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1、2019-2020 年高考英语总复习：完形填空教案新人教版一、完形填空题，有以下几个特点：1. 短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。2. 短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其他题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙。有时还夹有描述和议论。3. 短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。4. 考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法。所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。5. 短文长度基本稳定，一般在250300 个单词左右。二、完形填空选项设置的几个特点1. 同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。2. 固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、
2、名词和介词、形容词和介词，典型句子结构的搭配3. 常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。4.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型三、完形填空的解题步骤1、通读全文，领会大意（23 分钟） 2 、逐句阅读，选出答案（67 分钟）3. 猜测难点、整体复查（23 分钟）1跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。2结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的
3、提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。3瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 36 页 - - - - - -
4、 - - - 着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。4复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。四、做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：1完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解 ，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。2第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克
5、服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。3做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。4每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其它三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。5动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同
6、样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。在不能确定答案的情况下，要凭语感和第一感觉。一经确定的答案不要轻易改动6. 结合生活常识和中西方文化及上下文选出最佳答案。总之，做完形填空题，了其大意，先易后难，瞻前顾后，通过直接暗示、间接暗示，前、后暗示，层次、段落暗示，逻辑、推断暗示做题是非常关键的。当然，更重要的是扩大阅读面，增加阅读量，积累语言经验，培养语感能力。望大家反复认真阅读，对提高解答完形填空的能力大有裨益。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 36
7、页 - - - - - - - - - 例题分析 1 Last Sunday I saw the worst storm in years. At first, the sky grew 1 all of a sudden. Within minutes, forks of lightening forced a way in the sky. Then it was 2 by the boom-boom -boom of 3 .A very strong wind blew into my room. My valuable notes 4 high into the air. I jump
8、ed up to 5 them but unluckily a few sheets 6 out of the open window. As I ran out to get the notes, big drops of rain begin to 7 .As soon as I ran into the house, the 8 begin to pour in waves. I 9 to close the windows. I did it but was wet all over. Then I heard a sudden loud 10 from the back of the
9、 house. A tree was broken. 1. A. bright B. grey C. blue D. dark 2. A. followed B. caused C. made D. brought 3. A. rain B thunder C. wind D. storm 4. A. threw B. jumped C. flew D. rose 5. A. take B. catch C.draw D. stop 6. A. moved B. came C. ran D. sailed 7. A. fall B. rain C. drop D. burst 8. A. st
10、orm B. water C. wind D. rain 9. A. walked B. fought C. went D. got 10. A. explosion B. scream C. voice D. sound 解题步骤：第一步 ：通读全文，领会大意此篇文章主要讲述作者在上星期天经历了一场暴风雨的故事，是一篇记叙文第二步 ：逐句阅读，选出答案。1.选 D. 首句没有设空，给我们提供了很多的信息，根据首句可以排除 A.C. 剩下 B 和D。B的意思灰白色的。D 是暗黑色的。根据storm 发生时的天气变化和生活常识2.选 A. 3. 选 B. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载
11、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 第 2 题和第 3 题要结合在一起看，因为这是一个完整的句子。从上一句中知道闪电过后，再根据 boom这个象声词，可以先确定第3 题应该是 thunder 。Then itwas 2 by the boom-boom-boom of thunder.此 处 的it 指 代 的 是lightening。BCD 答案中闪电不可以是由thunder引起和制造的。所以应该是闪电后紧接着 是thunder 。第 4 题 选 C
12、。通过上句中的a very strong wind. Notes 稿件、资料是较轻的，所以是飞起来 into the air。第 5 题 选 B 第 6 题 选 D 因为 notes 是 valuable.所以作者跳起来去抓（ catch ）, 但是unluckily资料 飘出了窗外 。A. moved 是在地面移动或搬迁 B. came C. ran notes 都不可发出这两个动作。 D sailed 航行、漂浮第 7 题 选 A 根据 big drops of rain 开始落下来了（fall）第 8 题 选 D 根据第 7 题 我一回到房间，雨begin to pour in wave
