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1、(3,3)重点词汇1. n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱典例 1). He often bets a 1ot of money on horses. 2). I bet that it will rain tomorrow. 重点用法bet on为某事打赌make a bet on 为某事打赌win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了练习 按要求翻译。1).We _ _ _ _ (打赌)the outcome of the next horse race. 2).他把全部的钱都用在赌立刻。_2. n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faul
2、tless adj.不行挑剔的典例 No one could fault his performance.I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.Somehow，people seem to think its my fault for letting him in.He is such a man who is always finding fault with other people.重点用法It s one s fault 是某人的过错 find fault in看出的缺点，找出的缺点find fault with对不满，挑剔
3、练习 翻译或填空。她总是找我的茬儿。_从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完备无瑕。I cant _your paper.It is perfect.3. vt. 觉察；认出 n. 污点；斑点；地点 spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的典例1). This is the very spot where he was murdered. 2). She was wearing a white skirt with red spots. I had just sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.He spott
4、ed a serious mistake in the accounts.I easily spotted him in the crowd because he was very tall.I was on the spot when the accident happened.重点用法spot sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 on the spot = on the scene到（在）现场；当场 练习 用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。1). The police _ him driving a stolen car. 2). The police were _ _ _
5、within a few minutes. 3). He keeps his house _. 完成句子When the man was trying to break into the bank，he_(当场被警察抓住)4. n. 通道；（书、讲话、音乐等的）一段，一节；经过，通过，消逝；旅费典例 1). They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 2). He worked his passage to Australia. 重点用法with the passage of time 随着时间的推移练习 按要求翻译或填空。
6、1) . Her confidence grew _ _ (随着时间的推移).2). Several passages _ (介词) the book were printed in a national newspaper before it was published.5. n. 说明；理由；计算，账目 vi.&vt. 认为；说明；说明总；计有 典例1). I m going to the bank to open a new account. 2). Bad weather accounted for the long delay.How do you account for your
7、absence from school yesterdayOn no account must employers make personal telephone calls from the office.His exam results were not very good，but we must take his long illness into account.The train was delayed on account of snow.He paid the money into his account.重点用法account for导致；做出说明；总计有on account
8、of = because of 因为open an account在银行开个户头keep an account of记录，记载take sth. into account/consideration考虑到某事练习 用account的短语填空。1). The League members in our school _ _ half of the students. 2). She couldn t _ _ her foolish mistake. 完成句子缺钱是她辍学的缘由。_her not continuing her studies. Since we are not wealthy no
9、w，wed better take our daily expenses into_.AthoughtBaccount CpositionDeffect6. vt.&vi. (sought, sought) 找寻；探究；寻求 典例1). You must seek permission from the manager.2).They are seeking to mislead us. 重点用法seek (for/after) sth./sb. 找寻某人/某物 seek to do sth. 试图做某事 seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求华蜜安逸财
10、宝、胜利练习 用所给词的适当形式填空。1). I think it s time we _ (seek) legal advice.2). They are seeking _ (change) the rules.7. n.数(量)；总额 vi.(to)合计；接近典例1). Can you really afford this amount 2). The cost amounted to 250 pound. 重点用法a (large/small) amount of + n.u + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.u + v. (复数)in (l
11、arge/small) amounts 作状语大（少）量地 amount to. 共达，合计练习 用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。1). Duting the earthquake, a large amount of damage _ (do) in a very short time. 2). Large amounts of money _ (spend) rebuilding the temple. 3). At that time, mall amounts of land _ (use) for keeping animals. 4). The total cost
