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1、2016年5月英语二级笔译真题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Passage 1 Jane Goodall was already on a London dock in March 1957 when she realized that her passport was missing. In just a few hours, she was due to depart on her first trip to Africa. A school friend had moved to a farm outside Nair
2、obi and, knowing Goodalls childhood dream was to live among the African wildlife, invited her to stay with the family for a while. Goodall, then 22, saved for two years to pay for her passage to Kenya: waitressing, doing secretarial work, temping at the post office in her hometown, Bournemouth, on E
3、nglands southern coast. Now all this was for naught, it seemed. Its hard not to wonder how subsequent events in her life rather consequential as they have turned out to be to conservation, to science, to our sense of ourselves as a species might have unfolded differently had someone not found her pa
4、ssport, along with an itinerary from Cooks, the travel agency, folded inside, and delivered it to the Cooks office. An agency representative, documents in hand, found her on the dock. “Incredible,” Goodall told me last month, recalling that day. “Amazing.” Within two months of her arrival, Goodall m
5、et the paleontologist Louis Leakey Nairobi was a small town for its white population in those days and he immediately offered her a job at the natural-history museum where he was curator. He spent much of the next three years testing her capacity for repetitive work. He believed in a hypothesis firs
6、t put forth by Charles Darwin that humans and chimpanzees share an evolutionary ancestor. Close study of chimpanzees in the wild, he thought, might tell us something about that common progenitor. He was, in other words, looking for someone to live among Africas wild animals. One night, he told Gooda
7、ll that he knew just the place where she could do it: Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve, in the British colony of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). In July 1960, Goodall boarded a boat and after a few hours motoring over the warm, deep waters of Lake Tanganyika, she stepped onto the pebbly beach at Gombe. He
8、r finding, published in Nature in 1964, that chimpanzees use tools extracting insects from a termite mound with leaves of grass drastically and forever altered humanitys understanding of itself; man was no longer the natural worlds only user of tools. After two and a half decades of living out her c
9、hildhood dream, Goodall made an abrupt career shift, from scientist to conservationist.Passage 2 Scientists have found the first evidence that briny water flowed on the surface of Mars as recently as last summer, a paper published on Monday showed, raising the possibility that the planet could suppo
10、rt life. Although the source and the chemistry of the water is unknown, the discovery will change scientists thinking about whether the planet that is most like Earth in the solar system could support present day microbial life. The discovery was made when scientists developed a new technique to ana
11、lyze chemical maps of the surface of Mars obtained by NASAs Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft. They found telltale fingerprints of salts that form only in the presence of water in narrow channels cut into cliff walls throughout the planets equatorial region. The slopes appear during the warm su
12、mmer months on Mars, then vanish when the temperatures drop. Scientists suspected the streaks were cut by flowing water, but previously had been unable to make the measurements. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter makes its measurements during the hottest part of the Martian day, so scientists believed any
13、traces of water, or fingerprints from hydrated minerals, would have evaporated. Also, the chemical-sensing instrument on the orbiting spacecraft cannot home in on details as small as the narrow streaks, which typically are less than 16 feet wide. But Ojha and colleagues created a computer program th
14、at could scrutinize individual pixels. That data was then correlated with high-resolution images of the streaks. Scientists concentrated on the widest streaks and came up with a 100 percent match between their locations and detections of hydrated salts.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 poin
15、ts)Passage 1 人口问题归根结底是开展问题。人口的急剧增长，社会经济的快速开展，给资源与环境带来了空前压力。我们要关注人口增长与经济社会开展的关系，统筹解决好人口数量、素养、构造与分布问题。 人口流淌与家庭构造变更将对公共效劳与社会治理带来挑战。大规模的人口流淌成为推动社会变迁的主要力气，同时也加快了家庭的小型化、多样化、离散化。 我们要大力推动流淌人口根本公共效劳均等化，着力提升流淌人口效劳管理程度，确保流淌人口公允公正地享受城镇公共资源与社会福利，全面参加政治、经济、社会与文化生活，实现经济立足、社会接纳、身份认同与文化交融。Passage 2 本美术馆以保藏、探讨、展示中国近现
