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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流考研英语词汇多义词【精品文档】第 9 页 考研英语词汇多义词 absorb: v. 吸收: to sweat 吸收并同化:ed into the pop culture 经受,承受: to these changes 使全神贯注 (be absorbed in)【解】前缀“ab-”,词根“sorb”(suck,吸) back: n. 背 反面,后面 v. 后退 支持 a. 到期未支付的,拖欠的: pay (rent) 【派】backup, backward, backbone 【搭】back up (支持,后背),back off(退让),back an
2、d forth, available: a. 可利用的,可获得的:the amount of money for spending 有空的,可会见的反busy 有效的,通用的:The ticket is on the day of issue only. 此票仅发售当天后效。 【解】前缀“a-”,词根“vail”(value),后缀“able”【派】avail; availability attend: v. 出席,参加 上学,上教堂 照料,看护:Doctors were rare and only attended to very sick patients. 注意,专心,倾听反ignore
3、:to attend closely music 【解】前缀“as-”,词根“tend”(take)【派】attention, attentive, attendance (到场人数,上座率) assume: v. 承担,采取,呈现:to responsibility 假定,以为,猜想侧重于没有真实的证据): When you have a language degree, people that you can speak the language fluently.【解】前缀“as-”,词根“sume”(take)【派】assumption其后常接同位语从句associate (注意动词发
4、音,而形容词和名词发音不同): v. 联想:to be d with old-fashioned values 使人联想到老派价值观 与有关系 与为伍含有贬义色彩:She spent her adolescence associating with criminals. /a. 副的,准的: associate members 准成员 / n. 同事,伙伴:a new set of s 一批新同事【解】前缀“as-”,词根“soc”(群体),后缀“ate” assert: v. 坚持,要求:to ones rights 宣称,断言(to state firmly and forcefully)
5、: a startling assertion 令人吃惊的看法【解】前缀“as-”,词根“sert”(say)【派】assertive(武断的,过分有自信的) approach: n. 路径,途径:an to the palace 方法,态度: He was highly commercial in his approach. 他的态度商业气十足。 v. 靠近,走进侧重最近距离 探讨,处理,对待 【解】前缀“ap-”,词根“proach”(走,走近) appreciation: n. 欣赏,赏识(= recognition) 感激,感谢(=gratitude) 领会,认识: a full of
6、 the implications 对牵涉之问题的充分了解【解】前缀“ap-”,词根“prec”(price),后缀“ation”【派】appreciate, appreciable (= noticeable) application n. 申请,请求: to complete forms 应用;运用:apps 用功,专心: immense talent, boundless energy and unremitting application 极高的天分、无限的精力和不懈的努力【解】词根“pli”(finger,手指)【派】apply; applicable (to) 适用于b与p为浊辅音
7、和清辅音的关系。pulse与搏击、敲打相关,如脉搏,bell(铃声,打铃)为隐喻。appeal: v./ n. 吸引,使感兴趣:appealing dolls 呼吁:a radio appeal 广播电台的呼吁 申诉,上诉: the Supreme Court had just turned down our appeal 最高法院刚刚驳回了我们的上诉【解】前缀“ap-”,词根“peal”(push, pulse)【派】appealing, unappealinganticipate: v. 预期,期待 (= await) 提前做(或采取行动)用于问题解决的语境中:Our service co
8、mes from the heart and anticipates your every need. (这个句子可以用于小作文的写作)【解】词根“anti”(前,先),词根“cip”(=take)。analogy: n. 类比,类推 相似,类似:bear a close to (或with) 具有与极为相似的特征【解】词根“ana”(依据,一致),词根“ology”(说,探究)【派】analogousamount: n. 数量,大量 总的含义,总效果,全部价值:The amount of his remarks is that 他的话的要旨是【搭】amount to (近乎,等于 有价值,有
