人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit6语法指导与练习(4页).doc

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1、-人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit6语法指导与练习Unit 6 Im watching TV.Unit 6语法指导与练习语法指导现在进行时【教材原句】1.What are you doing? Im watching TV.2. Is the man swimming in a river? No,he isnt.Hes swimming in a pool.3.Are you doing your homework?4.Hes playing basketball.以上例句,均是 (时态)的句子,句子的谓语是由助动词be( 、 、 )+v.-ing(动词的现在分词)构成的。(现在进行时,am

2、,is,are)【语法透析】一、现在进行时的用法。1.现在进行时可以表示说话时正在进行着的动作,常与now,right now,at the moment等时间状语及动词look,listen等连用。例如:He is watching TV now.他现在正在看电视。Look!They are playing soccer.看!他们在踢足球。2.现在进行时可以表示目前一段时间内一直进行的动作,常和these days,this week,at present等时间状语连用。例如:They are working on a farm these days.这些天他们在农场里干活。3.现在进行时可

3、以表示现在不断发展变化的事情。表示渐变的动词有:get,grow,turn,become等。例如:The leaves are turning yellow.叶子变黄了。The days are getting shorter and shorter.白天正变得越来越短。4.与副词always,constantly等连用,表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,含有说话者赞扬、不满、讨厌、遗憾等情绪。例如:Shesalwayssmilinghappily. Tomisalwaysmakingthesamemistake!二、现在进行时的构成。现在进行时由“助动词be(am/is /are)+v.-ing形

4、式”构成。助动词be(am/is/are)要和主语保持一致。v.-ing形式的构成如下表。规则例词一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwork-working study-studying look-looking go-going visit-visiting以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ingcome-coming live-living write-writing make-making take-taking have-having dance-dancing practice-practicing hope-hoping leave-leaving move-moving giv

5、e-giving drive-driving arrive-arriving以重读闭音节结尾的动词,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加-ingstop-stopping swim-swimming run-running get-getting sit-sitting begin-beginning forget-forgetting shop-shopping put-putting cut-cutting以ie结尾的重读开音节的动词,将ie改为y,再加-ingdie-dying lie-lying tie-tying三、现在进行时态的基本句型。1.肯定式:be+v.ing Sh

6、e is washing the dishes in the kitchen now.她现在正在厨房里洗餐具。2.否定式:be+not+v.ing She isnt washing the dishes in the kitchen now.她现在没在厨房里洗餐具。3.一般疑问句:be动词提前(Be+主语+v.ing+其他?) Is she washing the dishes in the kitchen now?她现在在厨房里洗餐具吗? 肯定/否定回答:Yes,人称代词+be./No,人称代词+be和not的缩写。 Yes,she is.是的,她在洗餐具。No,she isnt.不,她没在

7、洗餐具。4.特殊疑问句: 1)对主语进行提问时:Who +be+v.ing+其他? She is washing the dishes in the kitchen now.她现在正在厨房里洗餐具。Who is washing the dishes in the kitchen now?谁现在在厨房里洗餐具?2)对谓语动词进行提问时:What+be+主语+doing+其他?She is washing the dishes in the kitchen now.她现在正在厨房里洗餐具。What is she doing in the kitchen now?她现在在厨房里做什么? 2)对时间(

8、when)或地点(when)等状语以及其他成分进行提问时: 特殊疑问词+ be+主语+v.ing+其他(一般疑问句语序)?She is washing the dishes in the kitchen now.她现在正在厨房里洗餐具。Where is she washing the dishes now?她现在在哪里洗餐具?四、现在进行时态的基本标志。何时用现在进行时?(参见本语法指导:一、现在进行时的用法。)常与现在进行时搭配的时间状语或句子:now,atpresent,atthemoment,at8:00Look!Listen!Whereis/are.?etc.1.以Look!或List

