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1、2012年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）全真模拟试题（一）第1局部：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线局部确定1个意义最为接近的选项1. He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy source. A. stated firmly B. argued light-mindedly C. thought seriously D. announced regretfully 2. The proposal provoked widespre
2、ad criticism. A. demanded B. elicited C. extracted D. defied 3. Other peoples houses always fascinated her A. intrigued B. infected C. inclined D. inconvenienced 4. We hope the factions will be able to settle their differences by peaceful means. A. determine B. solve C. unite D. complete 5. A short
3、opening paragraph enables the reader to quickly grasp what the article is about. A. give B. attach C. understand D. lose 6. They took effective measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth. A. hold B. increase C. expect D. offer7. Shes an eternal optimist. A. everlasting B. long C. temporary D
4、. boring 8. We dont want staff to duplicate each others work. A. borrow B. purchase C. rewrite D. copy 9. Marys perpetual moaning drove me crazy. A. monotonous B. endless C. serious D. bitter 10. The bolts met all the engineering specifications. A. expressions B. warnings C. instructions D. advertis
5、ements 11. I have adhered strictly to the rules . A. follow B. order C. prove D. handle 12. She tried to make up for her shabby treatment of him. A. old B. forgetful C. funny D. unfair 13. It really irritates me when he doesnt help around the house. A. annoys B. troubles C. threatens D. arouses 14.
6、Mac wasnt mature enough to resist the lure of drink and drugs. A. simplicity B. power C. rigor D. attraction 15. The meaning of the poem has always been a puzzle. A. mystery B. mist C. fog D. secret 第2局部：阅读推断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）下面短文后列出了7个句子，请依据短文的内容对每个句子作出推断：假如该句供应的是正确的信息，请选择A；假如该句供应的是错误的信息，请选择B；假如该句的
7、信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Image Martian Dust Particles NASAs Phoenix Mars Lander has taken its first-ever picture of a single particle of rusty Martian dust with one of its microscopes. The dust particles of dust was shown at a higher magnification than anything outside of the Earth that has been imaged before
8、. The rounded particle measured only about one micrometer, or one millionth of a meter, across. Taking this image required the highest resolution microscope operated off Earth and a specially designed device to hold the Martian dust,” said Tom Pike, a phoenix science team member from Imperial Colleg
9、e London. “ We always knew it was going to be technically very challenging to image particles this small.” The device that imaged the dust speck is called an atomic force microscope, which maps the shape of particles in three dimensions by scanning them with a sharp tip at the end of a spring. The a
10、tomic force microscope can detail the shape of particles as small as about 100 nanometers. And this wont be the last dust particle that Phoenix will image. “After this first success, were now working on building up a portrait gallery of the dust on Mars.” Pike said. Dust exists everywhere on Mars, c
11、oating the surface and giving it its rusty red color. Dust partials also color the Martian sky pink and feed storms that regularly envelope the planet. The ultra-fine dust is the medium that actively links gases in the Martian atmosphere to processes in Martian soil, so it is critically important to
12、 understanding Mars environment, the researchers said. The $420-million phoenix mission is analyzing the dust and subsurface ice layers of Mars artic regions to look for signs of potential past habitability. The particle seen in the atomic force microscope image was part of a sample scooped by the r
13、obotic arm from the “Snow White” trench and delivered to Phoenixs microscope station in early July. 16.The dust particle on Mars is the small particle that has been imaged outside of Earth. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. Using the same technology, we have also measured the size of particles
14、on the moon and Jupiter.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. Scientists use the highest resolution microscope to watch and record the image of Martian particles on earth. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Tom Pike said that they used to think it was no easy job to image such small particles.A
15、. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. An electronic device has been developed to measure the weight of certain Martian particles.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. After collecting the last Martian dust particle, the scientists have started to build up a portrait gallery of it.A. Right B. Wrong
16、C. Not mentioned 22. The Phoenixs robotic arm collected the Martian dust particles for analysis on Mars. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第3局部：概括大意及完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8 分）下面的短文有2项测试任务：（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Heartbeat of America1 New Yorkthe Statue o
17、f Liberty，the skyscrapers，the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue and the many theaters on Broadway. This is Americas cultural capital. It is also her biggest city, with a population of nearly 8 million. In the summer it is hot，hot，hot and in the winter it Can be very cold. Still there are hundreds of t
18、hings to do and see all the year round.2 Manhattan is the real center of the city. When people say “New York City,” they usually mean Manhattan. Most of the interesting shops, buildings and museums are here. In addition, Manhattan is the scene of New Yorks busy night life. In 1605 the first European
19、s came to Manhattan from Holland. They bought the island from the Native Americans for a few glass necklaces worth about $26 today.3 Wall Street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA. It is also the most important banking center in the world. It is a street of “skyscrapers”. These are those
20、 incredible，high buildings，which Americans invented，and built faster and higher than anyone else. Perhaps the two most spectacular skyscrapers in New York are the two towers of the New York World Trade Center. When the sun sets, their 110 floors shine like pure gold.4 Like every big city, New York h
21、as its own traffic system（有自己的交通设施）. Traffic jams can be terrible. Its usually quickest to go by subway. The New York subway is easy to use and quite cheap. The subway goes to almost every comer of Manhattan. But it is not safe to take the subway late at night because in some places you could get ro
22、bbed. New York buses are also easy to use. You see more if you go by bus. There are more than 30，000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see, because they are bright yellow and carry large TAXI signs. Taxis do not go outside the city. However, they will go to the airports. In addition to the taxi fa
23、re, people give the taxi driver a tip of 15 percent of the fares value.5 Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New Yorks concrete desert. It is surprisingly big, with lakes and woods，as well as organized recreation areas. New Yorkers love Central Park，and they use it all the time.
