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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流牛津高中英语模块三Unit1-语法讲解和训练-名词性从句【精品文档】第 8 页模块三Unit1 语法讲解和训练 名词性从句 2011/2/21一、概述在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。二、名词性从句的引导词1、连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever等2、连接副词：when, where, why, how等3、从属连词: that, whether, if, as if, because (as if, because 只引导
2、表语从句)连接代词和连接副词在句中不再是疑问词，因而从句中用陈述语序。三、用法详解（一）主语从句1、主语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether引导。that不可省略。 That you dont like him has nothing to do with me.Whether John can do the experiment remains a question. Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.What surprised me most was that such
3、a little girl can play the violin so well.2、当主语过长时，常常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句放在主句后面。常用句型有：1) It +be +形容词（true, possible, certain, likely, surprising, strange, important）+ that从句Its certain that she will do well in the exam.Its likely that he will tell me everything about that night. 2) It +be +名词词组（no won
4、der, an honor, a pity, high time等）+that 从句Its a pity that he cant come.Its high time that you turned in your homework.3) It +be +过去分词（said, reported, expected, supposed等）+that 从句Its said that he is quite self-confident.Its reported that a letter from the university has reached him.4) It +seem/ happe
5、n/look as if等+that从句 tIt seems that Alice is not coming.It happened that I was a witness to the accident.5) It +doesnt matter(make no difference)+wh-It doesnt matter whether you know my name or not.It makes no difference to me where we shall have the meeting.（二）宾语从句 1、宾语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whethe
6、r, if引导。可做及物动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。这些形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced, anxious, disappointed, worried, glad, happy, sorry, amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。如： They promised (us) that they would respect our privacy. Do you know whether/if any decision has
7、 been arrived at?Scientists demand to know when and where they are wrong.I am afraid that their team will win the match.He remains confident that he will win. 他仍然自信他会赢 We were rather disappointed that you were not able to come yesterday.2、在make, find, see, consider等后+it作形式宾语，如：We consider it necessa
8、ry that we should finish our homework in time. He has made it clear that he wont agree to the plan. People in ancient times took it for granted that the earth was flat.3、介词后面的宾语从句一般不能由that直接引导, 只有在except, in等少数词后，而且that不可省略。His composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes. H
9、e differs from his classmates in that he devotes his spare time to reading.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.要不是他当时手头紧，他会帮助我们的。4、其他一些词后常要用it先行一步再接宾语从句： depend on it that see to it that appreciate it that hate/like/disl
10、ike it when You can depend on it that they will support you. I hate it when people speak with their mouths full of food. Please see to it that the door are locked. 5、doubt一词肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句，在疑问句和否定句中只能用that引导。I doubt whether really understand me.I dont doubt that he will come on time.Do you dou
11、bt that he will come on time?6、宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略。The boy thinks, in fact, that smoking is bad for his health.（B）在非正式文体中，由that引导的宾语分句中，从属连词that常省略，但是如果有两个that分句同时作句子的宾语时，第二个that通常不能省略，以免引起歧义。I understand (that) you have studied Chi
12、nese, and that you have written Chinese poetry.She denied (that) she had seen the men and that she had been in touch with him.（三）表语从句1、表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, as if, because引导。引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。 The trouble is that I have lost the document. That is where she was born.My anger is because
13、he often tell lies. It looks as if we will be late.My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.2、注意点：(1) Suggestion, decision, advice, idea, proposal, order, demand等作主语的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟should+动词原形。My suggestion is that we should give him another chance.Her requirement is that she sho
14、uld be sent to Tibet to work.(2)主句主语是reason时, 表语从句只能用that引导，不能用because。句子结构为：The reason whyis thatThe reason why he was late for school was that he missed the bus.但如果it/this/that等作主语时，可用because引导表语从句：It/This/That is because That was because he had been ill.（四）同位语从句1、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。这
15、些名词有：fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, suggestion等。The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many people.The question who should do the work requires consideration.2、分隔现象：同位语从句有时与从句分开。如：My suggestion has been taken that we should colle
16、ct money for the poor girl.An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air.3、 同位语从句和定于从句的区别：同位语从句是队前面的名词补充说明；定语从句是对前面的名词进行修饰限定作用。同位语从句中的that只起连接作用，不担任句子成分，不可以省略；定语从句中的that除了起引导作用外还在定于从句中担任主语或宾语或表语，任宾语时可以省略。区别：The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy snow is coming.The news
17、 that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. 四、注意点1、whether和if的区别（1）在宾语从句中可互换，但当宾语从句是否定时只用if。 He asked me if I hadnt finished my homework.（2）在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether。（3）当与or not 联用时只能用whether。（4）在动词不定式前面只能用whether。如：They havent decided whether to go.（5）在介词后只能用whether。如：It depends
18、on whether we have enough time.2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：Hello, IdidntknowyouwereinLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsataveryhighspeed.（2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词
19、用单数。如：Whenthemeetingwillbeginhas notbeendecidedyet.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygohave notbeendecidedyet.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeginhas notbeendecided.高考名词性从句试题一、主语从句1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. (1992) A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. Whether2. _ is a fact that English is accepted as an
20、international language. (1995) A. ThereB. ThisC. ThatD. It3. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (1996) A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where4. _ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. （2007年山东）AThis BThat CWhat DIt 5. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe
