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1、A2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, 2,3-DPG2,3-二磷酸甘油酸5-hydroxytryptamine receptor5-羟色胺受体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT五羟色胺A cyclosporin A环胞霉素A1 annexin A1膜联蛋白a11ergy变态反应abdominal distention腹胀abdominal pain腹痛acetylcholine Ach乙酰胆碱acetylcholine receptor，AchRAch受体Acid phosphatase, ACP酸性磷酸酶acid sensitive ionic chann
2、els ASICs酸敏感离子通道acid-base balance酸碱平衡acid-base disturbance酸碱平衡紊乱acid-base imbalance酸碱失衡actin肌动蛋白activated partial thromboplastin time APTT活化部分凝血活酶时间activation function 1，AF-1激活功能1activation function 2，AF-2激活功能2actual bicarbonate, AB实际碳酸氢盐acute phase protein急性期蛋白acute phase response急性期反应acute promyel
3、ocytic leukemia急性早幼粒细胞白血病acute psychogenic reaction急性心因性反应acute pulmonary edema急性肺水肿acute pulmonary injury, ALI急性肺损伤acute renal failure，ARF急性肾功能衰竭acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS急性呼吸窘迫综合征acute tubular necrosis，ATN急性肾小管坏死adapter protein适配体蛋白adaptor接头蛋白adaptor protein适配体蛋白adenylate cyclase AC
4、腺苷酸环化酶adhesion molecule黏附分子adipokines脂肪因子adiponectin脂联素adipose tissue,AT脂肪组织adjustment disorders适应障碍adrenalin肾上腺素adrenergic receptor肾上腺素能受体adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素adriamycin阿霉素advanced glycosylation end products, AGE 38 39高级糖基化终产物aflatoxin黄
5、曲霉毒素after depolarization后除极aging老化agonosia失认aheolar ventilation肺泡通气量alarm stage警觉期aldosterone醛固酮a-L-fucosidase，AFUa-L岩藻糖苷酶alignment of the chromosomes染色质联会alkylating agents烷化剂allelic heterogeneity等位异质性allelic loss等位基因丢失alpha-fetoprotein，AFP甲胎蛋白alternative pathway替代途径alternative splicing选择性剪接alternat
6、ive splicing，AS选择性剪接alveolar PCO2, PACO2肺泡气二氧化碳分压alveolar PO2，PAO2肺泡气氧分压Alzheimer disease, AD阿尔茨海默病a-Melanocyte stimulating hormone, a-MSH黑素细胞刺激素American College of Cardiology，ACC美国心脏病学会American Heart Association，AHA美国心脏协会ammonia氨中毒amplification of signal信号放大amygdala杏仁核amyloid precursor protein，ARP淀
7、粉样蛋白前体anaphase后期anaphylactic shock过敏性休克anaphylactoid purpura过敏性紫癜Anaplasma phagocytophilum嗜吞噬无形体anasarca全身性水肿anatomic shunt解剖分流angiogenin基因扩增angiotensin ，Ang 血管紧张素angiotensin ，Ang血管紧张素angiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE血管紧张素转化酶angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor，ACEI血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂anion gap, AG阴离子间隙
8、ankyrin锚蛋白annexin 2膜联蛋白2annexin-1膜联蛋白-1anorexia食欲不振anterior cingule cortex ACC大脑前扣带皮质antidiuretic hormone，ADH抗利尿激素antimetabolite血管生长素antiostain抗代谢药物antisense反义antithrombin III AT III抗凝血酶IIIanuia无尿aphasia失语aplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血apolipoprotein A1血管抑制素apoptosis凋亡apoptosis细胞凋亡apoptosis inducing factor，A
