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1、Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?Section A表示方位的介词表示方位的介词on the boxunder the boxin the box-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.near-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.next to-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.near-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ th
2、e box.next to-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.near-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.next toSchool Park Zoo Bridge StreetSupermarket BankThe supermarket is _ _ the bank.The zoo is _ _ the bank.The park is _ the school _ the zoo.across fromacross from betweenand schoolpay phone Bridge Stree
3、t park bank library hotel hospitalsupermarket-Wheres the ?-Its (一）语法一）语法 there be 句型的用法句型的用法1.there be 句型表示句型表示“某地有某物某地有某物”, 其结构为：其结构为：“There be + 某物某物/ 人人 + 某地、某时某地、某时”, 否定句否定句是在是在be 之后加之后加not, 疑问句疑问句是把是把be提到句首。提到句首。其中其中be动词的单复数形式与最靠近的主语在动词的单复数形式与最靠近的主语在数上保持一致。即数上保持一致。即就近原则就近原则。其回答为。其回答为: Yes, ther
4、e is/are. 或或No, there isnt/arent. 对 there be 句型中的某物进行提问用whats +地点？对 there be 句型中的数量进行提问用how many+名词复数 或how much +不可数名词。eg. There are two pears on the table.否定句一般疑问句肯否回答对划线部分提问There arent two pears on the table.Are there two pears on the table?Yes, there are. No, there arent.1231.Whats on the table?2
5、.How many pears are there on the table?3.Where are two pears?链接链接: there be 和和have都可译为汉语里的都可译为汉语里的“有有”，但有区别：但有区别：1) 含义不同。含义不同。there be 结构表示的是结构表示的是“某地有某地有某物某物/人人”, 强调强调“存在关系存在关系”; have表示表示“某人某人/ 物所有物所有”, 强调强调“所属关系所属关系”。如如: There is a bus in our factory. (公共汽车公共汽车 不一定是属于我们工厂所有的不一定是属于我们工厂所有的) Our fact
6、ory has a bus. (公共汽车是属于公共汽车是属于 我们工厂所有的我们工厂所有的)2) 句型不同。句型不同。there be 结构的句型为结构的句型为“There be + 某物某物/ 人人 + 某地某地”, 否定句是把否定句是把not放在放在be 之后之后, 疑问句是把疑问句是把be提到句首；提到句首；have句型为句型为“某人某人/ 物物 + have/ has +某物某物/人人”, 否定句通常是在否定句通常是在have前加前加dont (或或doesnt have)，疑问句是在句首加疑问句是在句首加do(第三人称单数加第三人称单数加does)。There isnt a cat
7、under the chair. 椅子下面没有一只猫。椅子下面没有一只猫。She doesnt have two brothers. 她没有两个弟弟。她没有两个弟弟。3) 当表示某物的构成和组成部分时当表示某物的构成和组成部分时, 用用there be 和和have均可。例如：均可。例如： Our school has twenty classes. (= There are twenty classes in our school.)1.There are some CDs on the desk. (改否定句改否定句)2. There is a teacher in the classro
8、om. (改一般疑问句，并否定回答及划线提问改一般疑问句，并否定回答及划线提问)There arent any CDs on the desk.How many CDs are there on the desk?-Is there a teacher in the classroom ? -No, there isnt.Who is in the classroom?3. She has an eraser. (改一般疑问句改一般疑问句, 并肯定回答并肯定回答)-Does she have an eraser ? -Yes, she does.4.There _( be) a bike un
9、der the tree.5.There _( be) some bikes under the tree.6.You _( have) a new book.7.He _(have) a new book.8.There _( be) an apple and two oranges on the table.9.There _( be) two oranges and an apple on the table.isarehavehasisare1.next to 接近接近, 邻近邻近(近义词近义词near) next to 的同义词是的同义词是beside, 意为意为“在在(某人或某物某
10、人或某物)旁边旁边”。例如：。例如： She sits beside me. = She sits next to me。 It is next to/near the hotel. 它邻近宾馆。它邻近宾馆。 He is standing near/next to his father. 他站在他父亲旁边。他站在他父亲旁边。（二）（二）Language points 2. in front of 在在的前面的前面反义词反义词 opposite wordbehind邮局前邮局前/ /后后超市前超市前/ /后后图书馆前图书馆前/ /后后in front of the post officebehi
11、nd the post officein front of the supermarketbehind the supermarketin front of the librarybehind the library区别区别in front of 和和 in/at the front ofBAA is in front of B.BAA is in/at the front of B.in front of 指位于某一外部的前面。指位于某一外部的前面。in the front of 指位于某一物体内指位于某一物体内部的前面。部的前面。at the front of指位于指位于某一物体内部的前面
12、的某一点。某一物体内部的前面的某一点。3. across from 介词词组介词词组, 意为意为“在在的对面的对面”。如：。如：We live across from the street. 我们住在街道的对面。我们住在街道的对面。在英语中在英语中, “在在的对面的对面”还可以用其他的短语还可以用其他的短语表示表示, 例如：例如：1) The bus stop is on the other side of the river. 汽车站在河对面。汽车站在河对面。2) The fruit shop is opposite the post office. 水果店在邮局对面。水果店在邮局对面。4.