9、重要性)【派】mount, mountain, insurmountable等。ambition: n. 雄心,抱负积极色彩 野心消极色彩 追求的目标(goal):to achieve an 【解】词根“amb”(行走,走动)【派】ambitiousalternative: n. 两者(或在两者以上之间)择一,取舍 选择的自由(余地) a. 供选择的;供替代的 另类的,非主流的:alternative media 另类媒体【搭】to have no alternative but to do 【解】词根“alt”(other)【派】alter; alteration; alternate; a
10、lternation; alien17 allow: v. 允许,准许 使能够,促使:Roads and railways allowed the world market to extend.【派】allowance(津贴,补贴)18 air: n. 空气,空中 神情,风采:a slight air of apology 装模作样,做作: with no of a formidable actress v. 使公开;炫耀: to ones views fully【搭】on the air(在广播中),up in the air(悬而未决)19 aggressive: a. 好斗的,咄咄逼人的
11、贬义色彩有闯劲的,积极进取的褒义色彩 过分的,放肆的贬义色彩 (= bold) 【解】前缀“ag-”,词根“gress”(走),后缀“-ive”20 advantage: n. 有利条件,有利因素常用于因果关系中 优点,益处 【搭】have the advantage over(胜过), take advantage of(接物利用,接人占便宜)21 adopt: v. 采取(态度、行动方针),采纳(计划等) 收养 【派】adoptive, adopted 【解】前缀“ad-”(表方向),词根“opt”(美好,选择)22 address: n. 地址 讲演,说话尤指正式性,对不太熟悉的人 v.
12、 致力于,处理,应付反义词ignore:to address the issue of the strike demands 着手处理罢工要求23 active: a. 活跃的,积极的 在活动中的,(疾病)在进展中的:an volcano 活火山有效的:an law23 act: v. 行为,行动 按行事:to on 装腔作势用于口语中 n. 一幕 法案,法令 【搭】act as(充当)【辨】act侧重具体,action侧重抽象24 acknowledge: v. 承认侧重承认某种真相或事实存在 公认,尊重某种地位、成就:to the discovery of Higgs boson 答谢:t
13、o the cheers of the crowd25 account: n. 账,账目,账户 报告,报道,描述 重要性,价值常用语因果关系语境中:It is of much (little) account that【搭】by all accounts (根据各种说法);take into account (考虑到);on account of (因为);account for (解释;占比重) 【派】accountable(应负有责任的)26 accommodate: v. 为提供住宿正式用语 适应;配合侧重被动适应:to accommodate to the idea (that)【解】
14、前缀“ac-”,“com-”,词根“mod”(母体),后缀“ate” 【派】accommodations27 access: n. 进入暗示着经历某种困难:to gain (to)使用(或查阅)的机会(或权利):to universalize to the internet 【解】前缀“ac-”,词根“cess”(走);本词极易与assess混淆 【派】accessible (to), inaccessible28 accept: v. 接受,接纳 相信:It is widely accepted that 引出大众的观点 【解】前缀“ac-”,词根“cept”(take,拿) 【派】unac
15、ceptable(不能接受,难以赞同):It is entirely unacceptable that 【辨】注意accept与receive的区别29 balance: n. 天平 平衡,均衡 余额,差额,剩余部分 (布局和比例等的)协调,和谐(harmony):a picture lacking in 布局和比例不协调的图画 v. 权衡,比较【解】前缀“ba”(bi,双),词根“lance”(scale,称)30 bargain: n. 便宜货,特价商品: prices 特价,廉价 v. 交易,成交 讨价还价,磋商:ing skills 讨价还价的技巧 【搭】a hard bargain
16、 杀价【解】词根“barg”(bar,柜台)。31 bear: n. 熊,熊市 v. 抬,载 承受,承担 生,开(花),结(果)【搭】bear some similarity to (与有些相似),bear in mind (记住,牢记)与汉语不同(形和声,整合词义),英语表音文字,不能用汉语思维去理解。在constitute中,词根“stitut”(stand),未必只是“站立”,还有“位置,矗立 ”等含义。正是这种英语思维方式。“共同构成作用”,词义演变,有“构成,体格”,名“宪法”等。32 benefit: n. 益处,好处 有利条件 (失业,生病等时的)补助费,救济金:to stay
17、off benefit 不依赖救济金【搭】for the benefit of (为了某人的利益,为了给某人看或听),benefit from 【派】beneficial 【解】词根“bene”(boon,好),词根“fit”(做): 33 block: n. (四条街道中间的)街区 妨碍,阻碍:Agreement had been blocked by certain governments. 协议的执行受到某些政府的阻挠。35 boycott: v. (联合)抵制(a refusal to be involved with something that you strongly disap