13、s. Waves形容雨下得更大了第 9 题 选 B A. walked 走去 C. went to close 我过去关 D. got to close 没有此搭配。虽然A.C. 结构都正确，但是由于前文雨下得很大如波浪般，风也很strong 。所以此处联系上下文，I did it but was wet all over。所以作者应该是fight to close。挣扎着 去关，用此词比较形象。第 10 题 选 D B.C 的两种声音都是人发出的，根据A tree was broken. 也不可能是爆炸。第三步猜测难点、整体复查。此篇文章中较难选的题有6 和 9 题 ，在第二步不能确定答案的
14、情况下，可以在第三步完成。考点总结1. 此篇文章基本属于同义、近义词辨析型。以名词和动词较多。2 上下文中有很多信息词和提示，所以也属于根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型3. 做题中要结合生活常识。例题分析 2 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、和）中，选出可以填入空白名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Fro
15、m the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I 21 a note. Often written on a napkin ( 餐巾 ), it might be a thank-you for a 22 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of 23 for the ing test or sporting event. In early grade schoo
16、l they 24 their notes. But as children grow older they bees self-conscious(有自我意识的 ), and 25 he reached high school, my older son, Marc, informed me he no longer 26 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 27 them but I still needed to write them, I 28 until the day he graduated. Six y
17、ears after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 29 for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college, 30 two internship (实习 ) in Washington, D.C., and 31 , being a technical assistant in Sacramento, 32 short vacation visits, however, he had live
18、d away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 33 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 34 making lunch for his younger brother, I 35 one for Marc, too. Imagine my 36 when I got a call from my 24-yere-old son, 37 his lunch. “Did I do something 38 ? Dont you love me 39 ,Mom? ” we
19、re just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 40 asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom, ” he answered. “Where s my note? ”21. A. carried B. found C. included D. held 22. A. difficult B. special C. fortable D. separate 23. A. congratulation B. improvement C. explanation D. encouragement 24. A.
20、 loved B. answered C. wrote D. examined 25. A. lately B. by the way C. by the time D. gradually 26. A. received B. understood C. enjoyed D. collected 27. A. copy B. read C. take D. send 28. A. held up B. gave up C. followed D. continued 29. A. out B. home C. to college D. to Sacramento 30. A. organi
21、zing B. planning C. paring D. pleting 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 31. A. hopefully B. finally C. particularly D. certainly 32. A. Because of B. Instead of C. Except for D. As for 33. A. especially B. immediately C. equa
22、lly D. generally 34. A. once B. again C. still D. even 35. A. packed B. fetched C. bought D. filled 36. A. fear B. surprise C. anger D. disappointment 37. A. waiting for B. worrying about C. caring for D. asking about 38. A. wrong B. funny C. strange D. smart 39. A. any more B. enough C. once more D
23、. better 40. A. interestingly B. bitterly C. politely D. laughingly 答案解析：21. 此题可用排除法，纸条是I 放在午饭中的，B、D 显然不对， A 项 carry这个词是携带的意思，与题意也不合，include除包括以外，还有放入，算进去的意思，合题意。22. 此题要结合前面a thank-you for，既是感谢的时刻，应用special特别的才对。23. 与上题一样，要结合空后面的意思选择，为要举行的考试或体育比赛写的话，该是鼓励的。2426. 可由上下文的意思分析选出。27. 母亲写条，孩子读。29. 可由下文提到的我
24、从最小的孩子走了以后，尤其希望大儿子回来推断出大儿子是想回家住几个月。30. 这些是做完了的事，所以用pleting. 31. 完成学业，经过实习以后，他终于成了技术助手，用finally符合语境。32. except for除了， as for至于；孩子住得远，只是除去短短的假期回家拜访。34. 做以前一直在做的事，still仍旧。36. surprise前文提到过大儿子在上大学的时候说过不需要母亲的纸条了，所以，对于现在大儿子对见不到纸条的失望，母亲感到的是惊奇。38、39. 儿子见不到母亲的纸条，很失望，所以打电话问是不是自己做得不好了。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - -
25、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 40. 可用排除法，laughingly笑着，符合当时母亲对儿子的态度。例题分析3 文章的题目Surfing ：Its Not Just for Boys Anymore明显地告诉我们，本文是关于女孩子对冲浪运动的看法，而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点：冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利！女孩子也能做，而且会有所成就。Surfing: Its Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high schoo
