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1、-Section A 解析及拓展1.could能、会,是can的过去式,但在这里不表示过去,表示说话者的语气更客气、委婉。 Could you please+动词原形?意为“请你干好吗?”表示说话人非常有礼貌,语气非常温和。答语可以用Yes,sure.Yes,I can.Certainly.等。2.take out取出,拔出,除掉; Please take out a piece of paper.请拿出一张纸来。 Please take it out.请把它取出。 掌握take有关短语: take off脱下;(飞机)起飞 take away拿走,取走 taketo把带到去 take exe
2、rcises运动、锻炼 take a bus(shiptrain)乘公共汽车(轮船火车) take turns轮流、替换 It takes sb. timemoney to do sth.某人花时间(金钱)干某事。 3.trash n.不可数名词,废料;废物;垃圾 Please dont throw about the trash.不要乱扔垃圾。4.chore n.杂物,一般用作复数 do the chores做家务5.floor n.地面,地板,指室内的地面 ground是指室外的地面 sweep the floor扫地板 sweep the ground扫地(室外)6.make vt. a
3、.做,制造,制作: make a boat造船 make the bed铺床 make a fire生火 b. made+宾语+动词原形“使;叫” They made him do so.他们叫他这样做。 They made us laugh.他们使得我们大笑。 7.fold vt.折叠,折合: fold a letter折信8.clean vt.弄干净,除去的污垢 clean the teeth刷牙 clean the blackboard擦黑板 clean out清理 clean up收拾整洁 clean adj.干净的,洁净的 clean white shirts干净洁白的衬衣9.the
4、 living room居住室 the sitting room起居室 the reading room阅览室 the waiting room候车室候诊室10.or conj.或者,还是 Is your friend a boy or a girl? 你朋友是男孩还是女孩? 不然的话,否则: Hurry or youll be late.快点,要不然你就迟到了。11.look at,watch,look与see watch指欣赏娱乐活动,欣赏比赛等场面时,用watch: watch TV看电视,watch the football match看足球赛 look指有意识地看,不强调看的结果。若
5、后面需要跟动词宾语,则用at,再跟宾语。 Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。 Look! Whats this?看!这是什么? see强调看的结果。不管有意识还是无意识地看,都用see。 I saw Li Lei in the park yesterday。昨天我在公园里看见李磊了。 另外,see还有“看望”的意思: Im going to see my uncle next week.下周我要去看望叔叔。 see sb.do sth.看见某人干某事 see sb.doing sth.看见某人在干某事12.want v.想,想要:He wants a boo
6、k.他想要本书。 want to do sth.想干某事。 want sb.to do sth.要某人干某事。13.late adj. adv.晚的,晚 “be late for+名词”,迟到 later on后来14.get v. a.成为,变得;后面跟形容词 The days are getting longer in spring.在春季,白天变长。 You are getting young.你变年轻了。 b.收到,得到: I got a letter this morning.今天上午我收到一封信。 c.到达(常与to连用): I got to Shanghai late yeste
7、rday.昨天我很晚到上海。 get有关短语:get back返回 get down下来 get in进入 get off下车 get on上车 get up起床 get on with与相处,进展顺利15.ride n.骑车或骑马等旅行 a bike ride骑自行车旅行 a bus ride乘公交车旅行 骑车(马):ride a bike骑自行车 I ride a bike to school everyday.我每天骑自行车上学。16.need名词“需要,必需”,是不可数名词 There is no need to worry.不必烦恼。17.have a test测试 掌握have的有
8、关短语: have a look看一看 have a cold感冒 have a try试一试 have a rest休息 have a meeting开会 have a talk谈话 have a good time过得愉快 have a drink喝一点 have sports进行体育活动18.work on从事 He is working on the computer.他正在操纵电脑。 work as当作、干 He works as a doctor.他当医生。 work at学(功课): Were working hard at our English.我们正在努力学英语。 at w
9、ork在工作时: Mr Wang is at work.王先生在工作。19.first“第一”,序数词,其基数词是one。用序数词时,前加冠词the, 如:第一课the first lesson(Lesson One);“第二”是second,“第三”是third。Grammar Focus 语法聚焦 练习以could引导的疑问句,表示有礼貌地提出请求及应答。 其句式是;Could+主语+please+动词原形十其他成分? 肯定回答,表示允许,用Yes,sure.Certainly.Yes,I can等。 否定回答,表示不允许,用Sorry,I cant .But I have to 一般将来
10、时be going to结构的否定式是在be之后加“not”,疑问式是把be提到主语前,如: 与be going to结构连用时时间状语应是“将来”意义的,如:tomorrow明天the day after tomorrow后天this evening今晚next week下周there be结构的将来时结构是:there is going to be或者there will be There is going to be a film tonight.今晚将有场电影。 20.hate vt.不喜欢,反义词是like。hate之后跟名词,动词-ing和动词不定式。 I hate apples.
