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1、沪教牛津版七年级上Unit3 The Earth单元目标：1.学会使用可数名词和不可数名词。 2There is/ are 的基本用法。 3.掌握本单元的重点词汇。核心词汇：Earth 地球 quiz 小测试 pattern 模式 protect 保护 report 报告 part 部分 land 陆地 field 田地 large 大的 provide 提供 pollution 污染 burn 燃烧 energy 能源 pollute(动词) 污染 ground 地面 kill 杀死 important 重要的 fact 事实 kilometer 公里 own 拥有 catch 捕捉 pro
2、blem问题 重要短语:protect tne Earth 保护地球 provide.with为.提供 make energy 制造能源 put.into把.倒入stop doing sth停止做某事 throw away扔掉常考句型：1. There are forests and rivers, mountains and fields. (地球上)有森林和河流，山脉和田野。 注：there be 结构常用来表示“某时或某地有某人或某物”，其形式为“there be +名词+地点状语+时间状语”，其中be动词为谓语动词，它的形式应与紧跟其后面做主语的名词保持人称和数的一致。 例：There
3、 is a desk and four chairs in the room. 房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。There are four chairs and a desk in the room.房间里有四把椅子和一张桌子。析: There be 结构与have(1)There be结构强调“存在关系”，而have强调“所属关系”。如. There is a boat in the river. 河里有一条船。I have a nice watch. 我有一块好看的手表。(2)表示“有”时，there be 结构不能与行为动词have连用，在表示“附属于某物/某地的东西”时，there be
4、结构可以与have替换。如：下周三有个班会。There is going to have a class meeting next Wednesday. (错)There is going to be a class meeting next Wednesday. (对)教室墙上有四扇窗户。There are four windows in the wall of the classroom.= The classroom has four windows in the wall.2. All plants need light and water.所有的植物都需要阳光和水。注：need在这为
5、实义动词，可用于各种句型，有人称和数的变化。Need也可作情态动词，但仅用于否定句或疑问句中，后接动词原形。例：Does he need to hand in his examination paper now?他需要现在交卷吗？-Must I finish my homework now?我必须先在完成我的作业吗？-No，you neednt.不，不需要。3.There are also many people like you and me on Earth.地球上也有很多像你我一样的人。注：also, 副词。意为“也”。例：Tom is going to Canada, Linda is
6、 also going to Canada.汤姆打算去加拿大，琳达耶也打算去。析：also,too和either三者都表示“也”，其中also和too可以替换，都可以用于肯定句和疑问句，但位置不同。also常放在实义动词前，be动词、连系动词后面；too常放在句末，too前面要加逗号。either只用于否定句。例：She plays the piano and sings, too. =She plays the piano and also sings. 她会弹琴也会唱歌。 I dont like the pink one, I dont like the red one either. 我
7、不喜欢那个粉色的，我也不喜欢那个红色的。3. Its important for us to protect the Earth for our future.为了我们的未来，保护地球很重要。 注:It在句中作形式主语，整整的主语为不定式to protect the Earth.动词不定式作主语，可以放在句前也可以放在句后。 句中的谓语动词用单数。语法专讲：名词的数：名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式。不可数名词一般没有复数形式。可数名词的单数往往要与补丁冠词a或an连用，复数则使用其复数形式。一 可数名词的单复数1. 单数可数名词表示名词的单数，要在
8、名词前加不定冠词a或an. a加载以辅音开头的名词前，an加在以元音开头的名词前。如： a book an apple 2. 复数可数名词 名词的复数形式是在单数名词后加上-s或“-es构成的，其复数的一半构成方法如下表：情况 构成方法 例词一般情况 在词尾加sdesk-desksgirl-girls以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词在词尾加-esbus-busesFish-fishes以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i再加-esFamiliesParty-parties以元音字母加y结尾的词在词尾加-sDay-daysKey-keys以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为v再加-esKnife-knivesW
9、ife-wives 以辅音字母加o结尾的词在词尾加-esPotato-potatoesHero-heroes 以元音字母加-o结尾的词在词尾加-sRadio-radiosZoo-zoos注意：（1）少数以辅音字母加o结尾的名词变为复数时只加-s。 如：photo-photos相片 piano-pianos钢琴（2） 一些名词的不规则变化a. 元音发生变化 man-men男人 woman-women女人 foot-feet脚 tooth-teeth牙b. 单复数形式相同Deer-deer鹿 fish-fish鱼 sheep-sheep绵羊 Chinese-Chinese中国人c. 词尾发生变化C
10、hild-children孩子 ox-oxen公牛d. 有些名词只有复数形式Clothes衣服 trousers裤子 glasses眼镜 scissors剪子二、 不可数名词1. 不可数名词的确切数量的表达方式当表示不可数名词的确切数量时，通常可在不可数名词前面加上表示数量的单位词。a glass of water一杯水 two glasses of water两杯水A kilo of meat一公斤肉 two kilos of meat两公斤肉2. 不可数名词的不确切数量的表达方式当表示不可数名词的各种大概、不确切的数量时，课运用下列单词和短语：单词：not (any) / no没有 lit
11、tle几乎没有 a little / some一些 most大部分， all全部 短语：a lot of / lots of /plenty of / much / a great deal of/. 许多There be结构There be结构又叫存在句，它是英语中一种常见的句型结构，表示“在某地存在某人或某物”。一、 there be 结构的肯定式二、 There be结构的主谓一致（就近原则）三、 There be结构的疑问式四、 There be 结构的否定式。课后练习：I.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1.They went for walks together in the f_.
