神俱inseparability of the body and spirit开窍opening into开胃promoting appetite自然现象natural phenomena脉象pulse conditions, pulse pattern哲学概念philosophical concept邪正关系states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi对立统一unity of opposites发热恶寒fever and aversion to cold相互消长mutual waning and waxing头身疼痛headac
7、he and body pain相互转化mutual transformation久痢脱肛proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery阴阳属性nature of yin and yang养阴清热nourishing yin and clearing away heat相互联系interrelation清肺热clear away lung-heat相互制约mutual restraint, mutual restriction/interaction湿邪犯肺pathogenic dampness invading the lung动态平衡dynamic equi
8、librium清热泻火clearing away heat and reducing fire阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium腠理muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang水湿停滞retention of water and dampness, water retention相互依存interdependence癃闭retention of urine阴阳离绝separation of yin and yang气血运行circulati
9、on/flow of qi and blood相反相成opposite and supplementary to each阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang生理功能physiological functions阳消阴长yang waning and yin waxing病理变化pathological changes阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang临床诊断clinical diagnosis阴胜则阳病an excess of yin leads to deficiency of
10、yang阳胜生外热exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat阳胜则热predominance of yang generating heat阳中求阴obtaining yang from yin寒极生热extreme cold generating heat绝对偏盛absolute predominance热极生寒extreme heat generating cold阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin阴阳俱损simultaneous cons
11、umption of yin and yang阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang病机总纲general principle of pathogenesis阳虚发热fever due to yang deficiency病机pathomechanism, pathological mechanism阴阳自和natural harmony between yin and yang阴阳胜复alternative predominance of yin and yang木乘土the
12、 wood over-restrains the earth虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal扶阳退阴strengthening yang to reduce yin金水相生generation between the metal and water祛风散寒expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction消导积滞promoting digestion and r
13、emoving food retention制则生化restriction ensuring generation潜阳熄风suppressing yang to quench wind母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行学说theory of five elements传变transmission of disease, progress of disease运动变化motion and variation子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-or
14、gan正邪相争struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors肝肾精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood相生相克mutual generation and restriction肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang生我，我生to be generated and to generate心肝血虚asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood克我，我克to be restricted and
15、 to restrict心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire生中有制restriction within generation心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire克中有生generation within restriction滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver木曰曲直wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the fi
16、ve elements火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen土爰稼穑earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping肾阳式微declination of kidney yang金曰从革metal is characterized by change脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang病缓起gradual onset of disease脾胃虚弱hypofunction/weakn
17、ess of the spleen and stomach肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin地道不通menopause相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水湿停聚retention of water-dampness水火不济discordance between water and fire肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin藏象学说theory of visceral manifestati
18、ons心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage水谷精微cereal nutrients, essence of water and food通调水道dredging and regulating water passage传化水谷transmission and transformation of food行气利水activating qi to excrete water贮藏精气storage of essence水液停滞retention