18、prove of, for example a refusal to buy food from a particular country)。【解】C.C. Boycott(1832-1878),在爱尔兰的英籍土地承租管理人,艰困时期拒减佃农地租遭抵制。besides:(除以外)常带有外加的含义,即“除以外,还有”。可后接名词短语、-ing分词短语。前有实义动词do时,还可后接不带to的不定式短语。例如:Besides the jury, the judg .36 budget: n. 预算 价格低廉:budget prices 低廉的价格v. 规划,安排:to ones debt repay
19、ment 做出还债规划【解】词根“bud”(pouch,钱袋)。37 bound: v. 弹回,反跃 a. 必然的,注定了的:The plan is to fail. 这个计划一定会失败。 受束缚的,(法律上或道德上)有义务的:be to ones job 密切相关的:be up with 与密切相关bound: 【派】“-bound”可以作为词根,“往去的;赴途中”,如“park-bound”(去公园的)。bind, binding(有法律约束力的)同义词辨析答疑: (1) verge: 指明显地标志某物范围或界限的边线或极窄的边沿。引申义指某种情况或状态发展的临界点。 (2) fringe
20、:本意为(头发的)“刘海,流苏”,比喻为次要事物或 .38 barely: ad. 仅仅,只不过(only just true or only just the case):have enough to eat 仅够糊口 几乎不,简直没有:He remembered anything she had said that day. 他简直记不起那天她说了些什么。【辨】注意区分barely, hardly, rarely,scarcely的。39 casual: a. 偶然的,意外事故造成的:a meeting 随便的,未经考虑的:a remark 随口说出的话 肤浅的,浅薄的:a acquain
21、tance 点头之交【派】casualty(伤亡率)40 cause: n. 起因,原因(反effect, result) 事业,奋斗目标:to revitalize the socialist cause 复兴社会主义事业 v. 导致【派】causal(原因的)【历史人文词汇】 history and human culture: 春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period;王朝 dynasty;清朝帝王 Qing emperors;慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi;祭祀 offer sacrifices;君主monarch;皇妃 imperial
22、 concubine;丞相 prime minister;太监 court eunuch;古装 ancient costume【每日英语名言】Accept the challenges so that you may feel the exhilaration of victory. 接受挑战吧,这样你才能感受到胜利的喜悦。George Patton(将军乔治巴顿)【十大吉祥汉字】 福 good fortune; 禄 prosperity; 寿 longevity; 喜 happiness; 财 wealth/money;和 harmonious; 爱 love,affection; 美 be
23、autiful,pretty; 吉 lucky; 德 virtue【海洋】了解,不用背喔。 ocean海洋;beach海滩; archipelago列岛;atoll环礁;bay海湾;coast海岸;coastline海岸线;gulf海湾;island岛屿;narrows海峡; oceanic trench海沟;promontory海角;coral reef珊瑚礁;sea海;seabed海底;sea cave海穴;seashore海边; shore海岸;shoreline海岸线【与月亮有关的英语词汇和短语】 moon away 虚度时光;over the moon 欣喜若狂 ;aim/level
24、 at the moon 想入非非, 野心太大 脚踏实地,Dons aim at the moon哦 as changeable as the moon 象月亮一样善变,反复无常;【头条报道 the headlines】 新闻快报breaking news;专题报道feature report; 新闻摘要 news roundup;深度报道in-depth report;后续报道follow-up report;独家报道exclusive report;实况报道live report;头版报道front-page report;;封面报道cover story;【I Love You】 Iin
25、ject投入、Lloyal忠诚、Oobservant用心、Vvaliant勇敢、Eenjoyment喜悦、Yyes愿意、Oobligation责任、Uunison和谐,这才是I Love You真实地内涵,也是对爱的一种诠释。【雾霾的相关表达】Haze 霾;Popular Science大众科学;相对湿度relative humidity;能见度visibility;Measurement计量方式;AQJ(Air Quality Index)大气质量指数;API(Air Pollution Index)大气污染指数;PM=Particulate matter;PM 10可吸入颗粒物;PM 2.