9、IF凋亡诱导因子apoptosome凋亡复合体apoptotic bodies凋亡小体apoptotic effector凋亡效应因子apoptotic lesion凋亡性损伤apoptotic protease activating factor，Apaf凋亡蛋白酶激活因子apraxia失用aquaporin,AQP水通道arachidonic acid AA花生四烯酸aralkylating agents载脂蛋白A1ARAS上行网状激动系统arcuate nucleus, ARC弓状核Arg-Gly-Asp，GRD芳烷化剂arginine vasopressin, AVP精氨酸加压素arg
10、inine，R精氨酸aromatic amino acids,AAA芳香族氨基酸arrhythmia心律失常arylhydroxylamines精-甘-天冬氨酸asbestos芳基异羟肟胺类ascending reticular activating system ARAS脑干上行网状激动系统ascending reticular inhibitory system ARIS上行网状抑制系统asymbolia for pain疼痛说示不能综合征asymmetric cell division细胞不对称分裂ata石棉ataxia and rad3 related，ATR共济失调毛细血管扩张症Ra
11、d3相关蛋白Ataxia telangiectasia，AT共济失调性毛细血管扩张症ataxia-telangiectasia，AT毛细血管扩张性共济失调症突变基因ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated，ATM毛细血管扩张性共济失调突变蛋白atherosclerosis，AS动脉粥样硬化athogenesis发病学ATLL T细胞白血病淋巴瘤ATP binding pocketATP结合口袋ATP receptorATP受体atrial natriuretic peptide ANP心房利尿钠肽autocrine motility factor，AMF自分泌运动因子auto
12、immune disease自身免疫性疾病automatic external defibrillator，AED自动体外除颤器automatic impulse自主性激动autophagic cell death自噬性细胞死亡autophagin自噬素autophagolysosome自噬溶酶体autophagosome，AP自噬体autophagy细胞自噬autophagy自噬autophagy自噬性程序性细胞死亡autophagy-related proteins，Atg细胞自噬相关蛋白autophosphorylation自主磷酸化azotemia氮质血症-lactalbumin-乳白
13、蛋白BB1 cyclin B1细胞周期蛋白bacterial translocation细菌移位BaP苯并芘base excess, BE碱剩余base excision repair，BER碱基切除修复baterial endotoxin细菌内毒素Bax-interacting factor 1，BIF-1Bax作用因子1B-cell lymphoma 2，Bcl-2B细胞淋巴瘤2Bcl-2 homology，BHBcl-2同源结构域beme oxygenase血红素加氧酶benign tumor良性肿瘤benzediazepine,BZ苯二氮卓Beta-amyloid，A-淀粉样蛋白bia
14、llelic二等位基因bi-allelie marker双等位标记big MAP kinase，BMK1大丝裂原活化蛋白激酶bilinogen enterohepatic circulation胆素原肠肝循环bilirubin胆红素bilirubin encephalopathy胆红素性脑病biliverdin reductase胆绿素还原酶biofeedback therapy生物反馈治疗bioinformatics生物信息学blebbing水泡化blood urea nitrogen，BUN血浆尿素氮bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells骨髓造血干细胞br
15、adykinin BK缓激肽brain derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF脑源神经营养因子brain stem脑干brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF脑源性神经营养因子branched-chain amino acids,BCAA支链氨基酸breakage-fusion-brige, BFB断裂-融合-桥breast cancer susceptibility gene C terminus，BRCT乳腺癌易感基因羧基末端结构域brown adipo棕色脂肪组织Brugada SyndromeBrugada综合征buffer
16、 base, BB缓冲碱Burkholderia pseudomallei类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌burn shoch烧伤性休克butyrolactone丁内酯bystander cell旁观者细胞2-Microglobulin，2M2-微球蛋白-amyloid precursor protein-淀粉样前体蛋白-amyloid protein-淀粉样蛋白-endorphin-内啡肽-lactams-内酰胺类CC cytochrome C，Cyto-C细胞色素C1-esterase inhibitorC1酯酶抑制物Ca2+ ionophoreCa2+离子载体cadherin钙离子依赖细胞黏附素cad
17、herins钙粘蛋白calcitonin ，CT降钙素calcitonin gene related protein CGRP降钙素基因相关蛋白calcium dyshomeostasis钙稳态失衡calcium leakCa2+泄漏calcium overload钙超载calcium paradox钙反常calcium transientCa2+瞬变calmodulin，CaM钙调蛋白calmodulin-dependent kinase II，CaMK II钙调蛋白依赖性激酶IIcalmodulin-dependent kinase，CaMK钙调蛋白依赖性激酶cancer癌症cancer
