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1、初中英语 根底学问及考点透析Contents(书目)第一部分 名词、名词全部格A. 可数名词及不行数名词考点直击(3)考点梳理(3)中考百分百(4)考点直击(7)考点梳理(7)中考百分百(7)第二部分 数词考点直击(8)考点梳理(8)中考百分百(9)第三部分 冠词考点直击(10)考点梳理(10)中考百分百( 11)第四部分 代词考点直击(11)考点梳理(12)中考百分百(13 )第五部分 形容词考点直击(16)考点梳理.(17)中考百分百.(18 )第六部分 副词考点直击(21)考点梳理.(21)中考百分百.(21 )第七部分 介词及介词短语考点直击(23)考点梳理(24)中考百分百(25 )
2、第八部分 动词A. 实意动词、连系动词考点梳理.(26)中考百分百.(26)B.情态动词考点直击(27)考点梳理(27)中考百分百(27)考点梳理.(28)中考百分百.(28 )考点梳理.(34)中考百分百.(34)E. 虚拟语气考点梳理.(35)中考百分百.(35 )考点直击(35)考点梳理.(36)中考百分百.(36 )考点梳理.(40)中考百分百.(40 )考点梳理.(42)中考百分百.(42 )考点梳理.(43)中考百分百.( 43)第九部分 简洁句考点梳理.(45)中考百分百.(45)第十部分 连词及连词短语考点直击(52)考点梳理.(52)中考百分百.(52 )及复合句状语从句考点
3、梳理.(53)中考百分百.(53 )宾语从句考点直击(54)考点梳理(54)中考百分百(55)定语从句考点梳理(56)中考百分百(56 )第十一部分 改错考点梳理.(57)中考百分百.(57 )第十二部分 情景反响考点直击(58)考点梳理.(58)中考百分百.(58 )第十三部分 完形填空考点直击(65)考点梳理(65)中考百分百(66)第十四部分 阅读理解考点直击(70)考点梳理(70)中考百分百(71 )第十五部分 书面表达考点直击(88)考点梳理(88)中考百分百(88)初中英语根底学问及考点透析名词【考点直击】名词是表示人、事物、地点等名称词，名词分为专出名词(实词首字母大写：the
4、Great Wall ; the Summer Palace)和一般名词.一般名词分为可数名词和不行数名词，可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词(family ; class ; team),不行数名词包括物质名词(water; wood ; metal ; glass ; cotton ; plastic ; cotton)和抽象名词(love; life)，中考主要考察以下方面：1.可数名词和不行数名词用法； 2.名词全部格构成及用法；3.近义名词辨析。【考点梳理】一、名词数 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“s构成，其主要变法如下：规那么改变A.一般状况干脆加“s
5、.B.以字母s 、ss 、x 、ch 、sh结尾加“es 例如：bus / box / fox / watch / match / brush / classC.以“辅音字母y结尾先变y为i,再加es. 例如：baby / city / country / library / family / factory / story / university / dictionary / hobby / lady/ company/ enemy/ butterfly .D.以o结尾名词一般加“s.例如：photo / piano / radio / zoo；但.hero / potato / toma
6、to复数加es. 巧计：英雄喜爱吃西红柿和土豆。E.以f / fe结尾，通常变f / fe 为v,再加es. 例如:knife / leaf / shelf / half / wife / life / thief不规那么改变A.单复数同形：sheep / deer / fishB.单数形式复数内容：people / police C.复数形式单数内容：news / maths / physicsD.词形发生改变：man-men woman -women gentleman-gentlemen foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese child-children m
7、ouse-mice F.复合名词复数形式；通常只将其中主体名词变成复数。由man, woman构成复合名词变复数时,两个名词全部要变成复数;eg: boy / girl friend -boy / girl friends apple tree -apple trees man / woman teacher -men / women teachers ; G.“某国人“复数形式：表示“某国人名词变复数时遵循规律是：中日不变，英法变，其它要把s添。如：Chinese / Japanese-Chinese /JapaneseEnglishman / Frenchman-Englishmen /
8、FrenchmenAmerican / Australian / German / Canadian / Russian-Americans / Australians / Germans / Canadians / RussiansH.有些名词只有复数，没有单数形式，不能被详细数字修饰。如：clothes ; shorts ; shoes ; pants ; glasses常考可数名词：months: January ; February ; March ; April ; May ; June ; July ; August ; September ; October ; November
9、 ; December . weeks: Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Wednesday ; Thursday ; Friday ; Saturday. seasons: spring ; summer ; autumn ; winter. food: noodles (面条); dumplings (饺子);sandwiches(三明治);cakes(蛋糕) animals: monkey(猴子); sheep(绵羊); elephant(大象);tiger(老虎) ; lion(狮子) donkey(驴)sweater(毛衣) mouth(嘴) breakfas
10、t (早餐) lunch(午餐)supper(晚餐)vegetables(蔬菜)family(家庭); party(聚会); daughter(女儿) ; radio(收音机) hotel(旅馆)street(街道); forest(森林) country(国家) ; beach(海滩) ; world(世界); queen(女王) trip(旅行); city(城市); restaurant(餐馆)question(问题); jacket(夹克衫); ticket(票) ; grass(草); house(房子) ; grapes(葡萄); station(车站) ; address(地址)