26、5可入肺颗粒物【用于夸奖的英语】gorgeous靓美养眼,hilarious热闹有料,fantastic可赞优秀,excellent出众超棒,intelligent聪明机灵,marvelous很好很强,bravo不错真好,brilliant赞绝了,glorious出色光辉,outstanding出众有才,superb超赞,impressive挺好,exquisite绝好,incomparable无与伦比(转自)【城市基本设施】school 学校;church 教堂;museum 博物馆;hospital 医院;gymnasium 体育馆;library 图书馆;court 法院;governm
27、ent 政府;theatre 剧院;park 公园;supermarket 超市;station 车站;post office 邮局;department store 百货商店;hotel 酒店;restaurant 餐馆;饭店 (转)【美国城市别称】City of Angels 天使之城(Los Angles 洛杉矶);Big Apple 大苹果(New York 纽约);Motor City 汽车城(Detroit 底特律); Windy City 风城 (Chicage 芝加哥);Steel City 钢都(Pittsburgh 匹兹堡);Chocolate Capital of the
28、 World 世界巧克力之都(Hershey 赫什)(转自)【形容性格】selfish 自私的 ; selfless 无私的; sensible 明白事理的; sensitive 敏感的;sincere 真诚的; smart 精明的; sociable 好交际的; spirited 生气勃勃的; talented 有才能的; temperate 稳健的; thoughtful 体贴人的; timid 但小的,羞怯的; trustworthy 值得信任的。【各种“走”】stagger 蹒跚;plod 吃力地走;pace 踱步;loiter 游荡;stride 大步行进;stray 走失;stru
29、t 昂首阔步;ramble 漫步;lurk 潜行;creep 蹑手蹑脚;crawl 匍匐前进;stroll 溜达;stumble 跌跌撞撞;trudge 步履维艰;lurch 摇摇晃晃【音乐类型】 Blues 蓝调;Jazz 爵士乐;Classical music 古典音乐;Rock and Roll 摇滚乐;Disco 迪斯科;Country Music 乡村音乐;Hip Hop 嘻哈音乐;Symphony 交响乐;Rhythm & Blues(R&B) 节奏布鲁斯;Punk 朋克;Folkmusic 民间音乐;Light Music 轻音乐【美国政府”关门”U.S. government
30、shutdown】预算budget;僵局impasse/deadlock; 财政finance;债务限额debt ceiling; 国会congress;财政部the Treasury ;批准approve;联邦支出federal spending;经济复苏economic recovery;医疗保健方案health care program【跟国家名有关的英语复合词】1.Italian hand 暗中干预;2.Spanish athlete 胡说八道的人;3.French leave 不辞而别;4.French grey 浅灰色;5.China aster 翠菊;6.Chinese puzz
31、le 难题,难解之迷;7.Dutch uncle 动辄训人的人;8.French window 落地长窗9.Dutch courage 酒后之勇【英文简历自我介绍常用词汇】high sense of responsibility责任感;cooperative有合作精神;hard-working勤奋的;aggressive有进取心;innovative有创新精神;sociable善于交际;easygoing容易相处;adaptable适应性强;analytical善于分析;pleasant personality性格开朗 The man who has made up his mind to w
32、in will never say impossible. 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说不可能的。Bonapart Napoleon(法国皇帝拿破仑)。【品德的单词】希望考研英语作文能用得到 社会公德 social codes of conduct;职业道德 professional ethics;家庭美德 family virtues;个人品德 individual integrity ;社会主义核心价值体系the system of core socialist values;【英语中容易混淆的词汇】 1、quite 相当 quiet 安静地; 2、affect v 影响,假装 effe
33、ct n 结果,影响; 3、adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行; 4、angel 天使 angle 角度; 5、contend 奋斗,斗争 content 内容,满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争,比赛。【eat不是吃】1.to eat ones heart out 嫉妒或悔恨;2.Eat ones dust落在别人后面(吃别人跑过掀起的尘土)3.You cannot have your cake and eat it too. 鱼和熊掌不能兼得 4.eat ones words 承认说错。5.eat humble pie 被迫认输服软。6.to go ba