18、stem cells，CSC肿瘤干细胞capping protein加帽蛋白carbon dioxide narcosis二氧化碳麻醉carbon monoxide, CO一氧化碳carbonic anhydrase, CA碳酸酐酶carboxyhemoglobin, HbCO碳氧血红蛋白carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA癌胚抗原carcinogen致癌物cardiac asthma心源性哮喘cardiac edema心性水肿cardiac index，CI心脏指数cardiac insufficiency心功能不全cardiac output，CO心输出量cardiac
19、 resynchronization therapy，CRT心脏再同步治疗cardiogenic shock心源性休克carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1，CPT-1肉碱脂酰转移酶-1caspase半胱天冬酶caspase-like apoptosis regulatory protein，CLARP半胱天冬酶样凋亡调节蛋白Caspase-recruitment domain，CARD凋亡蛋白酶募集结构域catabolic process分解代谢过程catecholamine儿茶酚胺catecholamine,CA儿茶酚胺Catypical protein kin
20、ase C，aPKC非典型性蛋白激酶CDK inhibitor，CKICDK抑制因子CDK-activating kinase，CAKCDK活化激酶CEA癌胚抗原cell adhesion molecule，CAM细胞粘附分子cell cycle细胞周期Cell Damage细胞损伤cell differentiation细胞分化cell division细胞分裂cell division cycle 2，CDC2细胞分裂周期2cell pathology细胞病理学cell proliferation细胞增殖cell signaling细胞信号传递cell stress细胞应激cellular
21、 hydration细胞水合cellular oncogene细胞癌基因central nervous system CNS中枢神经系统central pain中枢性疼痛central venous pressure，CVP中心静脉压centrosome中心体cerebral cortex大脑皮层chaperokine伴侣因子chaperon mediated autophagy，CMA分子伴侣介导自噬checkpoint检测点chemokine趋化因子chemokine receptors趋化因子受体chemoprevention化学预防cholecystokinin CCK胆囊收缩素cho
22、line acetyl transferase ChAT胆碱乙酰基转移酶chondroitin sulfate硫酸软骨素chromatin body染色质小体chromosomal aberration染色体畸变chromosomal instability，CIN染色体不稳定chromosome instability染色体不稳定性chronic bronchitis慢性支气管炎chronic inflammationsyndrome慢性炎症综合征chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronic renal failure，
23、CRF慢性肾功能衰竭ciliary neurotrophic factor CNTF睫状神经营养因子ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF睫状神经营养因子circulatory hypoxia循环性缺氧cirrhosis of liver肝硬化cis-acting element顺式作用元件cis-acting element顺式作用元件cis-regulatory module顺式调节模块c-Jun N terminal kinase，JNKc-Jun N端蛋白激酶class I PI3K proteinI类PI3K蛋白clot血凝块cluster集簇coacti
24、vator共激活因子coagulation凝血Coding-region SNPs，cSNPs基因编码区SNPscognitive appraisal认知评价cognitive disorder，cognitive handicap认知障碍cold inducible RNA-binding protein寒冷诱导RNA结合蛋白cold sensitive neuron冷敏神经元cold shock冷休克cold shock protein冷休克蛋白cold shock response冷休克反应cold stress冷应激collagen胶原collagenases胶原酶coma昏迷comp
25、ensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome, CARS代偿性抗炎反应综合征compensatory stage of shock休克代偿期complement,C补体complete recovery完全康复complex multisite variants复合性多位点变异concentric hypertrophy向心性肥大confusion意识模糊congestive hypoxia淤血性缺氧conjugated bilirubin结合胆红conscious disturbance意识障碍consciousness意识constipation
26、便秘constitutive expression基础表达content of consciousness意识内容contraction alkalosis浓缩性碱中毒copy number variant, CNV 。拷贝数目变异copy number variation，CNVs拷贝数变异Core temperature核心温度co-receptor辅受体分子corepressor共遏蛋白cornu dorsale medullae spinalis脊髓背角cornu posterius medullae spinalis脊髓后角corticostriatal loop皮层-纹状体环路co