11、; stamps(邮票); chopsticks(筷子); shape(形态); circle(圆); person(人)Christmas (圣诞节) ; holiday / vacation (假期);umbrella(雨伞) ; flower(花); minute(分钟) ;tooth(牙); pupil(学生); photo(照片); interest(爱好); voice(嗓音); husband (丈夫); piano(钢琴); parents(父母); diary(日记); subject(课程); quarter(一刻钟); library(图书馆); festival(节日)
12、 ; physics(物理); dinner(晚饭);present / gift (礼物) ;kitchen(厨房); address(地址) corner(角落); concert(音乐会); cinema(电影院); floor(地面)gate(大门) envelope(信封);future(将来) ; lawyer(律师); building(建筑物) ; sentence(句子); language(语言) ; meaning(意思); tongue(舌头) dictionary(字典) ; foreigner (外国人); company(公司); article(文章); pro
13、gram(节目); hobby(爱好) instruction(说明) report(报告); garden(花园) ;field(田地);member(成员); club(俱乐部); prize(奖品);score(得分) university(高校) college(学院) shower(阵雨); storm(暴风雨); leaves(树叶) reason(缘由); bamboo(竹子); scientist(科学家) ; joke(玩笑) history(历史); horse(马);science(科学) experiment(试验); method(方法); force(力气); ma
14、tch(竞赛;火柴) ; licence(执照); captain(队长); wheel(轮子) engineer(工程师) passenger(乘客); invention(创建) ; factory(工厂); wing(翅膀) ; village(村庄); second(秒);visitor(参观者);monitor(班长); mouse(鼠标);screen(屏幕) tool(工具) internet(因特网); message(信息) ; machine(机器) ; problem(问题)Europe(欧洲); world(世界) ocean(海洋) river(河流) earth(地
15、球)surface(外表); island(岛); mountain(山脉) ; heaven(上帝); picnic(野餐); seat(座位); record(纪录) ; guest(客人); dream(幻想); victory(成功); result(结果);tower(塔); bridge(桥); supplies(日用品); purse(钱包) heart(心)；magazine(杂志); hospital(医院); nurse(护士)spirit(精神); potato(土豆); disease(疾病); doctor(医生)tomato(西红柿); cancer(癌症); ce
16、ntury(世纪); situation(状况) solider(士兵); accident(事故); patient(病人); warning(警告) nature(大自然) direction(方向) thought(思想) feeling(感觉)secret(隐私) mistake(错误) manner (礼貌、方式)culture(文化) greeting(问候) enemy(敌人)symbol(标记) speech(言语) decision(确定) pity(缺憾) conversation(交谈;对话) difference(差异) memory(记忆力) education(教化
17、) attention(留意) ; manger(经理)chemistry(化学) duty(责任;义务) prison(监狱) choice(选择) government(政府) chance(时机) excuse(藉口) 二、不行数名词：不行数名词“量表示方法：在英语中，不行数名词假如要表示“量概念，可以用以下两种方法：(1)用some / any / much / a little / a lot of / lots of / plenty of等表示数量多少。例如：The rich man has a lot of moneyThere is some milk in the bott
18、leIs there any water in the glass？I dont like winter because theres too much snow and ice(2)借助表示数量单位短语修饰。例如：a piece of paper / wood / bread / news a bottle of orange a glass of milk / coffee a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice假如要表示“两杯茶、“四张纸这类概念时，在容器后加复数，例如：two cups of tea four pieces of pa
19、perthree glasses of water常考不行数名词：fruit (水果); chicken(鸡肉); porridge(粥); bread(面包); soup(汤); sugar(食糖); weather(天气); traffic(交通)temperature(气温); cotton(棉布); advice(建议);information(信息); knowledge(学问); pride(骄傲)energy(能量); wheat(小麦); furniture(家具)medicine(药); danger(危急) ; safety(平安);liquid(液体) ; solid(固
20、体); space / room (空间)geography(地理); population(人口); metal(金属); rubbish / litter / garbage(垃圾); environment(环境)weight(重量) ; money(钱); experience(经验、经验)cheese(奶酪); butter(黄油); death(死); research(探讨)technology(技术); peace(和平); courage(志气);blood(血液) ; flood(洪水); height(高度); effort(精力); friendship(友情); ha