11、我不喜欢吃苹果。 I enjoy cooking but hate washing dishes. 我喜欢做饭,但是我不喜欢洗盘子。 I like swimming but I hate to swim today. 我喜欢游泳,但今天我不喜欢游。21.too adv.也【辨析】too, also与eithertoo:最普通用语,用于口语,通常放于句末,且常用逗号隔开。如: He likes English,too.他也喜欢英语。also:与too是同义词,比too较为正式,常位于系动词、情态动词、 助动词之后或行为动词之前。如: Hes also reading.他也在读书。 She als
12、o went there last week。上星期她也去了那儿。either:也不,用于否定句中,放于句末,用逗号隔开,是also和too的 反义词。also和too用于肯定句中。如: Last week she didnt come here, either. 上个星期,她也没来。22.other adj.pron.其他的,别的:other people其他人,other students其他学生 【辨析】other,the other,others,the others,another other形容词,别的,其他的,可以修饰单数或者复数名词。如: We study Chinese,En
13、glish,maths and other lessons. 我们学习语文、英语、数学和其他课程。 the other表示两者中的“另一个”是特指。如: She has two children. One is a boy,the other is a girl. 她有两个孩子,一个是男孩,另一个是女孩。 the other之后也可接数词或复数名词,特指“其他的”,这时other是形容词。如: There are three people in the room,one is a girl,the other two are boys. 房间里有三个人,一个是女孩,另外两个是男孩。 anoth
14、er用作代词,表示“另一个”用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的“另一个”。another也可用作形容词,一般只用于单数名词前,其名词前不加冠词。如: I dont want this one. Please give me another. 我不想要这个,请给我另一个吧。 Please give me another pen.请另给我一支钢笔。 others用作代词,泛指“其他人或物”。 You should think of others.你应该为他人着想。 Some of us like singing and dancing. Others go in for sports. 我们中有些人喜
15、欢唱歌、跳舞,另外一些爱好体育活动。 the others特指在一个整体中“其余的人或物”。如: There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. The others are boys. 我们班有55个学生,30个是女生,其余的全部是男生。(表示其余的全部) 23.really adv.真正地、真实地;果然:Is it really true?真的吗? Its really good.这确实好。24.laundry n.洗衣房 do the laundry洗衣服25.boring a adj.烦人的,厌烦的
16、 The dog is boring.这只狗很讨厌。26.relaxing adj.放松的 Running is relaxing.跑步使人放松。 其动词是relax使放松,使轻松: relax yourself放松自己 You should learn to relax yourself on weekends. 在周末你该学会放松自己。27.sometimes adv.有时候多用于一般现在时。用how often来提问。 Sometimes he does reading at night.有时他晚上读书。 sometime表示“在某个时间,在某一时候”,用于过去时或者将来时。如: I s
17、aw him sometime last week.上周某时我见过他。 some time表示“一段时间”,用how long提问。例如: Last year I studied in Beijing for some time. 去年我在北京学习了一段时间。 some times表示“几次”,在这里time表示“次”,是可数名词。 对它提问用how many times(多少次)。如: Please read the text some times.请把课文读几遍。 How many times did you read the story? 这个故事你读过几遍? Some times.有几
18、遍了。 Section B 解析及拓展1.teenager n.十余岁青年,teenagers是复数,如: He is a teenager.他是个少年。2.borrow vt.借,如: 【辨析】borrow与lend borrow指“借人”或“借用他人的东西供自己使用”。 borrow sth.from sb May I borrow your bike?我可以借用你的自行车吗? 或May I borrow a bike from you? lend表示把自己的东西“借出”给别人暂时使用。“借给某人某物” lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.;如: You mustnt
