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1、-中医常用词汇 Terms Commonly Used in TCM-第 6 页中医常用词汇 Terms Commonly Used in TCM 中国医药学Traditional Chinese Medicine 治未病prevention of disease中医基础理论Basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 脏腑zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera临床经验clinical experience 功能活动functional activities辨证论治treatment based on syndrome
2、differentiation 形神统一unity of the body and spirit本草materia medica, herbs 阴阳失调imbalance of yin and yang中药Chinese materia medica, Chinese medicinal herbs 条达舒畅free development四气五味four properties and five tastes 延年益寿prolonging life, promising longevity针灸acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox 养生防病cultivating
3、 health to prevent disease各家学说theories of different schools 正气healthy qi, vital qi汗法diaphoresis, sweating therapy 病邪pathogenic factor下法purgative therapy, purgation 整体观念concept of holism吐法emetic therapy, vomiting therapy 疾病的本质与现象nature and manifestations of disease补土派school of invigorating the earth
4、阴阳的相对平衡relative balance between yin and yang病因学说etiology 疾病的发生与发展occurrence and development of disease养生health-cultivation, 同病异治treating the same disease with different therapies医疗实践medical practice 异病同治treating different diseases with the same therapy治疗原则therapeutic principles 五脏five zang-organs, f
5、ive zang-viscera寒凉药物herbs of cold and cool nature, cold-natured herbs 六腑six fu-organs, six fu-viscera滋阴降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire 经络系统system of meridians and collaterals滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood 余热未尽incomplete abatement of heat瘀血致泻disease caused by blood stasis 有机整体organic whole
6、ness/integrity先天之精congenital essence 表里关系exterior and interior relation形与神俱inseparability of the body and spirit 开窍opening into开胃promoting appetite 自然现象natural phenomena脉象pulse conditions, pulse pattern 哲学概念philosophical concept邪正关系states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi 对立统一unity of opposites发热
7、恶寒fever and aversion to cold 相互消长mutual waning and waxing头身疼痛headache and body pain 相互转化mutual transformation久痢脱肛proctoptosis due to prolonged dysentery 阴阳属性nature of yin and yang养阴清热nourishing yin and clearing away heat 相互联系interrelation清肺热clear away lung-heat 相互制约mutual restraint, mutual restricti
8、on/interaction湿邪犯肺pathogenic dampness invading the lung 动态平衡dynamic equilibrium清热泻火clearing away heat and reducing fire 阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium腠理muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space 阴阳的互根互用interdependence of yin and yang水湿停滞retention of water and dampness, water retention 相互依存int
9、erdependence癃闭retention of urine 阴阳离绝separation of yin and yang气血运行circulation/flow of qi and blood 相反相成opposite and supplementary to each阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang 生理功能physiological functions阳消阴长yang waning and yin waxing 病理变化pathological changes阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading to diso
10、rder of yang 临床诊断clinical diagnosis阴胜则阳病an excess of yin leads to deficiency of yang 阳胜生外热exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat阳胜则热predominance of yang generating heat 阳中求阴obtaining yang from yin寒极生热extreme cold generating heat 绝对偏盛absolute predominance热极生寒extreme heat generating cold 阳虚则寒yang
11、 deficiency leading to cold阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin 阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid 阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin and yang病机总纲general principle of pathogenesis 阳虚发热fever due to yang deficiency病机pathomechanism, pathological mechanism 阴阳
12、自和natural harmony between yin and yang阴阳胜复alternative predominance of yin and yang 木乘土the wood over-restrains the earth虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome 木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal扶阳退阴strengthening yang to reduce yin 金水相生generation between the metal and water祛风散寒expelling/eliminating wind to dispersin
13、g cold 生克制化interrelationship between generation and restriction消导积滞promoting digestion and removing food retention 制则生化restriction ensuring generation潜阳熄风suppressing yang to quench wind 母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行学说theory of five elements 传变transmission of disease, pr
14、ogress of disease运动变化motion and variation 子病犯母disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ正邪相争struggle/combat between healthy qi and pathogenic factors 肝肾精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood 相生相克mutual generation and restriction 肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang生我，我生to be g
15、enerated and to generate 心肝血虚asthenia / deficiency of heart and liver blood克我，我克to be restricted and to restrict 心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire 生中有制restriction within generation 心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire克中有生generation within restriction 滋肾养肝nourishing the kidney and liver木曰曲
16、直wood is characterized by growing freely and peripherally 方位配五行correspondence of the directions to the five elements火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up 温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen土爰稼穑earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping 肾阳式微declination of kidney yang金曰从革metal
17、 is characterized by change 脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang病缓起gradual onset of disease 脾胃虚弱hypofunction/weakness of the spleen and stomach肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin 地道不通menopause相乘相侮over-restriction and reverse restriction 平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach水湿停聚retention of water-
18、dampness 水火不济discordance between water and fire肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin 藏象学说theory of visceral manifestations心肾不交disharmony between the heart and kidney 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage 水谷精微cereal nutrients, essence of water and food通调水道dredging and regulating water passa
19、ge 传化水谷transmission and transformation of food行气利水activating qi to excrete water 贮藏精气storage of essence水液停滞retention of fluid 治疗效果curative / therapeutic effect后天之本postnatal / acquired base of life 藏而不泻storage without excretion调畅气机regulating qi activity 泻而不藏excretion without storage肝气上逆upward flow of
20、 liver qi 表热里寒exterior heat and interior cold水曰润下water is characterized by moistening and downward flowing 肝旺脾虚hyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen医.学.全.在线.网.站.提供脾主运化the spleen governing transportation and transformation 大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciatio
21、n肝气郁结stagnation of liver qi 面色红润ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks胆虚证gallbladder deficiency syndrome 胆虚不得眠insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia腐熟水谷digesting food 导便法laxation食欲不振poor appetite 跌打损伤traumatic injury脘腹胀闷epigastric distension and depression 动静结合integration of motion and quietness/stillness嗳气酸腐e
22、ructation with fetid odor 定喘relieving asthma泌别清浊separating the clear from the turbid 心主血脉the heart controlling blood and vessels食物残渣residue of food 心气充沛abundance of heart qi大肠主传导the large intestine governing transmission and transportation 防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor
23、癃闭dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria 血液充盈plenty of blood面黄肌瘦emaciation with sallow complexion 脉道不利unsmoothness of vessels止珠偏斜strabismus, squint, ocular deviation 面色无华lusterless complexion调节水液regulation of water 脉象细弱thin and weak pulse排泄糟粕excretion of waste material 面色萎黄sallow complexion
24、髓海不足insufficiency of marrow-sea 汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin精神委靡dispiritedness, listlessness, lower spirit 升降出入ascending, descending, coming in and going out月经不调irregular menstruation 气为血帅qi serves as the commander of the blood冲任不固weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels 气血凝滞stagnation of qi and blood经期延长prolonged menstruation 血瘀blood stasis小肠实热sthenia-heat in the small intestine 气滞腰痛lumbago due to qi stagnation气机调畅smooth activity of qi 气虚滑胎habitual abortion due to qi asthenia