21、ppiness(欢乐、开心); progress(进步); society(社会) trouble(费事); smoking(烟)；chalk(粉笔) ；【中考百分百】A.用括号中词正确形式填空。1. I hear that two _(Japanese ) and three_(German) are coming to our school today. 2. How many _(potato)and_(tomato) would you like 3. You should brush your _(tooth) every day.4. Look ! The cat is runni
22、ng after two _(mouse).5. When spring comes , all the _(leaf) turn green.6. Many people lost their _(life) in the accident, including four _ (child).7. Look at those _(woman) in white. They are all _(woman teacher) in our school.8. Computer is one of the greatest _(invent).I cant imagine life without
23、 it.9.There are so many shoes in the shop. Can you help me make a _(decide) to buy a pair 10. Danny has learned a _(safe)rule: Never catch a falling dinosaur.11.My uncle isnt home. He has gone to England on _(busy).12.Mrs. Brown is too fat. She eats little because she wants to lose _(weigh). 13.The
24、whole _(long) of the street is about 400 metres.14.All of us were surprised at his _(die).15.There are many _(different) between the two new words.16.This is one of the tallest _(build) in our city.17. Do you know whats the_(mean) of this word18. Liu Xiang is the _(proud) of our country.19. Jim didn
25、t come to school this morning because of his _(ill).20. The tree is about 30 metres in _(high).21. Potry is a good way to expree our _(think) and _(feel).22. If you know English well, youll have more _ (succeed) in business.23. Thank you for your _(invite).24. At the _(begin) of the twentieth centur
26、y, the population of the world was quite small.25. I think _(healthy) is much more important than money. 26. _(smoke) is not allowed in some public places.27. With the _(develop) of the agriculture, the lives of the farmers are getting better and better.28. In China people shake hands in _(greet) wh
27、en they meet each other.29. My mother works in a library. She is a _(library).30. You could be a successful farmer-your education keeps your _(choose) open.B.依据首字母或汉语提示补全单词。1.There is no _(桥) over the river and we have to cross it by boat.2.He did very well in the exam. He made few _(错误). Green gave
28、 us some good_(建议) on how to learn English well.4. Sams uncle is a _(战士).He has been in the army for 20 years.5.Mr. Green is such a good teacher with 30 years teaching _(经验)that we all like him. 6. Youve lived in Beijing for many days. How is the _(天气)here 7.My sister is a nurse. She is very kind to
29、 all her _(病人).8.If you know English , youll have more _(成功) in business.9. You mustnt take these books and _(杂志)out of the library.10.The harder you work, the better _(结果) youll get.11. My father is poor. He doesnt have much_(钱).12.This is one of the tallest _(塔) I have ever seen.13. Helen Keller w
30、as famous for her hard work and _(志气).14.The _(价格) of this kind of computer is so high that we cant afford it.15.-What does he often have for dinner -Fish , rice and some _(蔬菜).16.The woman moved to another town after her _(丈夫) died.17.Li Ming cut his finger and _(鲜血)came out.18.The _(政府) of China h
