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1、GRE写作Issue问题题库分析与提纲第一类 社会2. Competition is ultimately more beneficial than detrimental to society. 归根结底，竞争对于社会是利多弊少。 Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society.1. Generally speaking, competition contributes to progress in society.2. In democratic countries, when parties and c
2、andidates compete for power, the public benefits.3. Admittedly, when competition gets out of the control of mores and laws, society will suffer.竞争对于社会的优点和缺点- 3. It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help futur
3、e generations.与其花钱进展可能有助于后代的长期性探讨，还不如把钱花在燃眉之急，已经存在的社会问题上。 Humanity should take into account both long-term interests and short-term interests when making budgets.1. Naturally, each generation is most concerned about solving problems that immediately confront them.2. However, what differentiates huma
4、n beings from other animals is that humans have a sense of future and are morally responsible for the well-being of their descendents.3. Therefore, as beneficiaries of previous generations, each generation should make its own contribution for the well-being of future generations.当务之急和百年大计的关系-9. Acad
5、emic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use. 近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以致于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响到大范围的人群，否那么他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。 The speaker oversimplifies the issue of a
6、cademic influence on society.1. It is true that academic disciplines have become so specialized nowadays that some scholars seemingly idiosyncratic ideas only reach a narrow audience.2. It is also true that social scientists failing to reach the large public makes it impossible for their ideas to co
7、ntribute to society.3. Nevertheless, scholars in certain realms are doomed to live in an isolated and purely academic world, which does not necessarily mean that their ideas will have little use.过分专业化问题 overspecialization -15. The stability of a society depends on how it responds to the extremes of
8、human behavior. 一个社会的稳定取决于该社会对人们极端行为所作出的反响。 It is true that how a society copes with the extremes of human behavior largely determines the societys stability.1. The extremes of human behavior-such as violence or strikes-usually dictate grave social troubles.2. One solution to these social problems i
9、s suppressing, which proves effective in the short run and counterproductive in the long run.3. The most effective way of responding to such problems is constructive communication and sometimes compromise. 抽象型题目 - 16. Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life
10、 are entirely harmless, in fact, they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals. 尽管很多人认为现代生活的豪华和便利是丝毫没有害处的，但是这事实上让人们无法成为真正强大和独立的个体。 Agree1. Consider first the effect of the automobile on our independence as individuals. In some respects the automobile serv
11、es to enhance such independence.2. However, we have become slaves to the automobile.3. Consider next the overall impact of the automobile on our strength as individuals, by which I mean strength of character, or mettle.4. In contrast, there is a certain strength of character that comes with eschewin
12、g modern conveniences such as cars, and with the knowledge that one is contributing to a cleaner and quieter environment, a safer neighborhood, and arguably a more genteel society. 社会和个人之开展问题 - 17. There are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to ob
13、ey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws. 有两种法律：公正的和不公正的。每个社会成员都有责任遵守公正的法律，但是更重要的是，更应当不遵守和对抗不公正的法律。 Disagree:1. First, whether a law is just or unjust is rarely a straightforward issue. The fairness of any law depends on ones personal value system.2. The fairness of
14、 a law also depends on ones personal interest, or stake, in the legal issue at hand.3. Disobeying unjust laws often has the opposite effect of what was intended or hoped for.4. By justifying a violation of one sort of law we find ourselves on a slippery slope toward sanctioning all types of illegal
15、behavior, including egregious criminal conduct. 社会和个人之法律公正么？ - 19. If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens. 假设一个社会要旺盛就必需将社会整体的成败置于单个社会成员的华蜜之上。 Disagree1. The society is made up of individual citizens; therefore, the developmento
16、f individual citizens is crucial for the development of the whole society.2. A society that ignores the well being of individual citizens is bound to end up in social turmoil or revolution.少数和多数之胜利 -20. National governments should devote more of their social programs and services to children than to
17、 adults. 任何一个国家的政府都应当为孩子而不是为成人建立更多的社会工程和效劳。 1. No one would deny the fact that it is in the young generation that lies the future of our society.2. Therefore, we should attach enough importance to the development of children.3. However, this does not mean that we can ignore the interests of adults,
18、who make up the major work force of our society.孩子和成人之社会建立 -22. Many people believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitu
19、des, not a few individuals. 很多人认为只是一些个人或者小团体比方家庭、挚友、老师、名人促成了他们的思维和行动。其实始终以来不是一些个人而是社会作为一个整体在定义我们和我们的看法。 1. Individuals and small groups also change our attitudes and minds to a large extent.2. Everyone influencing us is also influenced the society.3. Internet is playing an ever more significant role
20、 in influencing peoples attitude and values.少数和多数之定义人生 - 23. Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspe
21、ctives. 现代技术使获得大量微小环节信息成为可能。其结果是人们聚精会神于七零八碎的信息而很少去留意更大的问题和全局。 1. Access to great deal of information help people get a wider view of an issue, thus help them prevent being limited in thoughts.2. Technology helps us pay more attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives.3. To prevent preocc
22、upation by fragmented information, people should hold right view on information, not to assimilate all, but to percolate relevant ones from those needing only a glance.少数和多数之微小环节信息 - 29. Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private l
23、ives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy. 像演员、政治家和运发动这样的公众人物应当意料到群众会对他们的私生活感爱好。当他们渴望受人瞩目的时候就应当至少预期到会失去一些隐私被群众得知一些隐私。 Agree:1. Intense media attention to the lives of public figures raises a presumption in the collective mind of the vie