26、l girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing（冲浪运动）. But isnt that a boy thing? Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very f
27、irst day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my _6_, theres nothing like it. It involves（牵涉到） body, _7_, and soul. Theres sand between my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feelin
28、g I get when Im surfing across that _9_, being one with the_10_, is like Im weightless. 1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize 2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe 3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell 4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat 5. A. bring B. connect C. pare D. tie 6. A. work
29、B. study C. holiday D. life 7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time 8. A. along B. above C. around D. by 9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake 10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean 解题分析：1. B 前后照应逻辑推理词义比较 : 如果你询问高中的女生们她们最喜欢的体育运动的名字，她们不是告诉（tell），名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
30、名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 给予（ give ），意识到（realize），而是回答（answer）你询问的问题。2. A 常识运用逻辑推理词义比较 : 先看语境：前一句的意思是但是它难道不是男孩子的事情吗?（意思是：这是男孩子的事情。）；后一句的意思是 大多数人当然不 ，由社会的实际情况和这两句的意思可以判断出，只是有一部分人（不太多）对此问题（前一句）不理解（understand ），不相信（ believe），不能作出回答（reply ），而纳闷、惊奇（wonder），持怀疑态度，而大多数人却肯定地认为：冲浪运动
31、是男孩子的事情。3. D 固定搭配： fallbe in love with爱上，是固定结构，其它选项没有这种搭配形式。4. A 常识运用：因为文章是在谈论冲浪运动，冲上第一个浪（wave）去是我经历过的最佳感受，而不是暴风雨（storm ）、航海（ sail ）或船（ boat ）。5. C 固定搭配词义比较： 作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较（ pare）。connect with 连接，联络，将连起来； pare with与比较；tie up with和联系一起；bring带来，引起，通常不与 with 连用。6. D 逻辑推理常识运用：作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活（life）的组成部
32、分，她不仅仅只是在假期（holiday ）里冲浪，当然工作（work）和学习（ study ）也不能耽误。in my life是 在我的生活中 。7. A 常识运用词义比较：冲浪运动涉及到身体，智力、智慧（mind）和心灵、精神诸方面，这三个方面共同组成人的身心发展因素。8. C 常识运用逻辑推理：在海洋里进行冲浪运动，身体的沿线（along ），上面（ above），旁边（ by），而且身体的四周（around ）都是凉爽的咸水。9. B 常识运用逻辑推理：冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩（beach），有可能是在湖（lake ）里，但它主要还是脚踏冲浪板（ board ）在水（ water ）面上进
33、行。10. D 常识运用名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 逻辑推理：冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的，就有和海洋（ocean）融为一体的感觉。例题分析4 The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge（挑战） . You can never be the best suffer because the
34、 ocean _2_ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive（活跃有力的） and _3_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport. Ive _5_ to tell every
35、girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new _6_, so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate （主宰） ? Therere women _8_ side by side with the President of our countr
36、y, so why not side by side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will. 1. A. take B. get C. make D. keep 2. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects 3. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm 4. A. known B. right C. far D. different 5. A
37、. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised 6. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts 7. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting 8. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working 9. A. of B. from C. on D. with 10. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 参考答案 1. B ：作者不是从其他运动，而是从冲浪运动中获得（get ）了无止境的挑战的体
38、会。再则，前文 The feeling I get when Im surfing across that water，being one with the ocean名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 也有暗示。 take from 减少，降低； get from 从得到； make from 由制造； keep from阻止，隐瞒，抑制。2. C你永远也不会是最好的冲浪手，因为大洋呈现、 提供（offer ）的
