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1、-初中英语八种时态归纳复习 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 即实义动词 否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词
2、，即用动词原形。 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、 一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year,night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：be动词；行为动词 否定形式：was/were+no
3、t;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时： 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓
4、语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。 五、现在完成时：概 念：过去发生的动作或存在的状况对现在有影响或产生的结果；表示过去开始并持续到现在，已有一段时间的动作或状况。构 成：助动词have has + 动词过去分词提示词：already(已经)，just, ever, never, yet, since, ever since, so far, by now, these days, recently, for +一段时间， in the past /last
5、 five years, up to now，by+现在时间,以before结尾的句子,over+时间，等。 for和since的运用: for表“经历(一段时间)”，而since表“自从 以来”。常见结构：for一段时间；since一段时间ago;since一个时间点；since从句。注 意：already 一般只用于肯定句,ever用于疑问句，yet 用于否定句及疑问句 练 习：1. He _ just _ ( copy ) all the new words.2. The librarian _ ( work ) in the library for three years. 3. I
6、_ never _ ( see ) such a good film before.4. _ you ever _ ( be ) to Beijing?5. The little girl _ ( learn ) about 100 songs so far. 6. He _ in U.S.A for 20 years. （live） 7. Mr Green is an engineer. He _ (work) in China for about two years.8. Your father has been to Guangzhou twice, _ 9. The Smiths _
7、China for three years.（ be ）10. He _ ( teach ) English since he came here.11. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? (改为反意疑问句)12. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have13. I_a letter from him since he left. ( get )14. They _ just_( close )the windows.15. I_(return) the
8、 book to the library already.16. She has never met a foreigner before,_? 17. I_ ( know ) Jim for three years.18. How many songs _ they_ by now? ( learn)19. My father_( be )to the Great Wall before.20. Mr. Smith_ ( live ) in London since 1979.21. Recently Mary _ ( do ) her work regularly.22. He_( sta
9、y ) here since 3 hours ago.23. She _ ( learn ) about 30,000 words in the past three years.24. have(has)been 与have(has)gone的区别 have(has)been表“到过某地”；have(has)gone表“已去”人在途中或已经到达。如： A：Where is Li Lei? B：He has gone to the library. 25. Great changes_( take place ) in China in the past few years.26. Mary
10、_ ( visit ) many interesting places these days.六、 过去完成时： 概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。 时间状语：before, by+过去时间 the end of last year(term, month),现在完成时中运用的时间状语都可以运用到过去完成时中，但要注意时间的判断. 基本结构：had + done. 否定形式：had + not + done. 一般疑问句：had放于句首。 七、 一般将来时： 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状
11、语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do. 否定形式：was/were + not; 在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 八、 过去将来时： 概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 时间状语：the next day(morning, year),the followin
12、g month(week),etc. 基本结构：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do. 否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。 . 几种常见时态的相互转换 .英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换，以下是几种常见的转换形式：一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 . 在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过
13、去时的句型中；瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从以来有时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看： A. He joined the League two years ago. B. He has been in the League for two years. C. It is two years since he joined the League. D
14、. Two years has passed since he joined the League二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换 在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看： Peter is at work, but Mike is at play. Peter is working, but Mike is playing. 三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换 在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, rrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：
15、I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看： The train is leaving soon. The train will leave soon. 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换 “be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事；将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中，当主语为第一人称时，常用助动词shall。在口语中，所有人称都可以用will。请看：We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday. We shall visit t
16、he Great Wall next Sunday. . 中考动词时态考点分析 一、根据时间状语确定时态的原则 1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2002辽宁) A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 析 1. C。since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。 二、在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则 2. Do you know if - back next week? If he back, please let me know.
17、(2002黑龙江 ) A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come 析 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 三、根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则 3. When - thi
18、s kind of computer ? -Last year. (2002天津) A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 析 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。 四、利用上下文语意确定时态的原则 4. Hi! Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party. -Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2002江西)A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got 析 4. B。此例由didnt,
19、at the party推断出应用过去进行时。 五、时态中的“特殊”对策的原则 5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2002辽宁) A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 析 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。 . 中考实战题练兵 Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verb tense: 1. Mr Brown
20、will go fishing if it (not rain) tomorrow. (2002徐州市) 2. I think he (be) back in a week. (2002南京市) 3. Who (knock) at the door? -I dont know. Let me go and see. (2002连云港市) 4. Bill is strict with himself. He never (leave) todays work for tomorrow. (2002连云港市) 5. - your uncle (return) the video tapes to
21、Mr Fox? -No. Theyre still in his bedroom. (2002南通市) 6. By the end of last term, they (work) there for ten years. (2002辽宁) 7. Mr. Wang (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday. (2002上海市) 8. Mr. Green and his wife (live) in London for a few years before they (come) to work in China in 2001. (2002曲靖市) 9. They never knew what (happen) to the world in a hundred years. (2002南充) 10. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth (go) around the sun. (2002陕西) -第 4 页-