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1、二十六选择性必修第二册Unit 5 First Aid(限时60分钟)i.阅读理解AEducational programs often use fear-based messaging and films of crash scenes to reduce risky driving behavior among young people. But does this scary” approach work? A new study suggests that fear-based messaging fails to reduce risky driving behavior, whil
2、e fear-based Virtual Reality (VR) films showing a violent collision may actually lead young drivers to take more chances behind the wheel.A team of psychologists in Belgium conducted a study of 146 students who had been legally driving for less than five years. The researchers examined the impact of
3、 both content (fear VS positive) and delivery mode (2D VS VR) of driver safety intervention programs.By showing a serious consequence such as death, fear-based driver education films attempt to arouse a sense of fear and persuade young people to drive more carefully. Positively framed films take the
4、 opposite approach, using humor and modeling safe driving behaviors that result in positive consequences.Three tests were used to analyze the risk-taking behavior of the young drivers before and after participating in the intervention program. One was a questionnaire. Another was a test on traffic,
5、which asks participants to watch video clips of driving situations and choose whether they view a situation as too risky, for example, choosing whether to pass another car in icy conditions. A third test was used to measure the level of emotional arousal (such as feeling afraid) after watching a fil
6、m.The results showed that participants who viewed the fear-based VR film reported riskier driving behaviors afterward, while those who viewed a positively framed VR film exhibited the greatest reduction in risky driving behavior. This finding supports other research that has shown that exposing part
7、icipants to an extreme collision tends to activate defensive mechanisms, such aspaying attention for a shorter time, disengaging, rejecting a message, and an increase in risky behaviors.“Fear appeals have been used in many health and environmental campaigns, such as smoking and anti-drug, “ says Dr.
8、 Cutello of the research team. Further experimental research is needed to determine whether the use of fear is effective.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，基于恐惧的信息和撞车场景的司机教育项目并不能减少危险的驾驶行为，实际上可能会导致年轻司机在驾驶时更冒险。文章主要介绍 了这项研究开展的过程以及发现。1. What is the new study about?A. VRs application on driving education.B. Young dri
9、vers risky driving behaviors.C. The deadly consequence of violent crashes.D. The effect of drivers9 educational programs.【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这项新研究是关于司机教育计划的效果。故 选D。2. Why were participants asked to watch video clips in the second test?A. To assess driving emotions.B. To judge driving behaviors.C. T
10、o gain driving competence.D. To keep safe driving in mind.【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据第四段中第三句可知，参与者在第二次测试中被要求观看 视频剪辑是为了判断驾驶行为。故选B。3. Which was the result of the fear-based VR film in the study?A. Drivers show fewer risky behaviors.B. Drivers were less able to focus long.C. Drivers were unwilling to cooperate.D.
11、Drivers became more open to advice.【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，研究中基于恐惧的虚拟现实电影的结果 是司机不能较长时间集中注意力。故选B。4. What does Dr. Cutello,s words suggest?A. More research should be conducted.B. Fear-based education shouldnt be used.C. The result of his research is unconvincing.D. The use of fear education has been cu
12、t down.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，Cutello博士的话暗示了应该进 行更多的研究。故选A。B（2022.台州模拟）As flood waters drown the New South Wales mid-north coast, residents are hurriedly taking whatever is still undamaged and preparing for the rising tide.Horses and livestock were seen floating along rivers and washing up on be
13、aches on Sunday, as the region faced a once in a lifetime flood.Greg Cox, who lives in Raymond Terrace north of Newcastle, was watching the water slowly rise around his property on Sunday morning. I think it could get a whole lot worse before it gets any better,99 he said. Its pouring rain here now,