21、 yourself.（07福建）A. howB. whatC. whichD. when6. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice. （2007年全国2）A. WhatB. WhyC. WhereD. Which7. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (08福建)A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which8. some people regard as a drawback is seen as
22、a plus by many others. （北京）A. Whether B. What C. That D. How9. It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. （10浙江9）A. that B. what C. how D. whether二、宾语从句10. It was a matter of _ would take the position. (1998) A. whoB. whoeverC. whom
23、D. whomever11. We havent settled the question of _ it is necessary for him to study abroad. （06江苏）A. if B. where C. whether D. that12. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants. (2002上海) A. whatB. whichC. whenD. that13. W
24、e cannot figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.A. thatB. asC. whyD. when (04北京)14. I think Father would like to know _ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him aquick note. A. whichB. whyC. whatD. how (2004湖南)15. A modern city has been set up in_ was a wastel
25、and ten years ago . (2004天津) A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where16. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (04上海春季)A. asB. whichC. whatD. that17. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game . （2005北京）A. whyB. whatC. whoD. that18. The
26、 way he did it was different we were used to. (2005江西)A. in whichB. in what C. from what D. from which 19. Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future. (04广东)A. thatB. howC. suchD. so20. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _ silly mistakes I
27、had made. (2005 湖南) A. what B. that C. how D. which21. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action. (2006湖南)A. whichB. that C. what D. whether22. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （06全国I）A. where B.
28、 when C. how D. what23. I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. （2006山东）A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is24. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. （2007年江苏） A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether25.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.
29、Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. （2007年天津）A. what B. which C. how D. where26. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. （2007年安徽） A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that27. The companies are working together to
30、create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (08北京30) A. which B. that C. what D. who28. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life. (09湖南28)A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever29. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can
31、react more appropriately on such occasions.A. what B. which C. that D. how (09上海40)30. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. (09江苏34)A. asB. that C. which D. what31. The little girl who got lost decided to rema
32、in _she was and wait for her mother.A. where B. what C. how D. who (09山东28)32. I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. （10湖北31）A. who B. where C. what D. how33. -Have you finished the book?-No, Ive read up to _the children discover the secret cave. （10全国10）A. which B. what C. that D. where34.
33、Students are always interested in finding out _ they can go with a new teacher. (08安徽29)Ahow far Bhow soon Chow often Dhow long35. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering （10上海）C. is he entering
34、 which lane D. which lane is he entering三、表语从句36. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that _ you had a few days off? (1999 )A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where37. _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. (2000 ) A. That; whatB. What; whyC. What;
35、becauseD. Why; that38. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. (2001) A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why39. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. （2007年上海） A. whenB. whyC. whetherD. that40. Why not try your
36、luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. （2007年浙江） A. where B. what C. when D. why 41. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. (08天津12) A. where B. how C. when D. why 42. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops
37、and restaurants. （10上海36）A. that B. how C. what D. why43. -I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. -Thats_I dont agree.You should have a more active life. （10江苏35）A. where B. how C. when D. what44. Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfie
38、ld, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. （10北京32）A. what B. that C. why D. whether四、同位语从句45. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match. (2001) A. There; thatB. It; thatC. There; whetherD. It; whether46. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in ti
39、me for the race.（06天津）A. that B. which C. until D. if47. -Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport? (09浙江12)-No problem.A. WhenB. that C. whether D. what48. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need _. (2003上海) A. that; to be impro
40、vedB. which; to be improved C. where; improvingD. when; improving 49. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. (2004上海)A. when B. whereC. whatD. that50. Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the aft
41、ernoon. (05浙江) A. whoB. thatC. asD. which51. - Its thirty years since we last met. （06四川） - But I still remember the story, believe it or not,_we got lost on a rainy night. A. which B. that C. what D. when52. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class he had to meet his uncle at the
42、airport.（2006重庆）A. whyB. that C. where D. because53. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. (09江西33)A. what B. which C. that D. though54. News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C. that D. where (09四川7)55. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether56. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any