27、rticotrophin releasing hormone, CRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素Coxiella burnetii贝氏柯克斯体Coxsackie virus柯萨奇病毒CpG island methylator phenotype，CIMPCpG岛甲基化表型CpG islandsCpG岛c-reactive proteinC-反应蛋白C-reactive protein，CRPC-反应蛋白cross-bridge横桥cross-talk交叉对话cryotherapy冷冻疗法cSNP synonymous cSNP同义cSNPs non-synonymous cSNP非同义C-ter
28、minal domain，CTDC-端结构域cyanosis发绀cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP环磷酸腺苷cyclic GMP，cGMP环磷酸鸟苷cyclin周期素cyclin-dependent kinase complex周期素依赖性激酶复合物cyclin-dependent kinase，CDK依赖周期素激酶cyclin-dependent protein kinase 4，CDK4细胞周期素依赖性激酶4Scyclooxygenase环加氧酶cyclooxygenase COX环氧合酶cycloxygenase, COX环加氧酶cysteine-c
29、ontaining aspartate-specific protease，Caspase凋亡蛋白酶cystic fibrosis纤维囊性变cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator，CFTR囊性纤维化转膜传导调节因子cytochrome P450 monooxygenase细胞色素P450单氧合酶cytoglobin，CGb胞红蛋白cytokine细胞因子cytokine cascade细胞因子级联反应cytoplasmic death细胞浆性细胞死亡cytoplasmic receptor胞浆受体cytoplasm-to-vacu
30、ole targeting pathway，CVT囊泡靶向通路-aminobutyric acid ,GABA-氨基丁酸-aminobutyric acid A receptor，GABAR-氨基丁酸受体Ddanger signal危险信号data mining信息分析D-dimerD-二聚体de novo synthesis重新合成dead space like ventilation死腔样通气dead space volume, VD生理性死腔量death domain，DD死亡结构域death effector domain，DED死亡效应结构域death-inducing signal
31、ing complex，DISC死亡诱导信号复合体decompensatory stage of shock休克失代偿期decorticated state去大脑皮质状态decoy protein陷阱蛋白defensin防御素defervesence peroid体温下降期degradation降解degradative autophagic vacuole，AVd降解性细胞自噬体delayed afterdepolarization，DAD延迟后除极delayed psychogenic reaction延迟性心因性反应delayed repolarization延迟复极deletion缺失
32、deletions缺失delirium瞻妄状态denaturation变性dermatan sulfate硫酸皮肤素desmin，DM肌间线蛋白Di George综合征先天性胸腺发育不全diabetes mellitus糖尿病diabetes，DM糖尿病diabetic nephropathy, DN糖尿病肾病diacylglycerol DAG甘油二酯diacylglycerol，DAG甘油二酯diarrhea腹泻diastolic heart failure舒张性心力衰竭differential expression差异表达differentiated cell分化细胞diffusion
33、impairment弥散障碍dimer二聚体direct-acting carcinogen直接作用致癌物disase-modifying genes疾病修饰基因disease疾病disease Gene Network，DGN疾病基因网络disease-associated gene相关基因disease-Disease Gene Network疾病和疾病基因网络disorder of absorption吸收不良disorder of digestion消化障碍disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC弥散性血管内凝血distress劣性应激DMB
34、A二甲基苯并蒽DNA damage checkpointDNA损伤检测点DNA fragmentationDNA片段化DNA methyltransferase，DNMTDNA甲基转移酶DNA protein kinase，DNA-PKDNA蛋白激酶DNA repair geneDNA修复基因DNA-binding domain，DBDDNA结合结构域DNA-dependent protein kinase依赖性蛋白激酶domain结构域dominant negative mutation显性负突变dopamine, DA多巴胺double acid-base disturbance二重酸碱平