12、 of repairs _ _ (总计) $100. 8. bau vi.&vt. 鞠躬；弯腰 bu n.c 弓，蝴蝶结；鞠躬 典例1). We all bowed to the Queen. 2). His back was bowed with age. 重点用法bow to/before sb. 向某人鞠躬 bow to sth. 向低头；承受某事 练习 用bow的短语或其适当形式填空。1). The boss _ _ the demands of the workers.2). The cast _ as the audience applauded. 9. n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面
13、；风光；(电影，电视的)一个镜头；(事务发生的)地点典例：Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.The happy scene of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again.The students were able to go behind the scenes to see how programmes are made.They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.重点用法：on
14、 the scene在现场；当场 appear/come on the scene出场；登场behind the scenes在幕后；暗中 the scene of the accident事故现场辨析：scene，scenery与view(1)scene指都市景观或室内陈设，还可指舞台场面或局部布景，是可数名词。(2)scenery指山河湖海等自然景观，也可指舞台全部，是不行数名词。(3)view指从远处或高处看到的风景。练习：用scene，scenery与view填空：(1)When I was a little boy，I lived in a small fishing village
15、.The visit to the village reminded me of the_of my childhood.(2)On the top of Mount Tai，you can get a wonderful_of the sunrise.(3)We passed through some beautiful_on our journey through this district.10. v允许；容许；答应；n.答应证；执照；通行证Visitors are not permitted to take photographs.After the law was passed，th
16、e prisoners in that state are permitted two hours outdoor exercise a day.My parents didnt permit my going with you.Well have a picnic in the woods，weather permitting.练习：The local government announced that only when the fire was under control_to return to their homes.Athe residents would be permitted
17、 Bhad the residents been permittedCwould the residents be permitted Dthe residents had been permitted天津卷 Passengers are permitted _only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.Ato carry Bcarrying Cto be carried Dbeing carried重点词组1. 培育；抚养；哺育或教化某人；提出；呕吐某物典例 Her parents died when she was a baby and sh
18、e was brought up by her aunt. She has three young children to bring up on her own.Some people laughed at the idea when I first brought it up.He made every effort to bring down the cost of living.The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.Science and technology has brought about many changes
19、 in our lives.重点用法bring sb. up to be/as 培育某人成为 bring sb. up to do sth. 培育某人要 bring about引起；产生；导致；带来 bring sth.back带回某物；使想起bring down让降下来；使倒下 bring forward提早 bring in引入练习 用bring的短语填空。1). She was so sick that she _ _ all that she had had.2). He _ _ a good suggestion at the meeting. His parents died wh
20、en he was five years old，so he was_by his grandparents.Ataken upBgiven up Cgrown upDbrought up完成句子The discussion came alive when an interesting topic_(引入)2. 执行，进展，前进，（于祈使句）可以，往下说，用吧，开场吧典例 1) . Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead. 2). The building of the new bridge will go ahead as pla
21、nned.Go ahead！I want to hear more about your plan.Smokers cannot go without cigarettes even a day.She went against her mothers wishes.As time went by，I was made smaller.短语归纳 (be) ahead of 在之前；领先于；赛过ahead of time / in advance 提早go against违背，反对/对不利(无被动式) go around/round/about(疾病、消息等)传播go by过去 go over审
22、查；查阅；复习 go through遭遇；经验；通过练习 用ahead短语填空。1). After a pause, he _ _ with his speech. 2). The new bridge was completed _ _ _.3). _ _ _ (径直向前走) for 200 meters and then turn left. 4). Could I use your bike _ _.(全国)Could I ask you a rather personal question Sure，_.Apardon meBgo ahead Cgood ideaDforget it(
23、陕西)Could I use your computer for a few moments，please _.Im not using it myself.ACome onBIt depends CGo aheadDThats great3. = by chance 偶尔；无意中典例 Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 短语归纳 by + n. 短语：by contrast 比照之下by mistake 错误地by hand 用手，用体力by machine 用机器练习 用by + n. 构成的词组填空。1). I wa
24、s in such a hurry that I took someone else s umbrella _.2). These toys are made _ instead of _, so they are very expensive.3). She had found the . Success in life doesnt happen_.Its the result of devoting your time and energy to what youve set out to do.Aby force Bby design Cby accident Dby choice4.
