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1、必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement学问点讲解1. achieve achieve v. 意为“完成；到达，指经过长期努力而到达某目的、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩，a sense of achievement可指“成就感。如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.2. conditioncondition 意为“环境；境况；条件时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况时，是
2、不行数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态，be out of condition表示“安康状况不佳。如： We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions. The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. My car is old but in good condition. He is overweight and out of condition.condition意为“条件时，常
3、用短语on condition that，表示“假如；在条件下；在美国英语中，也常常用under the condition that。如：I will come on condition that Peter is invited.They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devotedevote vt. 意为“投入于；献身，其宾语后常及介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote to 意为“献身；致力于，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：He has devot
4、ed his whole life to benefiting mankind.The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.4. behavebehave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；看法；举止。如：The parents encouraged the children to b
5、ehave well in front of the guests.My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.Everyone praises the childrens good behaviour.5. worthwhileworthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做，在动词-ing形式的构造中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特殊是在表示“值得花时间这一概念时。如：I think teaching sc
6、hool is always a worthwhile job.The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading区分worthwhile及worth，worthy的用法：worthwhile意为“值得，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。如：It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.=Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。但不行以说The book is worthwhi
7、le reading.worth表示“价值时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得时，后接名词、代词或动名词不能接不定式,常用well修饰，不用very。This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,很值得买。worthy表示“有价值的；可敬重的时，常作定语；表示“值得时，常作表语，构造为 worthy of sth.。It is a worthy cause and worthy of our hardworking.这是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，构造
8、分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。The incident is worthy of being remembered.=The incident is worthy to be remembered.这次事务值得纪念。6. dress as 穿的服装，使穿得像Mom insists that we dress up as monsters. 妈妈坚持要我们装扮成怪物。7. drove the attackers away; drove out any thought of failure. 赶走攻击者；消退失败的念头He drove the
9、children to school. 他开车送孩子去上学Indecision drives me crazy.迟疑要把我逼疯了8.be put toIn these cases, the person is put to death.在这些案件中，罪犯被剥夺生存权利。The prisoner was put to death at dawn. 那囚犯在黎明时被处决.9. be concerned with/about sth He concerned herself with public work 他关切公众事务Were rather concerned about fathers hea
10、lth. 我们相当担忧父亲的安康。This concerns the healthy growth of the children deeply.这事对孩子们的安康成长关系极大。10. observe vt. 意为“视察；观测；遵守，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。observe+宾语+宾语补足语不带to的不定式/动词的-ing形式，被动语态要用带to的不定式。当表示“看时，observe，watch，see，notice的区分：observe 相当于watch carefully，指从不同的角度长时间地看并探讨，尤
11、其用于试验或探讨等场合，如observe the stars视察星星，observe the behavior of birds视察鸟类的习性等；watch意为“看；观看，特殊留意、感爱好地看运动着的东西。如 watch TV看电视，watch a game观看竞赛等；see 指“看到；看见；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到；notice 指“看到；留意到；觉察到；间或看到细小的但可能是重要的。如：I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shopThey were observed to enter the bank/entering
12、the bank.他们被留意着进了银行。He observed that we should probably have rain.Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals behaviour.11 have connection with “及有关系， in connection with “及有关；关于，His illness must have had some connection with his diet.他的病想必及他的饮食有关。The teachers often deal with
13、problems in connection with education.老师常常处理和教化有关的问题。Do you believe that theres a connection between smoking and heart disease 你信任吸烟及心脏病有关系吗12. rather than及其说不如说He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 及其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 13. argueargue作动词时，意为“
14、争论；争吵；争论。argue for意为“为辩护；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论；argue against意为“据理反对；争论。如It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.We are always arguing with each other about money. Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the childrens annual party.argue
15、的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端。14.care forcare for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照看；照料，且较正式；也可表示“喜爱的意思。如：His son cared for him when he was ill. In fact, I dont really care for basketball.care about意为“介意；在乎，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的爱好或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否认句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。 I dont ca
16、re about your opinion. I dont care whether it rains Im happy.15. intendintend v. 意为“准备；方案；想要。intend to do sth意为“想干某事；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原准备给某人；准备让干。如：I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.I intend coming / to come back soon. This gift is intended for you.He h
17、adnt really intended that they should be there.16. respect vt. & n. 敬重；敬重；敬意Youth should always show respect to old age.年轻人总是应当敬重老人。形容词respectable，respectful 及respective 的区分：respectable 指“值得敬重的；respectful表示“敬重的；恭敬的；respective 指“各自的；分别的。表示“敬重时，respect和honour，regard的区分：respect 正式用语，指对父母、年长者、正直的人、学者、法律
18、、隐私等的敬重或敬重He respects his teachers.他敬重老师。honour特别敬重respect highly，指对君主、长辈、父母、贵人、德高望重之人、正直之人、天神等的敬意。He was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。regard指对父母、别人的感情，对法律、安眠日等的敬重。17.deliver为接生, 递送, 陈述, 释放, 发表(一篇演说等), 交付Which doctor delivered the baby 哪位医生接生了这个婴儿？deliver sth. to sb.把某物交付给某人deliver a message带
19、信, 传话deliver a speech作演讲18. in consideration of报答；由于 take into consideration顾及，考虑到under consideration在考虑中，在探讨中二、练习一单词拼法1. With her great efforts, she has a_ everything she wanted to do.2. Her research shows the c_ between human beings and chimps.3. He is an agricultural s_, who d_ all his life to th
20、e research into agriculture.4. The little boys bad b_ at the party made his parents upset.5. It is w_ to spend the whole day in the forest, o_ how the chimps live.6. I_by the teachers words, he is d_ to study harder than before.7. He has to work hard to earn more money, because he has a large family
21、 to s_.8. Everything taken into c_, he has done a good job this time.9. The famous doctor has d_ hundreds of babies during her life.10. It is c_ of you not to make any noise while the others are having a rest.二单项选择1. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; is B. T
22、wo fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are2. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be3. Every means _ prevent the water from _.A. are used to; polluting B. will be used to; pollutingC. is used to; polluted D. is used to; being
23、 polluted4. She is one of the few girls who _ in the kindergarten.A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying well D. are paying well5. China sent up two manned spaceships and they were also great scientific _ in the world.A. campaigns B. surprises C. achievements D. discoveries6. We _ the problem
24、 for a long time, but we didnt reach any agreement. A. argued B. explained C. shared D. communicated7. Only after the woman had her own child _ how difficult it was to be a mother.A. she realized B. had she realized C. she had realized D. did she realize8. In order to understand the _ of the animal,
25、 the researcher spent many years recording its daily activities. A. performance B. deed C. behaviour D. personality9. What should I do, sir _ the star and then tell me something about it. A. Notice B. Observe C. See D. Glare 10. Its suggested that another strong bridge should be built to _ heavy tru
26、cks.A. support B. accept C. hold D. carry11. It is the years we spent together at college _ have a deep effect on my life.A. which B. that C. when D. where12. Dont _ women. They are as important as men for the development of society.A. look up to B. look down upon C. look out for D. look forward to1
27、3. When the clock _ 12, I was about to leave for the supermarket.A. knocked B. hit C. beat D. struck14. The determined mother has devoted all she has to _ her son out of trouble.A. helping B. help C. have helped D. having helped15. To our surprise, the painting considered_ should have won the prize.A. being copied B. having been copied C. to have copied D. to have been copied16. Docotor Smith got a call last night and was asked to _ for a peasants familyA accept a baby B give birth to a bay C deliver a baby D received a baby