13、 between 介词介词, 表示表示“在在中间中间”, 常与常与and 连接连接, 构成短语。例如：构成短语。例如：I sit between Lucy and Lily. 我坐在露西和莉莉中间。我坐在露西和莉莉中间。between 是指在两者之间是指在两者之间,或多者之中两两之间。或多者之中两两之间。 而而 among 是指在三者或三者以上的中间。例如：是指在三者或三者以上的中间。例如：There ia a break between two classes.My brother is among those boys. 我哥哥在那群男孩中间。我哥哥在那群男孩中间。5. left 这个词有
14、三种词性这个词有三种词性, 既可做形容词、副词既可做形容词、副词, 还可做名词。还可做名词。1) 作作形容词形容词时时, 用来修饰名词，意思是用来修饰名词，意思是“左边的左边的， 在左边的在左边的”。例如。例如： The pay phone is on the left side of the supermarket. 公用电话在超级市场的左边。公用电话在超级市场的左边。2) 作作副词副词时时, 用来修饰动词用来修饰动词, 意思是意思是“向左向左”。例如：例如： Go down to the end of the road and then turn left. 沿着这条路走到底再向左转。沿着
15、这条路走到底再向左转。3) 作作名词名词时时, 意思是意思是“左侧左侧, , 左方左方”。例如：例如： Come and sit on my left. 来来, 坐在我的左边。坐在我的左边。链接链接: right 是是left的反义词的反义词, 其用法和其用法和left 一样。一样。on the left / right , on ones left / right turn left /turn right这些词组常用在问路和指路的句型中。这些词组常用在问路和指路的句型中。6. across/through/over这三个词都有这三个词都有“穿过穿过, 通过通过”的意思，但的意思，但acro
16、ss它着重从某物的表面它着重从某物的表面“横过，穿过，横过，穿过，从一边到另一边从一边到另一边”；而；而through 强调从空间强调从空间内的一头纵穿到另一头，意思是内的一头纵穿到另一头，意思是“穿过，穿过，从从中通过中通过”, over多指从物体上空通过。多指从物体上空通过。 They walk _ the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥他们步行走过了这座桥。 He walks _ the park. 他步行穿过公园。他步行穿过公园。 The birds fly _the city.鸟儿从城市上空飞过。鸟儿从城市上空飞过。acrossthroughoverLight comes in
17、 _ the window.解析解析: “穿过桥穿过桥”是从桥的表面横跨；是从桥的表面横跨；“光线透过窗户照进来光线透过窗户照进来”强调光从窗户中强调光从窗户中通过通过through( (三）三）. .在英语中在英语中,“,“问路问路”的说法有很多种的说法有很多种, ,例如：例如：1.Excuse me. Where is the pay phone ? 2.Excuse me. How can I get to the library ? 3.Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the library ?4.Excuse me. Can you
18、tell me the way to the library ?5.Is there a library near here/around here/in the neighborhood?1. Go straight ( until the end ). 2. Go down/along Bridge Street.3. Turn left/right.4. Go across the street.5. Its down/along New Street on the left/right.6. Turn left/right at the first crossing(十字路口十字路口)
19、.7. Take the first turning(转弯处转弯处)on the left/right.Answering the way:1. post office _2. library _3. hotel _4. restaurant _5. bank _6. supermarket _7. street _8. pay phone _9. park _faeicbhgd1a. Match1b. Listen and circle the places in 1a you hear. Is there a hospital near here?Yes, there is. Its on
20、 Bridge Street.1c. Pairwork 462352a. Match the sentences with the pictures. 11. The police station is _ the restaurant and the hospital.2. The park is _ the bank.3. The hospital is _ Bridge Street.4. The pay phone is _ the post office. 5. The restaurant is _ the post office. 6. The hotel is _ the po
21、lice station. 2b. Listen and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.next toin front ofbetween behindacross from onbetween across from onin front of next tobehind-Its next to the police station.-Where is the hospital?2c. Pairwork Tony: Hi, excuse me.Linda: Yes. How can I help you? Tony: Well,Im
22、 new in town. Is there a bank around here?Linda: Yes, there is. Its on Center Street. Its across from the park. Tony: Oh wheres Center Street?Linda: Its not too far from here. I can walk with you. Tony: Oh, thats great! Thanks so much.Linda: No problem.2d. Role-play the conversation.Is there a bank
23、near here?Yes, there is. Its on Center Street.Are there any restaurants near here?Yes, theres one in front of the post office.Wheres the hotel?Its behind the police station.Wheres the bank?Its next to the post office.Wheres the park?Its arcoss from the bank, behind the hotel.Where are the pay phones
24、?Theyre between the post office and the library.Grammar Focus1. Wheres the bank?_2. Is there a restaurant on North Street?_3. Wheres the pay phone?_4. Wheres the post office?_5. Is there a hospital near the pay phone?_3a. Look at the map and answer the questions.1. Wheres the bank?_2. Is there a res
25、taurant on North Street?_3. Wheres the pay phone?_4. Wheres the post office?_5. Is there a hospital near the pay phone?_Answer the questions.Its between the hospital and the post office.Yes, theres one across from the police station.Its on North Street next to the police station.Its on New Street ne
26、xt to the bank.No, there isnt. Theres one on New Street.The bank is next to the hospital and across from the park._3b. Look at the map and write the sentences.1. The bank is between the hospital and the post office on New Street.2. The park is between Center Street and New Street.3. There is a restaurant on North Street.3c. Take turns to choose a place in the picture in 1a on page 43. Your classmates ask questions and then guess the place.