14、 and its predicted to keep that up in the next 48 hours. “Its devastating. Our whole backyard is underwater, Ive never ever seen anything like this, and I was speaking to my landlord today and he also said hed never seen anything like this before.Alistair Flower, a businessman and hotel owner told G
15、uardian Australia he and his staff had been working hard to protect one of his places.“Weve seen that the water is rising, and unfortunately the flooding has gotten into the basement and the bottle shop, he said. “Weve been able to pump some water out, but it felt like a bit of a losing battle at ti
16、mes. Talking to a lot of regulars, they tell us this has surpassed the last great flood in the 60s. I think this has surpassed everything. I went out to our jettyS马头）, and looked back on our neighbor, and it looked like a cow had floated down the river.Thankfully, they had a pool, which doesnt have
17、a fence line in front of it, allowing the cow to come in.”The loss of livestock has been so great that a Facebook group has been established to help people find their lost animals.【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了一场前所未见的大暴雨袭击了新南威尔士州中 北海岸，很多房子被淹，家畜被淹死。5. What can you know from the first two paragraphs?A. Many peo
18、ple drowned in it.B. The whole country is affected.C. It killed many farm animals.D. The tide has been falling.【解析】选c。推理判断题。根据第二段中（马和牲口漂浮在河流上，而且周日的时候有的还 被冲到岸上，这个地区正面临一场前所未见的洪水。）可知，由于洪水，死了很多农场里的动 物。故选C。6. Whats Coxs opinion about the flood?A. Its getting better and better.B. It wont stop rising in tw
19、o days.C. Luckily its not the worst.D. It also brings some benefits.【解析】选Bo推理判断题。根据第三段中Cox说的话“Ifs pouring rain here now, and ifs predicted to keep that up in the next 48 hours.（现在外面仍然下得很大，而且预计未来48小时内 不会停。）”可知,Cox认为两天内水位不会下降。故选B。B. Decreasing.D. Disastrous.7. What does the underlined word mean? A. Mi
20、ld.C. Dull.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线词后“Our whole backyard is underwater, Fve never ever seen anything like this.（我们整个后院都被淹了，我从来没见过这么大的雨 ）”可知，这次 降雨是很严重的，灾难性的。devastating”意思是灾难性的，故选D。8. What can you infer about Alistair Flowers fight against the flood?A. There is more water than they can manage.B. He stopped
21、the water getting into the basement.C. He fought with the help of a Facebook group.D. He was desperate and gave up at times.【解析】选Ao推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Wee been able to pump some water out, but it felt like a bit of a losing battle at times.（我们能把一些水抽出来，但是总感觉这是一场失败的 战斗。）”可知，水实在太多抽不完。故选A。II.完形填空（2022.保定模拟）I
22、was at the post office a few weeks ago. I was being while an old man with obviously significant 2 problems was also trying to pay his electricity bill next to me. He was 3 to walk with a walking stick, and his hands were 4 all the time. It looked as if he were going to fall. I found the old man was
23、in 5 for lack of 20 cents!The lady behind the counter had the old man in such a state further 620 cents. Hesearched his pocket, shaking violently and 7 looking upset. But instead of leting the man go, she 8 that if his bill wasnt going to be paid in full, the electricity company would probably give
24、a 9 on his next electricity bill for the 10 fee. It meant he would pay more the next time.I was 11 to have heard that and the scene really made me upset. So I went over and asked the cashier to give all of the money back to the old man and then paid the 12 for him. The old man was 13 and said, “Its
25、very kind of you. But why were you doing this? ”I said, Because it was the right thing to do, He thanked me over and over and smiled at me on his way out of the post office.The 14 part in all of the event was that the old man walked straight to a supermarket and purchased a basket of food, which he
26、wouldnt have been able to afford if I had not got 15 at the post office.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在邮政局办业务，遇到一位年老体弱的老人交电费。老人因为缺少20美分而陷入窘境。作者见状，替老人支付了全部费用。1. A. accompaniedB. servedC. comfortedD. doubted【解析】选Bo句意：我正在接受服务，而在我旁边一位明显有严重健康问题的老人也在尝试 支付电费。根据“I was at the post office a few weeks ago. ”可以判断，作者正在邮局里接受服
27、务。 故选B项。2. A. disciplineB. attitudeC. healthD. communication【解析】选C。根据“He was to walk with a walking stick, and his hands were allthe time. ”可以推测，老人有健康问题。故选C项。3. A. strugglingB. claiming C. hesitating D. threatening【解析】选A。句意：他拄着拐杖艰难地走着，双手一直在颤抖。根据to walk with a walking stick”可以推测，老人走路很艰难。故选A项。4. A. bl