34、ck on ones word食言on的短语搭配:1.be keen on 喜爱,渴望;2.from now on 从现在起;今后;3.hang on 坚持下去;4.go on a picnic 去野餐,去野炊;5.look down on 俯瞰(某处);看不起;6.play a trick on 捉弄某人,对某人恶作剧;7.on occasion 有时;偶尔;8.off and on 不时;断断续续地。【每日英语名言经验篇】 All is but lip-wisdom that wants experience. (Philip Sideney, British satesman)凡是没有实
35、际经验的,都只是口头智慧。(英国政治家 锡得尼 D .)【高效记单词12】,同源词: tractor拖拉机;attract吸引;contract合同;收缩;distract使分心;abstract摘要;抽象的;extract 取出; 拔出;detract降低,贬损;retract收回,取消;intractable难控制的。【每日英语名言经验篇】Expericence is not what happens to a man; it is what a man does with what happens to him. (Aldous Leonard Huxley, American writ
36、er) 经验不会从天而降;经验只有通过实践才能获得。(美国作家 郝胥黎.A.L.)【实用up表达】1.Buckle up!系好安全带!2. Eat/drink up!吃/喝完!3.Hands up!举起手来!4.Cheer up!振作起来!5.Hurry up!快点!6.Screw up!搞砸了!7.Wake up!醒醒!8.Stand up. 站起来。9.Get up. 起床。10.Pick up. 捡起来。11.Bottoms up!干杯!【每日英语名言文化篇】Art is much less important than life, but what a poor life withou
37、t it ! (Robert Motherwell, American painter) 艺术远没有生活重要,但是没有艺术生活是多么乏味呀!(美国画家 马赦韦尔 R)【每日英语名言】It has not been the time yet to give up as long as you still feel it is not the end.只要心里还存着不甘心,就还不到放弃的时候。It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. (Winston Churchill, British prime mi
38、nister) 不能爱哪行才干哪行,要干哪行爱哪行。(英国首相 丘吉尔.W.)【微博词汇】微博 microblog;转发 forward, to forward;评论 comment, to leave a comment;一条微博 a Weibo update/post;私信 private message (PM);粉丝 fans/followers;话题 topic;认证 verified account;热门话题 most popular topics / trending topics【每日英语名言】In order to succeed, your desire for succe
39、ss should be greater than your fear of failure! 为了赢得成功,你对成功的欲望必须超过你对失败的恐惧。【创业的七大必备条件】:充分的资源(Resources),可行的概念(Ideas),适当的基本技能(Skills),有关行业的知识(Knowledge),聪明才智(Intelligence), 网络和关系(Network),确定的目标(Goal)。 将七大条件的首个英文字母串在一起,恰好是RISKING(冒险)一词。【每日英语名言】I find life an exciting business and most exciting when it
40、is lived for others. (Helen Keller,Ameican writer)我发现生活是令人激动的事情,尤其是为别人活着时。(美国作家 海伦凯勒)【做人的十五个字母】和蔼amiable,勇敢brave, 创新creative, 勤劳diligent, 优雅elegant, 坦率frank,慷慨generous,诚实honest, 智慧intelligent, 公正just, 善良kind, 守法 legal, 谦逊modest, 敢于说不no。如果这些您都有了,却缺少zealous激情。【每日英语名言 】 If winter comes, can spring be f