16、代至当代艺术家作品为重点的国家艺术博物馆，是新中国成立以后的国家文化标记性建筑。主体大楼为仿古阁楼式，黄色琉璃瓦大屋顶，四周廊榭围绕，具有显明的民族建筑风格。主楼建筑面积18000多平方米 ，共有17个展览厅，展览总面积8300平方米。 中国美术馆现保藏各类美术作品10万余件，以19世纪末至今中国艺术名家与各时期代表作品为主，兼有局部古代书画与外国艺术作品，同时也包括丰富的民间美术作品。建馆以来，中国美术馆已举办数千场具有影响的各类美术展览，反映了中国美术旺盛开展的态势，也成为中国与国际艺术沟通的重要平台。 中国美术馆也留意通过网站及“数字美术馆”工程建立延展公众效劳内容与手段，网站3次改版，
17、建成10多个美术数据库，日益成为美术信息发布、检索与共享平台。2016年5月英语二级笔译答案Passage 1 1957年3月，简古多尔已站在伦敦的一个码头上，突然觉察自己的护照不见踪影了。再过几个小时，她该动身，踏上第一次去非洲的旅程。她的一位老同学移居内罗毕郊外的一座农场，知道古多尔自幼幻想与非洲的野生动物为伴，因此邀请她到家中小住。时年22岁的古多尔花了两时时间积攒去肯尼亚的旅费：她当过效劳员，做过文秘，还在家乡（英格兰南部海岸伯恩茅斯）的邮局干过临时工。如今看起来，这一切都白费了。 令人不禁感到惊异的是，虽然她后来的生活轨迹证明对环保工作，对科学以及对我们自身作为物种的相识上都至关重要
18、，若不是有人捡到护照与夹在里面的库克旅行社的行程表，并将其交到旅行社办事处，这一切都将会不行能了。旅行社的一位代表拿着这些材料在码头上找到了她。上个月，她回想起那天发生的事时对我说：“太不行思议了，真是一个惊喜。” 古多尔到了肯尼亚后，不到两个月，就遇见了古生物学家路易斯李基。对当地的白人来说，内罗毕当时就是个小镇。李基在自然史博物馆当馆长。马上就在博物馆给她支配了一个工作。接下来的三年中，他花了许多时间考察她有没有反复做一件工作的实力。 路易斯李基信任达尔文首提的一项假设：人类与黑猩猩是由一个共同祖先进化而来的。他认为，假设细致视察野外黑猩猩，我们就能进一步理解共同祖先。换言之，他在物色一个
19、人，能与非洲的野生动物一起生活。一天晚上，他对古尔多说，他知道有个地方正好让她做这项工作。贡贝河黑猩猩疼惜区，地点在英国殖民地坦噶尼喀（即今坦桑尼亚） 1960年7月，古尔多先乘船，然后乘摩托快艇在坦噶尼喀温煦的水面上航行数小时后，来到贡贝，在布满鹅卵石的湖岸上下了船。（2分） 1964年，她的探讨成果在自然杂志上发表，该成果证明黑猩猩会运用工具，用草叶把白蚁堆里的白蚁掏出来。这彻底变更了人类对自身的相识：人类不再是大自然中唯一会运用工具的物种。 古尔多用25年实现了自己儿时幻想后，突然改行，不当科学家，而当了一名环保工作者。Passage 2 科学家已觉察首个证据，说明夏季火星外表可能有卤水
20、流淌。特别重要的是确认火星外表有水。这将引发一系列问题，其中最主要的问题是：水从哪里来，它对觉察过去与如今的生命迹象意味着什么？ 他们觉察了可以证明生命痕迹的盐指纹。只有遍布火星赤道地区的悬崖峭壁上的狭窄沟槽内存在水，盐指纹才能形成。温煦夏季，火星上出现坡地，一旦降温，坡地便消逝。科学家们疑心，火星上的这些沟槽是水流冲刷而成，但以前始终无法测量这些沟槽。 水里含盐很重要。否则，当火星温度降到刺骨寒冷时，水就会冻结。水可能源自表层冰，也可能是盐从淡薄的火星大气层里汲取的水分，或者可能是由含水层的冒泡形成。 水的觉察很重要，这会影响到人们对于太阳系中最像地球的火星是否可以为今日微生物供应生命支持的
21、思索。 火星侦察轨道在火星最热时进展测量，因此，科学家们曾认为，即使有水痕或有水合矿物指纹，都可能蒸发了。而且，轨道航天器上的化学传感器不能拍摄小沟槽，它们通常不到16英尺宽。 但是，科学家开发了一个电脑程序，可以细致观测单个像素。然后，将这些数据与高区分率图像上的沟槽进展比照分析，科学家集中视察最宽沟槽，结果沟槽的地理位置与检测到的地理位置与检测到的水合盐完全匹配。 随后，美国国家航空航天局发表新闻公告，宣布“火星隐私已经揭开”，但却丝毫没有透露所谓“隐私”。奥基哈说：“美国国家航空航天局的公告有点言过其实了。”“还有太多的谜团尚待解开。” 不管水从哪里来，液态水前景如何，哪怕是季节性的，水
22、的觉察还是呈现了迷人的前景，即：火星可能为生命供应保障。但是，科学家们还须要获得更多有关水的化学信息后，才能对此进展评估。 美国国家航空航天局在轨的火星探测器“新奇号”已觉察证据，证明在过去的某个时间点，火星曾具有相宜微生物生命存在的全部物质与相宜环境。汉译英Passage 1 In the final analysis, the population issue is an issue of development. We should pay great attention to the relationship between the change in population and s
23、ustainable development, and give full consideration to the relationship between the quantity, quality, structure and distribution of the population. Inparticular, we should focus on the impact of the change in the population structure on economic and social development, incorporate the population is
24、sue in to the national plan for economic and social development and make sure that population growth is in keeping with the economic and social development as well as resources and the environment. Massive population migration has become an important force driving social transformation and economic
25、development, but it has also made families smaller and more diversified, and members of many live in separation. Population migration and change in family structure pose a challenge to public services and social governance. we should make great efforts to ensure equal access to basic public services
26、 among the migrant people and help them get equal opportunities to live and develop in cities and towns,letting them enjoy public resources and social welfare services and participate in political, economic, social and cultural activities on an equal footing,become independent economically, gain due
27、 social identity and achieve cultural integration. Passage 2 The National Art Museum of China (NAMOC) is a national art museum dedicated to collection, research and exhibitions of modern and contemporary artistic works in China. NAMOC is a national cultural landmark after founding of New China. The
28、main building, roofed with yellow glazed tiles and surrounded by corridors and pavilions, features the styles of ancient Chinese attics and traditional architecture. The building, with 17 exhibition halls covers an area of more than 18,000 square meters. It boasts an exhibition area of 8,300 square
29、meters. The museum houses more than 100,000 pieces of various collections, most of which are representative works of different periods and great art works of Chinese art masters from the end of the 19th century till today, constituting art development history since the beginning of modern China. Col
30、lections also include some ancient paintings and calligraphy works, foreign artistic works as well Since its establishment, the museum has held thousands of various influential exhibitions to become an important platform of artistic exchange between China and the world.NAMOC focuses on expanding public service contents and means through its website and “digital museum” project. The museum has upgraded its official website for 3 times and set up over 10 art databases, which have become a platform of releasing,searching and sharing art information.第 11 页