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1、形容词一 .定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。二. 形容词的作用，见下表：作 用例 句定 语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.表 语Your coat is too small.宾语补足语The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.留意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如：Dont wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alon
2、e.形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如：Youd better tell us something interesting.The police found nothing strange in the room.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后依次是： 1）冠词或人称代词 2）数词 3）性质 4）大小 5）形态 6）表示老少，新旧 7）颜色 8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用处。例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房
3、子里。The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个美丽的中国盘子。形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。例如：The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应当好好照看老人。The rich never help the poor in this count
4、ry.在这个国家，富人从来不扶植穷人。形容词短语做定语时要后置。如：They are the students easy to teach.他们是很简洁较的学生。We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Did you see anybody else你看到别的人了吗？三以-ly结尾的形容词 1） 大局部形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：（错） Sh
5、e sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。 The Times is a weekly paper. 时代周刊为周刊。 The Times is published weekly. 时代周刊每周发行一期。 副词定义: 副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他构造。 二. 副词的位置 :
6、 1） 在实义动词之前。 2） 在be动词、助动词之后。 3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 留意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提早，以使句子平衡。例如： We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清晰地看到前面有惊奇的光。 b. 方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。例如： He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。 三. 副词的排列依次： 1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连
7、接。例如： Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些，细致一些 3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 留意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：（错）I very like English. （对）I like English very much. 留意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如： I dont know him well enough. 他我不熟识。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。 四. 兼
8、有两种形式的副词 1） close与closely close意思是近；closely 意思是细致地。例如： He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。 2） late 与lately late意思是晚；lately 意思是最近。例如： You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately 近来好吗？ 3） deep与deeply deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。例如： He pushed the sti
9、ck deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。 Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4） high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。例如： The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。 5） wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在很多地方。例如： He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。 E
10、nglish is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛运用。 6） free与freely free的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地。例如： You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。五各种类型副词的位置英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽一样，它的位置比拟敏捷。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法：多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如：We are living happily.我们华蜜的生活着。He runs slowly
11、.他跑的很慢。时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如：They went to the park yesterday morning.昨天上午他们去公园了。I heard him sing English songs over there.我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。He drove the jeep carefully.他当心地开着吉普。留意： 有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。如：Yesterday I got up late.昨天我起床很晚。频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前如：He is seldom ill. 他很少生病。 You mus
12、t always remember this.你肯定要记住这一点。 I often write to my parents.我常常写信给父母。 Do you usually go to school on foot.你常常走路去上学？ He has never been to Beijing.他从来没有去过北京。留意：有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。如：Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词一样，修饰形容
13、词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如：Thats quite early.那很早。 I nearly missed the bus.我几乎错过了公交车。She did rather badly.她干得相当糟。否认副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如：She seldom goes out at night.她晚上很少出门。 I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。We had hardly got to the station when the train left.火车分开时，我们差不多/几乎到了车站。疑问副词放在特别疑问句的句首。如：When c
14、an you come你什么时候来？How many days are there in a month一个月有多少天？What are you going to do when you grow up长大以后，你准备干什么？Where were you born你是在那里诞生的？Why didnt he come他为什么没有来？同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.明天会议将在教室里实行。He watched TV in his room last night.他作晚在房间
15、里看电视。They arrived in Beijing at 8 oclock last evening.他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.形容词副词练习一根底练习1. If I had, I would visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.A.
16、 a long enough holiday B. an enough long holidayC. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough2. These oranges taste. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard.A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice4. I would be, i
17、f you could give me an early reply.A. pleasant B. grateful C. satisfied D. helpful5. Those T-shirts are usually 35 each, but today they have a (an)price of 19 in the shopping center. A. regular B. special C. cheap D. ordinary6. Mr Smith bought apurse for his wife.A. small black leather B. black leat
18、her small C. small leather black D. black small leather7. How was your job interview Oh, I couldnt feel. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.A. better B. Easier C. worse D. happier8. Long jing tea, Jasmine tea and Wu yi tea are all famous,but which do you thinkA. tastes
19、 best B. smells most C. sounds best D. drinks mostly9. Can Li Hua help me with my English I regret to tell you her English isyours.A. as good as B. no more than C. no better than D. as much as10. Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like himfor it.A. not so much B. not so little C. n
20、o more D. no less11. When they came in, Mr Harrislike a baby.Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest.A. fell asleep B. was sound asleep C. got asleep D. went to sleep12. This year they have produced grain they did last year.A. as less； as B. as few； as C. less； than D.