12、 2.I want a l_ box; this is too small. 3.It is important for us to p_ the Earth for our future. 4.Plants absorb(吸收) e_ from the sun. 5.We shouldnt p_ our environment.II.根据所给汉语完成句子，每空一词 1.帮助他人是很重要的。_ _ _ help others. 2.不要忘记把垃圾丢掉。Dont forget to _ _ your rubbish. 3.我把杂志放入抽屉里。 I _ the magazine _ the dra
13、wer. 4.你们上星期日在共圆玩的高兴吗？Did you _ _ _ _ in the park last Sunday? 5.我们通常起点起床。We usually _ _ at 7 oclock. 6.在我们的城市里有800万人。_ _ eight million _ in our city. 7.布莱克先生拿起帽子走了出去。Mr Black _ _ his hat and went out. 8.请将这些句子从黑板上抄下来。 Please _ these sentences _ from the blackboard. 9.我们每人有一个书房。 _ of _ has a study.
14、10.从我家到学校我走了半小时。I walked for _ an hour _ my home _ school.III.写出下列名词的单复数 1.brush _ 2.wife_ 3.sheep _ 4.baby _ 5.box _ 6.Japanese _ 7.watch _ 8.policeman _ 9.houses_ 10.deer_ 11.teeth _ 12.men_ 13.are_ 14.oxen_ 15.mice_ 16.ladies_综合练习：一单项选择 I：选出可以替换换线部分的选项（ ）1.They provide the children with food and
15、books. A.give; with B.give; / C.satisfy; with D.Provide; to( )2.Today, there is a lot of pollution. A.many B. Lots of C.much D.a little( )3. He reports the theft to the police. A.says B.tells C.gives information about D.speaks( )4. The stove is burning. A.on fire B.empty C.full D.in danger( )5.The p
16、ollution pollutes the Earth and kills animals and plants. A.comes into living B.causes the death of C.endangers D.destroysII：选出最佳选项填在横线上使句意完整。（ ）1.Benny saw three _ climbing the walls. A.thiefs B.thief C.thieves D.thieve ( )2. - Tom,what are those? - They are_. A.dears B.a dear C.deer D.deeres( )3.T
17、here _ a book and two pens on the desk. A.is B.are C.be D./( )4.The boy is thirsty, he would like _.A. A cup of tea B. a bowl of chocolate C.a box of chocolate D. a piece of bread( )5.Maths _ my favourite subject. A.is B.am C.are D.be( )6.Its important _ us to study hard.A.to B.for C.of D.with( )7.T
18、here are many plants on Earth. Some live _ the land. Some live _ the water. A.under, on B.in, under C.on. under D.under, in( )8.We must stop _ the animals! A.kill B. To kill D.killed D.killing( )9.Dont _ rubbish into the river! A.go B.throw C.pull D.push( )10. Forests are very important. They provid
19、e us _ a lot of things.A. of B.to C.with D.for二 用所给词的正确形式填空。I:用be(am, is, are)的正确形式填空。1. There _ two boxes of toys.2. Water _ very important in our daily life.3. What _ those?4. They _ going to have lunch together.5. I _ studying now.II:根据语境，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。1. There are also many people like you and
20、 _ (I) on Earth.2. Its _ (importance) to find out what he is doing.3. There _ (be) two books and a pencil on the table.4. The young in our society need care and _ (protect).5. I went to many interesting _ (place) last year.6. Do you have any _(plant).7. _ (leaf) turn yellow in autumn.8. I have two _
21、 (piece) of news for you.9. I want to make _ (friend) with you.10. I want three _(glass) of juice, please.三完形填空。Please have a look at this picture of a family. Are these people_41_ ? No, they are not from China. They _42_ from America. This is an _43_ girl. Her name is Kate Brown. She is new in my c
22、lass. _44_ the two boys. The one in the red football clothes is Jim, the other one in black is Peter. They are the _45_ brothers, and Jim _46_ Peter. They are _47_ school. The man with glasses on his nose is _48_ father. The woman is their mother. _49_ are new teachers in our school. They _50_ us En
23、glish.( )41. A. AmericansB. ChineseC.English D. Japanese( )42. A. comes B. be C. are comingD. come ( )43.A. AmericaB. English C. American D. England( )44. A. look afterB. watch C. Look D. Look at ( )45. A. hersB. girls C. Kates D. Kate( )46. A. looks likeB. is looking likeC. looks the same D. look l
24、ike ( )47. A. go toB. in C. atD. go to the ( )48. A. they B. their C. theirs D. them ( )49. A. They B. TheirC. Them D. Theirs四阅读理解：（25分） (A)One day, Bruce played in front of a house. A woman came up and asked Bruce, “Little boy, is your mother at home?” “Yes, she is.” answered the boy. Then the woma
25、n went over to ring the bell. The bell rang and rang, but no one came to open the door. the woman got angry and called out to him, “You told me your mother was at home, didnt you?” “Yes,” the boy answered. “My mother is at home, but this isnt my home.”( )51.One day, Bruce played_. A. in a park B. in
26、 the street C. in front of a shop D. in front of a house( )52. The woman wanted to see _. A.Bruces mother B. Bruces father C. Bruce himself D. nobody( )53. The woman went over to _ after she talked with Bruce. A.knock at the door of the house B. ring the bell of the house C. give a call to his mothe