39、是任何人都控制不了的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪。catch 抓住，捕获； include包括，包含； offer提供； collect收集，聚集。3. A有些冲浪手自由自在、娴熟流畅，有些冲浪手则活跃有力、生机勃勃。注意这两个句子的并列关系，应该特别注意free 和 flowing之间词义的顺承和协调自由而流畅 ，后句的aggressive and_3_也应该是这样一种意义联系，故选择A，sharp 可以表示 精明敏捷的，迅速活泼，有力有为 意思，其它三项在意义上与aggressive的顺承和协调相距甚远。4. D所有的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪，并使之不同于（different）其他运动。注意此
40、段第一句 The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge.也有所暗示。 （be）different from 和不同。 （be）far from 远离，远非； known和 right通常不与from 搭配。5. B我尽力（ try ）地劝我所认识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情。choose 选择、挑选； try试图、努力； learn学习； promise 答应、许诺。6. A 朝着新的水平（level ）不断前进是人类活动的组成部分。level水平，水准，标准，级别
41、； point 点，尖端； step 步调，步伐，步骤，措施；part 部分，局部。7. C所以女孩子们难道不应当拾级而上，开始冲破 （push）男人们过去主宰的事物的极限吗？reach 到达，伸出； accept 接受，认可；push 突出，突破攻击；set 放置，树立，调整。8. D在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐（sit ），步行（ walk ），战斗（ fight），而且并肩工作（ work）着。同时注意句子的一般现在时意义特征，表示经常性的行为。9. C所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球，外出一起冲浪呢？介词on 表示在供职 、（是）的成员，on the footba
42、ll team 的意思是 是/ 成为足球队队员 。10. B给女孩子一个获得成功（succeed ）的机会，让她们思考（think ），感觉（ feel ）表演（perform ），她们就都会有所成就。例题分析5 A Strange Greeting, a True Feeling Last week I was invited to a doctor s meeting at the Ruth hospital for incurables. In one of the wards a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and
43、moved towards me. I could see that he hadnt long 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - to 1 , but he came up to me and placed his right foot close mine on the floor. “Frank！” I cried in astonishment. He couldnt 2 , as I knew, bu
44、t all the time 3 his foot against mine. My 4 raced back more than thirty years to the 5 days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The 6 was an air-raid shelter, in which I and about hundred other people slept every night. Two of the regulars were Mrs. West and her son Frank. 7 wartime problems,
45、we shelter-dwellers got to 8 each other very well. Frank West 9 me because he wasnt 10 , not even at birth. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had 11 of a mind than a baby has. His “ 12 ” consisted of rough sounds sounds of pleasure or anger and 13 more. Mrs. West, then about 75, was a strong
46、, capable woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank 14 on her entirely. He needed all the 15 of a baby. One night a policeman came and told Mrs. West that her house had been flattened by a 500-pounder. She 16 nearly everything she owned. When that sort of thing happened, the rest of us helpe
47、d the 17 ones. So before we 18 that morning, I stood beside Frank and 19 my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a pair of shoes to the shelter for frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot against mine. After that, his 20 to
48、 me was always the same. 1Awork B stay Clive Dexpect 2Aanswer B speak Csmile Dlaugh 3Acovering B moving C fighting D pressing 4Aminds Bmemories C thoughts D brains 5Abetter B dark Cyounger Dold 6Acave Bplace Csight Dscene 7ADiscussing BSolving CSharing DSuffering 8Alearn from B talk to Chelp Dknow 9
49、Aneeded Brecognized Cinterested Dencouraged 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 10Anormal Bmon C unusual Dquick 11Amore Bworse C fewer Dless 12Aword Bspeech C sentence D language 13Anot Bno Csomething Dnothing 14Afed Bkept Cli
50、ved Ddepended 15Aattention B control Ctreatment Dmanagement 16Alost Bneeded C destroyed Dleft 17Atroublesome Bunlucky Cangry Dunpopular 18Aseparated B went C reunited Dreturned 19Apushed Btried Cshowed Dmeasured 20Anodding Bgreeting C meeting Dacting 参考答案及解析15 CADBB 6 10 DCDCA 1115 DBBDA 16 20 ABADB