31、as taken many measures to stop pollution.19. His uncle bought some _(家具) yesterday.20.We should try our best to protect our _ (环境).21.When he was fifty, he began to learn _(俄语).22. Many of us like _(地理) and physics.23. So far I have collected more than 1,000_ (邮票).24. Could you tell me your friend L
32、indas _(地址)25.I dont think these _(文章) are interesting26. Its said that his brother is a famous _(律师).27. To our surprise, the man can speak seven _ (语言).28. We all dont know the _ (意思) of the word.29.In his spare time Yuan Longping likes playing the _(小提琴).30. Id like a cup of coffee with _(食糖)in i
33、t I prefer sweet taste.31. China is a country with a long _(历史).32. When he saw the boy was in danger, Edison rushed out and carried him to _(平安).33. If our school team wins the last two _(竞赛), we will be the top.34. I think true _(友情) is much more important than money.35. Computers are wonderful _(
34、机器). They can do a lot of things.36. -I lost the key to the door. Can you use some _(工具) to open it -OK, Let me have a try.37. I think Yaoming and Liuxiang are _(英雄) of China.38. To have a cleaner school, we should pick up the _(垃圾) when we see it.39.Today is very sunny. Would you like to have a _ (
35、野餐) with us C.依据首字母提示，补全单词。1.Take the m_three times a day and youll recover soon.2.The Chinese people love p_ but hate war.3.The p_of China is larger than that of India.4.My sister is a nurse, she works in a h_.5.If you dont know a word, you may look it up in a d_.6.Two cars crashed. A man was badly
36、 hurt in the a_.7.Today is the Spring Festival. There are many g_ in my home.8. Do you know the d_between these two words9. Jim isnt in right now, Can I take a m_ for you 10. On my birthday, I usually get many p_.11. Sixty minutes is an hour and fifteen minutes is a q _.12.-Whats the w_like today in
37、 Jiuquan -Its sunny.13.-Whats the t_ today -Its 38 degrees.14.Our teacher told us that Giant Pandas live on b_.15.There are sixty s_in a minute.16.Over seventy percent of the s_of the earth is covered with water.17. The Pacific is the largest o_in the world.18. The h_of the mountain is about 3,516 m
38、etres.19. Look! Miss Smith is watering the f_in the garden.20. Smoking is a bad habit. Its bad for peoples h_.21. His mother is cooking in the k_now.22. When you need the nurses help in the hospital, please push the red b_ on the wall.23.Dont be afraid to talk with foreigners. Its a good C_ to pract
39、ise your spoken English.24. In this zoo there are a lot of a_, such as monkeys,tigers andbirds.25. -Shall we meet on W_ or Thursday -Either day is OK with me. D.易混名词选择.1.We can get much _on the internet. A. photo B. ideas C. message D. information2.-Wheres Mary, Lily -She left a _saying that she has
40、 something to do. A. message B. letter C. excuse D. sentence3. There is good _ for you. Ive found your lost watch. A. news B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts4.-How well she sings ! -Yes, she has a very sweet _. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. mouth5. Tom regards Tianjin as his second _ because he has been here for over ten years. A. family B. hometown C. house D. country6. -Could you move over a little and make some _for me -Sure, please. A. place B. seat C. room D. ground7.-