24、 In the winter, they go iceskating，and in the summer rollerskating. They play ball，ride horses and have picnics. They go bicycling and boating. There is even a childrens zoo, with wild birds and animals.6 Along the east side of Central Park runs Fifth Avenue, once called “Millionaires Row（百万富翁营）.” I
25、n the 19th century, the richest men in America built their magnificent homes here. It is still the most fashionable street in the city, with famous department stores.7 Broadway is the street where you will find New Yorks best-known theaters. But away from the bright lights and elegant clothes of Bro
26、adway are many smaller theaters. Their plays are called “off-Broadway” and are often more unusual than the Broadway shows. As well as many theaters，New York has a famous opera house. This is the Metropolitan，where international stars sing from September until April. Carnegie Hall is the citys more p
27、opular concert hall. But night life in New York offers more than classical music and theater. There are hundreds of nightclubs where people go to eat and dance.23. Paragraph 3_24. Paragraph 4_25. Paragraph 5_26. Paragraph 6_A The Financial Center of USA（美国金融中心）B The Night Life in New York（纽约夜生活）C Th
28、e Traffic Facilities of New York（纽约交通设施）D Shopping Center for the Rich（富人的购物中心）E New YorkAn International City（纽约一座国际化的大都市）F Central ParkA Place of Recreation for the New Yorkers（中央公园纽约人消遣的地方）27. The island of Manhattan was bought by the Hollanders from the native Americans_28. Central Park is a goo
29、d place where the New Yorkers can go and_29. Fifth Avenue is the place_30. For those play-lovers who are interested in what is unusual，the small theaters might be more attractive_A. do whatever they like for relaxation B where you can play all kinds of ball gamesC than the world famous BroadwayD enj
30、oy the colorful night life of the cityE where the wealthy people would go shoppingF for what seems to be a very small sum today第4局部：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请依据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang UP or Keep TalkingMillions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it
31、is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communicationhaving a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some
32、 health professionals worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say tha
33、t there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phone Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment. In one case, a travel
34、ing salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor
35、 blamed his mobile phone use, but his employers doctor didnt agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they sa
36、y tha amount is too small to worry about.As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and conv
37、enient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phone may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often.31. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that. A. theyre popular.B. theyre cheap.C. theyre us
38、eful.D. theyre convenient.32. The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by. A. curedB. removed.C. discoveredD. caused33. The salesman retired young because _. A. he disliked using mobile phones.B. he was tired of talking on his mobile phone.C. he couldnt remember simple tasksD. his e
39、mployers doctor persuaded him to.34. On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies _. A. deny the existence of mobile phone radiation B. develop new technology to reduce mobile radiation C. try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health D. hold that the amount of radia
40、tion is too small to worry about 35. The writers purpose of writing this article is to advise people _. A. to buy mobile phones B. to update regular phones C. to use mobile phones less often D. to stop using mobile phones 第二篇A Small but Mighty TelescopeOn December14，NASA blasted a small but mighty t
41、elescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Dont let its small size fool you: WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some of the wildest objects in the unknown universe, including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies
42、 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born. “Im very excited because were going to be seeing parts of the universe that we havent seen before,” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project. Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth, held by
43、gravity in a polar orbit. Its camera is pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky. The pictures taken by WISE wont be like everyday digital photographs, howeve
44、r. WISE stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer.” As its name suggests, the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation. Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light that becomes visible in a rainbow, is an ex
45、ample of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree, it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens, they are processed by the camera, which then puts the image together. Waves of infrared radiation
46、 are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras dont see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin. Thats a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes cant.
47、Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float through space but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They dont reflect light, so theyre difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids. Brown dwarfs are another kind of deep-space