41、ar behind ?( P. B. Shelley, British poet ) 冬天来了,春天还会远吗?( 英国诗人, 雪莱. P. B.)【各种学生】大学生 undergraduate/ college student/ university student;大一 freshman;大二 sophomore;大三 junior;大四 senior;毕业生 graduate; 研究生 graduate student/ post graduate;硕士研究生 master candidate/ master student;博士研究生 doctor candidate【thought】1
42、. lose ones train of thought 打断思路。I lost my train of thought. Where was I? 思路断了,刚才我说到哪了?2. second thoughts 重新考虑 Are you having second thoughts about this? 你是不是想重新考虑一下?3. school of thought 学派。如说各种流派,要说 schools of thought.【每日英语名言】All happy families are like one another; each unhappy family is unhappy
43、in its own way. (Leo Tolstoy ,Russian writer) 所有幸福的家庭都十分相似;而每个不幸的家庭各有各自的不幸。(俄国文学家 托尔斯泰.L.)【每日英语名言】Law is order , and good law is good order. (Aristole, Ancient Greek philosopher) 法律就是秩序,有好的法律才有 好的秩序。( 古希腊哲学家 亚里士多德)【各种人际关系】buddy哥们儿;colleague同事/同僚;confidante闺蜜/红颜知己(女性);intimate至交;mentor导师/指导者;sworn br
44、other结拜兄弟;superior/boss上司/老板;partner搭档;couple情侣;companion同伴;pen pal笔友;comrade-in-arms战友;fellow-apprentice师兄弟;bosom friend知心朋友【wind不只是风】1.take the wind out of sb.s sails杀杀某人的气焰2.a straw in the wind风吹草动3.hang in the wind犹豫不决4.cast an anchor to windward未雨绸缪5.three sheets in the wind酩酊大醉6.put the wind u
45、p紧张害怕【每日英语名言】Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation. (John Kennedy, American president) 从希望中得到欢乐,在苦难中保持坚韧。(美国总统 肯尼迪 J)【各种味道】tasty 美味的;spicy 辛辣的;fragrant 香的;hot 热的,辣的;sweet甜的;bitter苦的;bittersweet又苦又甜的;oily油腻的;sugary甜的;salty咸的;sour酸的,馊的;peppery胡椒味的,辣的;crispy酥脆的;greasy油腻的;bland清淡的;tasteless 无味的;flat
46、 淡而无味的【每日英语名言】 Perhaps you cant control your job, but you may be able to make other changes in your life. (Alan Loy Mcginnis ,British writer) 或许你不能支配自己的工作,但你能够使生活发生转变。(英国作家 麦金尼斯 A L)【每日英语名言】 He who allows himself to be insulted, deserves to be. (F.C.Comford, British writer) 自己甘愿受辱的人,受污辱也活该。(英国作家 科福德
47、 F C)【含有MAN的习语汇总】 man of the world阅历丰富、饱经世故的人 man of letters 文人、作家、学者 man of his word 守信用的人、说话算数的人 man of means 有钱人、财主 man of many parts 多才多艺的人 man of few words 沉默寡言的人 grumpy old man 怪脾气的臭老头【各种“disaster灾难”】灾难catastrophe;痛苦的灾难calamity ;水灾,洪水 flood;火灾 fire;旱灾 drought;飓风 hurricane;台风 typhoon;龙卷风 tornado;地震 earthquake;海啸 tsunami;雪崩 avalanche;暴风雪 snowstorm/blizzard;泥石流 mudslide;火山爆发 volcanic eruption【每日英语名言】Economy the poor mans mints; extravagance the rich mans pitfall.(Martin Tupper. American economist.) 节约是穷人的造币厂,浪费是富人的陷阱。(美国经济学家 塔珀 .M.)绝对必考词之:eligible (常作 eligible