35、衡紊乱double FYVE domain-containing protein 1，DFCP1双FYVE结构域蛋白1DSB双链断裂duplications重复Dynamic Electrocardiography，DCG动态心电图dynamic mutation动态突变dynorphin DYN强啡肽dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract胃肠道功能障碍:dysoxidative hypoxia氧利用障碍性缺氧dyspnea呼吸困难dyspnea on exertion劳力性呼吸困难Eearly afterdepolarization，EAD早期后除极ecc
36、entric hypertrophy离心性肥大edema水肿edema水肿effector执行者EF-handEF手ejection fraction，EF射血分数elastin弹性蛋白elastin弹性蛋白embryonic lineage胚细胞系emergence reaction紧急反应endocytotic pathway内吞途径endogenous pyrogen, EP内生致热原endoplasmic reticulum stress内质网应激endoplasmic reticulum stress, ER Stress内质网应激endoplasmic reticulum，ER内质
37、网endosome内质体endostain内抑素endothelial cell，EC内皮细胞endothelial nitric oxide synthase，eNOS内皮一氧化氮合成酶endothelin，ET-1内皮素-1endothelium leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 ELAM-1内皮细胞-白细胞粘附分子-1endotoxic shock内毒素休克endotoxin translocation内毒素移位endotoxin, ET内毒素end-stage renal disease，ESRD终末期肾病engorgement of neck vein颈静脉
38、怒张enhancer增强子enkephalin ENK脑腓肽enterogenous cyanosis肠源性紫绀environment determinants环境决定子epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR表皮生长因子受体epidermal growth factor，EGF表皮生长因子epigenetic modification表观修饰epigenetic variation ：表观遗传变异Epigenetics表观遗传学epinephrine, E肾上腺素EPO receptor，EPOR促红细胞生成素受体equal pressure point等压
39、点ER stress response element内质网应激反应元件ER-Golgi intermediate compartment，ERGIC内质网-高尔基氏器中间体erythropoietin, EPO促红细胞生成素erythropoietin，EPO促红细胞生成素erythropoitin, EPO促红细胞生成素esterified bilirubin酯型胆红素etiocholanolone本胆烷醇酮euglobulin lysis time ELT优球蛋白溶解时间eustress良性应激euthanasia安乐死evidence-based medicine EBM循证医学exc
40、ision repair切除修复execution of apoptosis凋亡执行execution of death执行凋亡exhaustion stage衰竭期exotoxins外毒素experimental pathology实验病理学experimental physiology实验生理学expiratory dyspnea呼气性呼吸困难extra-cellular domain细胞外结构域extracellular fluid ECF细胞外液extracellular heat shock protein细胞外热休克蛋白extracellular matrix, ECM细胞外基质e
41、xtracellular signal?regulated kinase，ERK细胞外信号调节激酶extrinsic inducer外源性诱导因素exudate渗出液FFADD-like interleukin-1-converting enzyme，FLICEFADD样白介素-1转换酶false neurotransmitter假性神经递质familial erythrocytosis家族性红细胞增多症familial polyposis coli，FPC家族性结肠息肉病farnesoid X receptor，FXR法呢醇X受体Fas-associated death domain，FAD
42、DFas相关联死亡结构域Fas-associated death domain，FADDFas相关死亡结构域fast excitatory post-synaptic potential快兴奋性突触后电位fate determinant，FD命运决定子fatty streak脂纹febrile ceiling热限feed-back反馈fervescence period体温上升期fetal antigen胚胎性抗原fever发热fibrin / fibrinogen degradation product FDP/FgDP纤维蛋白原降解产物fibrin Fbn纤维蛋白fibrin monome
43、r FM纤维蛋白单体fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products, FDPs纤维蛋白原降解产物Fibrinogen Fbg纤维蛋白原fibroblast growth factor，FGF成纤维细胞生长因子fibroblast growth factor，FGF成纤维细胞生长因子fibronectin纤维连接蛋白fibronectin，FN纤连蛋白fibronectin，FN纤维连接蛋白fight or flight格斗或逃避filtration fraction FF肾小球滤过分数fixed acid固定酸FLICE-inhibitory protein，FLIPFLIC