19、of fluid治疗效果curative / therapeutic effect后天之本postnatal / acquired base of life藏而不泻storage without excretion调畅气机regulating qi activity泻而不藏excretion without storage肝气上逆upward flow of liver qi表热里寒exterior heat and interior cold水曰润下water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing肝旺脾虚hyperfuncti
20、on of the liver and weakness of the spleen脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation肝气郁结stagnation of liver qi面色红润ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks胆虚证gallbladder deficiency syndrome胆虚不得眠insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia腐熟水
21、谷digesting food导便法laxation食欲不振poor appetite跌打损伤traumatic injury脘腹胀闷epigastric distension and depression动静结合integration of motion and quietness/stillness嗳气酸腐eructation with fetid odor定喘relieving asthma泌别清浊separating the clear from the turbid心主血脉the heart controlling blood and vessels食物残渣residue of fo
22、od心气充沛abundance of heart qi大肠主传导the large intestine governing transmission and transportation防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor癃闭dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 血液充盈plenty of blood面黄肌瘦emaciation with sallow complexion脉道不利unsmoothness of vessels止珠偏斜strabismus
23、, squint, ocular deviation面色无华lusterless complexion调节水液regulation of water脉象细弱thin and weak pulse排泄糟粕excretion of waste material面色萎黄sallow complexion髓海不足insufficiency of marrow-sea汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin精神委靡dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit升降出入ascending, descending, comi
24、ng in and going out月经不调irregular menstruation气为血帅qi serves as the commander of the blood冲任不固weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels气血凝滞stagnation of qi and blood经期延长prolonged menstruation血瘀blood stasis小肠实热sthenia-heat in the small intestine气滞腰痛lumbago due to qi stagnation气机调畅smooth activity
25、of qi气虚滑胎habitual abortion due to qi asthenia气化不利dysfunction of qi in transformation畏寒喜热aversion to cold and preference for heat气分热盛excessive heat at qi phase气郁化热stagnation of qi transforming into heat温养脏腑warming and nourishing the viscera瘀血阻络blood stasis obstructing the collaterals清肺润燥clearing the
26、lung and moistening dryness破瘀通经breaking blood stasis to promote menstruation内伤头疼headache due to internal injury祛瘀eliminating stasis, expelling stasis逆传心包reverse transmission into the pericardium气不摄血failure of qi to check the blood宁心安神calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind血液循行circulation of the
27、 blood惊悸不安palpitation due to fright气的运动形式the moving styles of qi血液生成不足insufficient production of the blood平肝止血soothing the liver to stop bleeding血液亏虚deficiency of the blood离经之血abnormal flow of the blood津液的形状、功能与分布form, function, and distribution of the body fluid气血生化之源source for the production and t
28、ransformation of qi and blood脉细无力thin and weak pulse肌肤干燥dry skin肌肤甲错squamous and dry skin血脉调和流畅smooth and normal flow of the blood脏腑火热炽盛exuberant fire and heat in the viscera机体正常水液normal fluid inside the body热迫血分heat invading the blood phase气滞津停retention of fluid due to stagnation of qi寒凝气滞stagnatio
29、n of cold and qi身倦乏力lassitude气滞血瘀qi stagnation and blood stasis伤津脱液consumption and loss of the body fluid津液的营养和滋润作用the nourishing and moistening functions of the body fluid津液的生成、输布和排泄production, distribution, and excretion of the body fluid腹痛拒按unpalpable abdominal pain脾的“散精”功能the function of the spl
30、een to “dissipate essence”津液不足insufficiency of the body fluid水液停聚retention of water奇经八脉eight extraordinary vessels, eight extraordinary meridians胃的“游溢精气”the function of the stomach to “distribute essence”津液生化匮乏scanty production of the body fluid津液的代谢平衡the metabolic balance of the body fluid热盛耗伤津液con
31、sumption of the body fluid due to excessive heat风为百病之长wind is the leading factor in causing various diseases水液代谢障碍disturbance of water metabolism气随津脱exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid水湿困脾dampness encumbering the spleen濡养肌肤moistening and nourishing the skin湿邪内盛exuberance of interior dampness经
32、脉之海sea of meridians脾虚水肿edema due to spleen deficiency滋养脏腑moistening and nourishing the viscera运行全身气血transporting qi and blood in the whole body十二经别twelve branches of meridians联络脏腑肢节connecting with viscera, limbs and joints经别divergent meridians循行路线running route经气meridian qi十二正经twelve regular meridian