25、 至于，关于典例 As for you, you ought to be ashamed of yourself. 短语归纳 as to 至于，关于；提到；就而论(至于，说到) 练习 翻译。1). He was uncertain _ _ (至于) which road to take.2). Would you be so kind _ _ (至于) help me to move the stone3). 关于我的过去,我什么都不会告知你。_5. 与此相反；正相反只作状语典例 1) . It doesn t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think
26、 it s rather beautiful. 2). It wasn t a good thing; on the contrary, it was a huge mistake. 短语归纳 contrary短语：to the contrary（说明是）相反的；相反地作定语和状语 (be) contrary to 违背（某事物）；与相反练习 用contrary短语填空。1). The car isn t expensive. _ _ _, its quite cheap.2). The results were _ _ expectation.6. = take chances冒险，碰运气典
27、例 He took a big chance when he made the investment. 短语归纳 chance短语：have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that.大有盼望/没有可能/没什麽盼望做某事by chance: by accident: accidentally: unintentionally 偶尔地；意外地；非有意地the chances are (that).: it is likely that. 很可能give sb. a chance 给某人一个时机a
28、 chance of lifetime千载难逢的时机练习 用chance短语填空。1). The guide book didn t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to _ _ _.2). You should never _ _ when driving a car.3). 我遇见她完全是偶尔的。_4). 很可能她要来。_重点句子1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.说明 find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = f
29、ind + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词搭配 find +sb./sth. doing 觉察在做(主动) find sb./sth. done觉察被做(被动) find oneself in/at. 觉察自己在某处处于 例如：A group of children were found playing on the playground.When he came to himself，he found himself lying in hospital.I found myself surrounded by a group of children.练习 用所给词的适当形式
30、填空或翻译。1).He found a wallet _ (lie) on the ground. 2). When day broke, we _ _ _ (觉察我们到了一个村子里) a small village at the foot of the mountain.3). The film star_ _ _ _ (觉察自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.He found his son_by letters and papers and_very worried.Asurrounding；lookedBsurro
31、unded；lookedCsurrounding；lookingDsurrounded；lookingA cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.AsmokeBsmoking Cto smokeDsmoked2. The next morning I d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 说明 句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未意料到或突然发生的状况，常用于讲解并描述过去发生的事情或故事。whe
32、n常用于以下句型：1). be about to do when 刚要做某事就2). be on the point of doingwhen 刚要做某事就3). be doingwhen 正在做某事就在这时4). had just done sth. when. 刚做完某事就5). had hardly donewhen 几乎还没有做完某事就 He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.He was reading newspapers when he heard his name called.I was about to go out
33、when an unexpected visitor came.She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.when用作连词，意为“既然”。How can they expect to learn anything when they never listen练习：(全国卷)Tom was about to close the windowhis attention was caught by a bird.AwhenBif CandDtill(2009福建卷)She had just finished her homework_her mot
34、her asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.AwhenBwhile Cafter Dsince(四川)There were some chairs left over_everyone had sat down.AwhenBuntil CthatDwhere(辽宁)I used to love that film_I was a child，but I dont feel it that way any more.AonceBwhen CsinceDalthough练习 翻译句子。1) 他刚要出去时天下起雨来了。_2) 我刚做完试
35、卷下课铃就响了。_3) 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。_3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 说明 (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。(3)however用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引
36、导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样；无论如何”，详细构造为：however形容词/副词主语谓语。Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.However great the difficulties are，we must complete the task in time.Whatever your problems are，you mustnt lose heart.Whoever breaks the law should be punished.(whoever不能换成no matter who)whichever，wh
37、atever在句中还可作定语。The content is the same whichever book you choose.练习 翻译。1). _ _ _ (无论何时) you have problems, you may turn to me for help.2). 我将信任你所说的一切。_3). 无论你说什么，我都信任你。_练习：(上海卷)_you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.AHowever a serious problem BWhat a serious problemCHowev
38、er serious a problem DWhat serious a problem.重点单词聚焦1Bob earned his_(船费) on an English boat when he traveled to China.2Usain Bolt set an_(难以置信的) world record in the 100meter race at the Beijing Olympics.3We missed the first few_(场景) of the play because we were caught in a traffic jam.4It wasnt your_(
39、过错)You neednt apologize to him.5The job is not tiring at all.On the_(相反)，its very relaxing.6By law，youth under eighteen are not_(允许) to enter Net bars.7These children are very naughty，so you need_(耐性) to deal with them.8Good_(看法，举止) are a very important key to your social success.9I dont like to tal
40、k with him；he has a very_(粗鲁的) manner.10Recent pressure at work may_(说明) for his strange behavior.完成句子1His grandmother and his father_(将他抚养成人)2Ill see you after the meeting_(假如时间允许的话)3_(我偶尔碰见她) in the street.4He lifted his head and_(盯着她看)5Even in New York you still see_(许多人穿得破破烂烂)6_(关于我的过去)，Im not telling you anything.7T