19、lent it to others.你一定不要把它借给某人。 3.invite vt.邀请 invite sb.to+地点;“邀请某人到某地”;如: invite Jenny to my house邀请Jenny到我家 invite sb.to do sth.“邀请某人干某事”;如: We invited them to dance.我们邀请他们跳舞。4.have a party举行聚会: Next Sunday is my birthday.Im going to have a party. 下个星期天是我的生日。我打算开个聚会。5.talk about讨论、谈论: Lets talk ab
20、out the pictures.我们讨论这些画吧。 talk towith sb.向某人交谈: The teacher is talking to Wei Hua,老师正在跟伟华交谈。6.thanks for因感谢,for是介词,后面跟名词或动词-ing,如: Thanks for your help.感谢你的帮助。 Thanks for telling me that.谢谢告诉我那件事。 7.take care of照顾、照看,同义词短语是look after。如: You must take good care of yourself and keep healthy. 你必须好好保重,
21、保持健康。 take care(be careful)注意,小心,留神;如: Take care! Its dangerous.小心!这儿危险。8. every day每天,天天9.take v.带,取:take him for a walk带他去散步 take these books to the classroom把这些书带到教室去 拿走,带走:Who took away books?谁拿走了书? 吃,喝,服用:She has to take the medicine three times a day. 她必须一天服药三次。 乘:take a bus(shipcartaxi)乘公共汽车(
22、轮船、汽车出租车) 花费(时间或金钱):I take only ten minutes to get there every day. 每天我只需10分钟到那儿。 10. give vt.给(过去式gave) give back(return)归还 He gave me that book that he borrowed last week. 他把上星期借我的书还给了我。 give up放弃,戒掉 Maths is too hard.Ill give it up.数学太难学了,我要放弃。11. feed vt.喂养、饲养,如:feed chickens喂鸡 feed on以为食:The ho
23、rses feed on grass.马吃草。 12. play v. 玩,做游戏 n.戏剧、剧本,如: Did you watch the play last night?昨晚你看这部戏了吗? 13. Dont forget to do sth.“不要忘记干”,否定祈使句。再如: Dont draw on the wall.不要在墙上乱涂乱画。14. have fun过得愉快,玩得痛快;fun是不可数名词。 have fun+v.-ing开开心心做某事 This term we are going to have fun learning and speaking English. 这学期我
24、们将开开心心学说英语。 for fun开玩笑地,不认真地,如: He said so only for fun.他这样说只是开玩笑。 make fun of a person开某人的玩笑,取笑某人: We often make fun of them我们经常开他们的玩笑。 15. see v.看见,如: I see my watch on the desk.我看见我的手表在桌上。 see sb.do sth.看见某人干事 I often see him read English.我经常见到他读英语。 see sb. doing sth.看见某人在干某事 I see the boys playi
25、ng basketball there. 我看见男孩子在那儿打篮球。 See you.再见。See you next week.下周见。See you later.再见。 see sb.看望某人:I went to see the doctor today. 今天我去看医生了。 see a film看电影:I see a film once a week.我一周看一场电影。e over过来,顺便拜访。如: You must come over to my house to have dinner. 你必须来我家吃晚饭。 come back回来:He didnt come back until
26、1200 yesterday. come from来自:She comes from Shanghai.她来自上海。 come in进来:May I come in?我可以进来吗? come oncome along加油,快点 “Come on,”they shouted loudly.他们大声喊道:“加油”。 come out 出来(花)开: The rain stops and the sun will come out soon.雨停了太阳很快就出来。Self Check 解析及拓展1.“go on十名词”表示“要去干”,如:go on a trip去旅行go on hiking远足go on a picnic去野餐2.keep vt.保持、保守a. keep+名词:keep a secret保守秘密b. keep+名词+adj.v.-ing使保持,使得Keep the fire burning.不要让火熄灭。We keep our classroom clean every day.我们每天保持我们的教室洁净。 -第 7 页-