27、r D. ask his mother some questions( )54. The woman got _ because no one came to open the door. A. pleased. B. surprised C. angry D. afraid( )55. In the story the woman didnt find Bruces mother because_. A.she went to the wrong house B. she didnt know Bruces C Bruce was not at home D. Bruce didnt hav
28、e a mother(B)Mr. Johnson looked at his watch. It was half past seven. He got out of bed quickly. Then he washed and got dressed. He was late as usual, so he did not have time for breakfast. He ran all the way to the station and he arrived there just in time for the train. Mr. Johnson never eats anyt
29、hing in the morning. He always says to his friends at the office, “ It is nice to have breakfast in the morning, but its nicer to lie in bed!”( ) 56. Before Mr. Johnson got out of bed, _. A. he washed B. he got dressed C. he watched TV D. he looked at his watch ( ) 57. He got out of bed quickly beca
30、use _. A. he was late B. he didnt have breakfast C. he had to run all the way D. he looked at his time table( ) 58. He says something about breakfast to his friends at _. A. homeB. schoolC. workD. house( ) 59. How do you think he went there? A. By busB. On footC. By carD. By train( ) 60. The best ti
31、tle(标题) of the passage(文章) is _. A. Ran faster B. Never eat anything D. A lazy man D. Get up early(C)Do you know fish come out of eggs when they are born? After the little fish comes out of the egg, it eats the food in the egg. When it is big, it leaves the egg. It swims in the water. You can see th
32、e eyes and nose. Its ears are hidden(藏在) in the head. Some fish eat other fish. Some fish have small mouths and teeth and they often eat plants. ( ) 61.The fish is in _ before theyre born.A. an egg B. the body of its mother C. the water D. the body of its father ( )62.The fish eat _ after they come
33、out of the egg. A. some small fish B. big fish in the water C. other eggs D. the food in the egg ( ) 63. When the fish is big, it_. A. goes away from the egg B. doesnt come out of the egg C. eats the eggs D. swims in the egg ( ) 64. Which is right ? A. The fish has no ears. B. We can see the fishs n
34、ose, eyes and ears. C. The fish has ears in its head. D. The fish has no nose. ( ) 65. The passage tells us _. A. all big fish eat small fish B. fish with small mouths and teeth eat plants C. all fish have big mouths and teeth D. fishes dont have ears(D) Dear Lily, Thank you for your letter. How are
35、 you? I like your pictures (照片)very much！Here are some pictures of my family. I hope you like them, too. In Picture One, Im eating lunch at home with my parents. In the next picture, my brother and I are at school. Were playing football. In Picture Three, my sister is reading a book. In picture Four
36、, my mother and sister are shopping at a shop. In Picture Five, you can see my grandmother, grandfather and I. Were eating dinner at my grandparents home. My grandparents are really nice. I hope to hear from you soon.Sam( )66. There are _ picture of Sams family. A. four B. six C. five( )67. In Pictu
37、re One, Sam is _.A. eating lunch B. eating dinner C. eating breakfast( )68. In Picture Two, Sam and his _ are at school. A. sister B. brother C. parents( )69. In Picture Four, Sams mother and sister are _. A. working B. playing C. shopping( )70. In the last picture, they are _. A. on a bus B. at Sam
38、s grandparents home C. at school(E) Hello, my name is Linda. I am from England. Now I am in China with my parents. I like Chinese. They are very friendly to us. I like Chinese food, too. There are many different kinds of food. They are delicious. My father is Mr. Green. He works in a big company her
39、e. My mother is at home. She looks after my father and me. I have breakfast at home. My mother cooks it for me. I usually have an egg, a piece of bread and porridge for breakfast. I dont like milk. I have four lessons in the morning. My school is far from my home. So I have no time to go home for lu
40、nch. I just have snacks at school. The snacks are very good in two boxes. One has different food, the other has some rice in it. In the afternoon, I only have two lessons. After the lessons, I usually go home. My father takes me home in his car.I have supper at home with my parents. Sometimes we go
41、out to have dinner with our friends. We have fish, meat, vegetables, soup, rice and fruit for supper. I like Chinese dumplings very much. Write A(正确) or B(错误) to the following statements: ( )71. Linda is from England, but she is in China now.( )72. Linda goes to school by bus.( )73. Lindas mother doesnt go to work, she just stays at home.( )74. Linda likes Chinese food and Chinese people very much.( )75. Linda has snacks at home every day.