33、s十二皮部twelve skin areas, twelve skin regions/divisions经隧阻滞blockage of meridians十二经筋twelve meridian tendons经穴meridian acupoints, Jing-River acupoint饮食劳倦improper diet and overstrain经络辨证syndrome differentiation according to meridians风寒感冒common cold due to wind-cold经络感传meridian conduction, channel transm
34、ission湿热泄泻diarrhea due to damp-heat经络现象meridian phenomena内生五邪five endogenous pathogenic factors经络阻滞blockage of meridians风邪外袭pathogenic wind attacking the superficies舒筋活络relaxing tendons and activating collaterals游走性关节疼痛migratory arthralgias刺血疗法blood-pricking therapy阳气衰退decline of yang-qi外感六淫attacked
35、 by six climate pathogenic factors六淫six climatic evils感受寒邪attacked by pathogenic cold经闭发肿amenorrhea with edema虚实夹杂deficiency complicated with excess, asthenia complicated with sthenia邪正盛衰predominance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi寒性凝滞cold tending to stagnate by nature病症的虚实变化asthenia
36、 and sthenia changes of disease腠理闭塞blockage of muscular interstices机体的抗病能力body resistance经脉拘急收引contraction of tendons五心烦热feverish sensation over the five centers湿邪困脾pathogenic dampness encumbering the spleen五心five centers (palms, soles and chest)疾病的发生、发展与变化occurrence, development and changes of dise
37、ase生津安神promoting the production of body fluid and tranquilizing the mind体质强弱conditions of constitution蓄血发黄jaundice due to blood accumulation气血功能紊乱dysfunction of qi and blood脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang阴阳偏盛大relative predominance of yin and yang阴虚生内热yin deficiency generating interior heat五志过极extrem
38、e changes of emotions热极生风extreme heat producing wind精气夺则虚depletion of essence causing deficiency七情内伤internal injury due to emotional disorder阴阳互损mutual consumption of yin and yang饮食不节improper diet真热假寒true heat and false cold暴饮暴食craputence气机郁滞不畅stagnation of qi activity神昏谵语coma and delirium津液代谢失常diso
39、rder of fluid metabolism四诊合参combined use of the four diagnostic methods寒热往来alternate attacks of chill and fever精神活动mental activities津伤化燥consumption of fluid transforming into dryness面部表情facial expressions风火胁痛hypochondriac pain due to wind-fire精充气足sufficient essence and abundant qi口眼歪斜wry mouth with
40、distorted eyes, facial distortion预后良好favorable prognosis湿浊内生endogenous turbid dampness表情淡漠apathetic facial expressions虚火上炎flaming of asthenia-fire精神不振dispiritedness邪气内陷internal invasion of pathogenic factors神志不清unconsciousness大肠热结retention of heat in the large intestine轻宣润燥dispersing lung qi and moi
41、stening dryness心脉瘀阻blood stasis in the heart vessels四肢抽搐convulsion of the limbs镜面舌mirror-like tongue脏腑辨证syndrome differentiation of viscera饥不欲食hunger without desire for food病位与病性location and nature of disease脉有胃气pulse with stomach qi表里同病disease involving both the exterior and interior清里泄热clearing aw
42、ay heat in the interior风热眩晕vertigo due to wind-heat寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome寒热错杂simultaneous occurrence of cold and heat舌淡苔白而润滑light-colored tongue with white and slippery coating表邪入里invasion of the exterior pathogenic factors into the interior祛风解痉expelling wind to relieve co
43、nvulsion外感胃脘痛stomachache due to exogenous pathogenic factors恶寒与恶热aversion to cold and aversion to heat潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating口干唇裂dry mouth with cracked lips高热谵妄high fever with delirium脉数无力rapid and weak pulse和血止痛regulating blood to alleviate pain寒邪郁而化热stagnation of pathogenic cold changin
44、g into heat寒因寒用treating pseudo-cold syndrome with herbs of cold nature未病先防preventing measures taken before the occurrence of disease热因热用treating pseudo-heat syndrome with herbs of heat nature补气健脾invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen塞因塞用treating obstructive syndrome with tonifying therapy补血养心enriching blood to nourish the heart发汗解表relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis水气凌心water attacking the heart风热乳蛾tonsillitis due to wind-heat心悸多梦palpitation and dreaminess痰饮咳嗽cough due to fluid retention血为气母the blood serving as the mother of qi实热蕴结accumulation of sthenia-