21、 fewer； than13. Can I help you Well, Im afraid the box isheavy for you,but thank you all the same.A. so B. much C. Very D. too14. How did you find your visit to the museum I thoroughly enjoy it. It wasthan I expected.A. far more interesting B. even much interestingC. so far interesting D. a lot much
22、 interesting15. Would you like some wine Yes, just.A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit16. It takes a long time to go there by train； its by road.A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker17. If there were no examinations, we should haveat school. A. the happiest time B. a more
23、happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time18. Im surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)trick.A. ordinary B. Easy C. smart D. simple19. The salesman showed her several bags and she choseone as she didnt want to spend too much money on it.A. the less expensive B. less e
24、xpensive C. the least expensive D. least expensive20. box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.A. So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a二进步练习1. To plant the tree, we must dig _.A. a three feet deep hole B. three-foot-deep a holeC. a hole three feet deep D. a three-feet-deep hole2. I t
25、hink he is one of the best men youve _ found.A.never B. already C. ever D. once3. _ the boys grown! He is almost _ his father.A. What, as tall as B. What, taller than C. How, as tall as D. How, taller than4. I havent got _ nails to mend the cupboard. I need another three of them.A. enough big B. big
26、 enough C. much bigger D. many enough5. Henry knows little of physics _ of chemistry.A. as well as B. no less than C. and still more D. and still less6. The dish is delicious! Well, at least its _ the one I cooked yesterday.A. as bad as B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than7. Do you think
27、 the weather is good enough for a picnic Yes. You couldnt hope for _ at this time of the year.A. a nice day B. the nice day C. a nicer day D. the nicest day8. It makes Thomas no better, and it makes you _ A. best B. good C. well D. worse9. With the help of the new equipment, our factories produced _
28、 VCD players in 2000 as the year before.A. as many as twice B. twice more than C. as twice many D. twice as many10. I had invited 50 guests to the party, but actually twice _ came.A. more than B. as many C. as much D. less than11. Why didnt you go to the cinema last night It was something _ interest
29、ing.A. far less B. more or less C. much more D. any further12. The population of many Alaskan cities has _ doubled in the past five years.A. larger than B. more than C. as greatly as D. as much as13. This is a good place for a picnic. Yes, it couldnt be _ .A. Better B. best C. Worst D. worse14. How
30、do you like your teacher of English Well, no one teaches _ here.A. well B. Poorly C. best D. better15. In the poor parts of Americas big cities there is a lot of crime, _ .A. and much of it is serious B. much of it is seriousC. and many more is serious D. more of it is serious16. Do you like cats Of
31、 course. They are _ a kind of pet. They can do much good for their masters.A. better than B. more than C. no more than D. no better than17. The newly-built theater is _ the old one.A. as twice big as B. twice more bigger than C. twice the size of D. twice so big as18. Im afraid that your conclusion
32、is _ from correct.A. Far B. free C. Different D. short19. Thank you very much. Its _ of you.A. kindest B. a most kind C. the most kind D. most kind20. Whoever is never _ with the progress he has made will be a success.A. content B. proud C. Praised D. enough参考答案 一. 1.A2.A 3.D4.B5.B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.D11.B12.C13.D14.A15.C。用a little表示“少许”。16.D。题意为“乘火车去那儿要花很长时间；乘汽车更快些。”17.D。题意为“假设没有考试的话，我们在学校就会更欢乐。”暗含比拟的意味，故选D。18.D。题意为“你竟然被这么一个简洁的花招所骗，真令我惊讶。”trick“计策，花招，阴谋”。19.C。题意为“因为她不想花太多的钱买袋子，故挑了一个最廉价的。”20.B。表示“如此重的箱子”可以用“so heavy a box”或“such a heavy box”。二. 1-10: CCCAD BCDDB 11-20: ABADA BCADA