24、wing or reading public that our public figures lives are far more interesting than our own.2. The media consist of large corporations whose chief objective is to maximize shareholder profit. In pursuit of that objective, the media are simply giving the public what they demanda voyeuristic look into
25、the private lives of public figures.3. Nevertheless, the statement should be qualified in that a political figure has reason to expect privacy than other public figures.少数和多数之公众人物的隐私 -33. Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behin
26、d that image. 在当代社会，打造一个引人入胜的外表已经变得比外表下的内容更加重要了。 I agree that image has become a more central concern, at least where short-term business or political success is at stake. Nevertheless, I think that in the longer term image ultimately yields to substance and fact.1. The important role of image is pa
27、rticularly evident in the business world.2. The growing significance of image is also evident in the political realm, particularly when it comes to presidential politics.3. In the long terms, however, the significance of image wanes considerably.外表和内容 -36. The greatness of individuals can be decided
28、 only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries. 一个人是否宏大是由后人评定的而非他同时代的人。 1. We do not require a rear-view mirror to recognize artistic greatness whether in music, visual arts, or literature. The reason for this is simple: art can be judged at face value.2. In contrast, in the science
29、s it is difficult to identify greatness without the benefit of historical perspective.3. In the realm of business, in some cases great achievement is recognizable immediately, while in other cases it is not.时间先后 -40. Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a co
30、ntribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem. 我们不应当仅仅关注学者和探讨者的著作能否对社会做出奉献。更重要的是关注他们如何追务实现自己的爱好，无论那些爱好显得是多么的非同寻常。 Agree:1. Who is to decide which areas of academic inquiry are worthwhile S
31、cholars cannot be left to decide; nor can regulators and legislators.2. Secondly, by human nature we are motivated to pursue those activities in which we excel.3. Thirdly, it is “idiosyncratic and unusual avenues of inquiry that lead to greatest contributions to society.少数和多数之科学家 - 41. Such non-main
32、stream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science. 探讨界的一些非主流领域，比方星象学、占卜术和意念和超自然探究，在社会中起到了很重要的作用，因为它们满意了人们无法从主流科学获得的需求。 1. Admittedly, these non-mainstream area
33、s of inquiry address certain human needs, which mainstream science and other areas of intellectual inquiry inherently cannot.2. However, because these pursuits are not rooted in reason, they are favorite pastimes of charlatans and others who seek to prey on dupes.3. Furthermore, without any sure way
34、 to evaluate the legitimacy of these avenues of inquiry, participants become vulnerable to self-deception, false hopes, fantastic ideas and even delusions.少数和多数之非主流学科 -46. While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competi
35、tion, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation. 政府、体育界、工业界和其他领域中的一些指导者将他们的胜利归因于一种高度的竞争意识，然而一个社会还是应当更好的为那些即将成为指导者的年轻人灌输一种合作的意识。 Agree1. The chief reason why we should stress cooperation in nurturing young people today is that, as tomorr
36、ows leaders, they will face pressing societal problems that simply cannot be solved apart from cooperative international efforts.2. The second compelling reason for instilling in young people a sense of cooperation over competition is that effective leadership depends less on the latter than the for
37、mer.3. A third reason why instilling a sense of cooperation is to be preferred over instilling a sense of competition is that the latter serves to narrow a leaders focus on thwarting the efforts of competitors. - 47. Society does not place enough emphasis on the intellect-that is, on reasoning and o
38、ther cognitive skills. 社会对于理性还是重视不够，比方推理和认知的实力。 While the speaker might overlook the benefits of nurturing certain emotions and feelings, on balance I agree that it is by way of our heads rather than our hearts that we can best ensure the well-being of our society.1. I concede that undue emphasis on
39、 cultivating the intellect at the expense of healthy emotions can harm and individual psychologically.2. In many other respects, however, emphasizing emotions and de-emphasizing intellect can carry negative, even dangerous, consequences for any society.3. The dangers of a de-emphasis on intellect ar
40、e all too evident in contemporary America.独立题目 -58. The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves. 现代生活越来越快的节奏弊多利少。 Agree1. The rapid pace of life has resulted in health problems in unprecedented large numbers.2. Although people today have more leisure time, they are
41、not in a better position than their ancestors to enjoy themselves.3. More unfortunately, people seem to have become addicted to the rapid pace of modern life.利多弊少题型 -61. High-pro such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such recogni
42、tion. 最高荣誉比方诺贝尔奖事实上是在损害社会，因为这种奖项在示意只有少数人才配得上这样的荣誉。 The fact that only a few people deserve high-pro is insufficient evidence to suggest that such awards are damaging to society.1. Undoubtedly, high-pro suggest that only a few people deserve such recognition.2. What is significant is that high-pro po
43、int out the right directions in which all individuals in particular fields should make efforts.3. To make sure that high-pro serve the right purpose of society, it is imperative that the rules of the awards be fair and strictly adhered to.少数和多数，精英和群众 -65. People have been so encouraged by society to
44、 focus on apparent differences that they fail to see meaningful similarities among ideas, individuals, and groups. 人们被社会激励而将留意力集中于自不待言的差异上，以致于人们已经无法看到各种理念、个人和群体之间的有意义的相像。 People in different cultural environments would respond differently to this statement.1. On the one hand, western cultures tend t
45、o focus on differences among ideas, individuals and groups.2. The danger of traditional societies, on the other hand, is to ignore differences forcing individuals and groups to conform to one authority.3. A healthy attitude is to be sensitive to both differences and similarities.统一和差异 - 70. In any p
46、rofession-business, politics, education, government-those in power should step down after five years. The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership. 在任何领域中-商业、政治、教化、政府-掌权者应当在五年后就让位。这是任何机构获得胜利的最好的方式：通过更新指导者而保持活力。 Limiting the term of leadership is an effective way to prevent corruption and lack of initiatives.