9、en!开头的句子提示我们说话时动作正在进行,应用现在进行时。 Look!The children are playing games over there.看!孩子们在那边玩游戏。 Listen!Whos singing in the classroom?听!是谁在教室里唱歌呢?2.当句子中有now(现在)时,常表示说话时动作正在进行,这时也常用现在进行时。Were having an English class now.我们正在上英语课。3.描述图片中的人物的动作时常用现在进行时,以示生动。 Look at the picture.The girl is swimming.看图片。这个女孩正

10、在游泳。4.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作时常用现在进行时,这时常与时间状语these days,this week等连用。 We are playing football these days.这些天我们在踢足球。5.有时句子中可能没有时间状语,但如果表示的是说话时或者现阶段正在进行的动作,就应该用现在进行时。 Whats Jim doing? 吉姆在干什么? He is cleaning the room. 他正在打扫房间。【试题链接】Millie,where is Miss Li?She a speech on Chinese art to the first-year

11、students in the hall. A.gives B.gave C.is giving D.has given(由问句“李老师在哪里?”可知应使用现在进行时,表示李老师现在正在做什么,故选C。)【试题链接】Be quiet!The other students . A.sleep B.slept C.are sleeping D.sleeps(由句意“安静点!其他的同学正在睡觉。”可知需用现在进行时态,故选C。)【试题链接】Look!Sam TV happily on the sofa. A.is watching B.watches C.watched D.watchs(由Look

12、!可知此句应用现在进行时态,故选A。)五、现在进行时态的特殊用法。1.有些动词如go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,work,sleep,stay,play,do,have,wear,die等的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。 Shes coming to see me tomorrow.她明天要来看我。2.不是所有的动词都可以用现在进行时。有一些表示状态、结果、感觉和感情的动词,如have(有),be(是),like(喜欢),know(知道),want(想要),think(认为),see(看见),hear(听见),forget(忘记)等,一般不用现

13、在进行时。【试题链接】Alice,would you mind not playing the guitar?I on the phone. Oh,sorry,mom. A.talked B.talk C.was talking D.am talking(句意:爱丽斯,请不要在这儿弹吉他,好吗?我在接电话。哦,对不起,妈妈。根据句意可推知爱丽斯的妈妈正在接电话,所以句子用现在进行时,故选D。)EXERCISES:一、选择填空。( )1.What are you doing?Im TV.A.watch B.watches C.to watch D.watching( )2.They listen

14、ing to a CD.They are cxercising.A.am not B.isnt C.arent D.be not( )3. Tom an English class now?A.Is;having B.Is;have C.Are;having D.Are;have( )4.Are you playing basketball?No,we .A.isnt B.arent C.not D.dont( )5.The Greens dinner now.A.is having B.are having C.be having D.having二、写出下列动词的现在分词。1.eat 2.

15、play 3.have 4.listen 5.do 6.study 7.write 8.shop 9.swim 10.run 11.see 12.watch e 14.go 15.put 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Listen!Who (sing)in the room?2. you (do)your homework now?3.They are playing football and he (run).4.Are you eating dinner at home?Yes,I (be)5.Jim,what you (do)in your room now?6.Look!Some

16、children (swim)in the swimming pool.7.Its twelve oclock.People (have)lunch.8.Sally (not read)a newspaper.She is writing a letter.9.What is your father doing?He (clean)his car.10. John (talk)to his friend?Yes,he is.四、根据汉语完成句子,每空一词。1.我们正在等2路公共汽车。 We the No.2 bus.2.罗斯在哪里?她正和朋友们在超市购物。 Wheres Rose?She in

17、 the supermarket with her friends.3.这些天他在做什么? What he these days?4.他没有在做饭,他在睡觉。 He ,he .5.看!是谁在扫教室? Look! the classroom?五、按要求句型转换。Li Lei and his friends are swimming in the swimming pool at four oclock in the afternoon.1.对Li Lei and hisfriends提问: 2.对are swimming提问: 3.对in the swimming pool提问: 4.对at four oclock提问: 5.改为否定句: 6.改为一般疑问句并作肯、否回答: 7.用often改为一般现在时: 8.改为祈使句的肯定句: -第 - 4 - 页-

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