28、eedingB. relaxingC. drawingD. trembling【解析】选Do根据上文提到老人有健康问题可推测，老人的手应该是在颤抖。故选D项。5. A. fieldB. troubleC. debateD. request【解析】选B。句意：我发现这位老人因为缺少20美分而陷入困境。根据for lack of 20 cents” 可以推测，老人应该是陷入了困境。故选B项。6. A. dealing withB. arguing about C. giving up D. seeking for【解析】选Do句意：柜台后面的那位女士让那位老人在这种情况下再找20美分。deal w
29、ith 处理;argue about 争论;give up 放弃;seek for 寻找。根据下句中“He searched his pocket”可知， 此处表示让老人再找20美分。故选D项。7. A. gratefullyB. apparently C. brieflyD. scarcely【解析】选B。句意：他搜了搜衣袋，剧烈地颤抖着，显然看起来很不安。根据本句中“shaking violently”及“looking upset”可以推测，老人显然看起来很不安。故选B项。8. A. wroteB. promised C. insistedD. inquired【解析】选Co句意：但她并
30、没有放他走，而是坚持说，如果他家的电费不能全部付清，电力 公司可能会因为未支付费用，在他的下一次电费账单上罚款。根据if his bill wasnt going to be paid in full, the electricity company would probably give a on his next electricity bill forthe fee. ”可知，此处表示女士坚持告知老人相关信息。故选C项。9. A. callB. fineC. discount D. favour【解析】选B。根据上一题内容并结合生活常识可知，女士表示如果不付清电费，将会被罚款。 故选B项
31、。10. A. unpaidB. uninformedC. negotiated D. earned【解析】选Ao根据“if his bill wasnt going to be paid in full”可知，罚款是由于未及时缴纳全部 费用产生的。故选A项。11. A. confused B. pleasedC. sorry D. curious【解析】选c。句意：听到这个消息我很抱歉，这一幕真的让我很难过。confused困惑的;pleased 高兴的;sorry抱歉的;curious好奇的。根据“the scene really made me upset”可知，作者对这一 场景感到很抱
32、歉。故选C项。12. A. punishment B. rentC. prize D. bill【解析】选Do考查词义辨析。句意：所以我走过去，让收银员把所有的钱还给老人，然后为 他付了账。punishment 惩罚；rent 租金 prize 奖品；bill 账单。根据“So I went over and asked the cashier to give all of the money back to the old man and then paid the fbr him. ”可知， 作者替老人付了账单。故选D项。13. A. sillyB. proudC. embarrassed
33、 D. moved【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。句意：老人很感动，说:“你真是太好了。但你为什么要这样做 呢？ silly愚蠢的;proud骄傲的;embarrassed尴尬的;moved感动的。根据老人说的话“It飞very kind of you. But why were you doing this? ”可知，老人很感动。故选 D 项。14. A. awful B. concreteC. bestD. saddest【解析】选co考查词义辨析。句意：整个事件中最美好的部分是这位老人径直走到一家超 市，买了一篮子食物，如果我没有插手在邮局发生的事，他是买不起这些东西的。awful糟糕 的;
34、concrete具体的、实在的;best最好的;saddest最悲伤的。根据“which he wouldnt have been able to afford if I had not got at the post office”可知，老人用作者替他省下来的钱买了一篮子食物，这是最美好的部分。故选C项。15. A. involved B. infectedC. stuck D. lost【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。句意同上。involve参与;infect感染;stick粘贴;lose丢失。根 据句意可知，作者假设如果自己没有插手这件事，老人是买不起食物的。故选A项。III.读后续写Dee
35、p in the forest, my husband and I had fun climbing over and crawling under the trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill. When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen our spirits. Not once did we say, “Lets turn around. This
36、 was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike, yet we were already walking a long distance. Our light-heartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot witho
37、ut our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced. I realized we were lost in a national park that did not officially open for another week.Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness. This did not
38、comfort me. In fact, it heightened my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cell-phone signal in this isolated（偏僻的）area.It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower.
39、 With each step on the road, my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.My vision sharpened. I noticed everything around me: the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For t
40、he first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet with a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on. 注意：续写词数应为
41、150左右。My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance.Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello. ”【参考范文】My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time we found ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to f
42、ind such a building in the middle of nowhere. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read: Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopele
43、ssly, wondering what to do next.Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, Hello. I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted out, Were lost! ” She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us with hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience.