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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流初中感叹句 历年中考真题【精品文档】第 12 页中考-感叹句专项训练知识清单一、什么叫感叹句感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句句末通常用感叹号,读时一般用降调。二、感叹句的基本句型【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What a clever boy he is! (他是个)多么聪明的男孩啊!What an interesting story it is! (这是个)多么有趣的故事啊!What fine weather it is! 多好的天气啊!What beautiful flowers th
2、ey are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊!【说明】 在感叹句中,What a / an 常用来修饰单数可数名词,若其前面的形容词为元音开头,则用 an。what 是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。但有些不可数名词,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,当前面有形容词修饰,使抽象名词具体化时,则要用 what a / an,如:What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一场雨啊!What a great surprise it is! 这多么令人惊奇啊!What a rich breakfast it is! 多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊!【句型二】H
3、ow + 形容词 / 副词 + 主语 + 谓语!How well you look! 你气色真好!How kind you are! 你心肠真好!How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好听!Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!How clever the boy is! 这个男孩多么聪明啊!How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句,但动词不提前。如:How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成为一名医生啊!How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!感叹句型总结How +形
4、容词+ a +名词+其他成分!How+形容词或副词+其他成分!What +名词+其他成分!What +a+形容词+名词+其他成分!What + 形容词+复数名词+其他成分!What + 形容词+不可数名词+其他成分!请看以下例子:Its an interesting film. 这是一部有趣的电影。What an interesting film it is! 这是一部多有趣的电影啊!Its wonderful weather. 天气很好。What wonderful weather! 天气真好!He did the work carefully. 他做这工作很仔细。How carefully
5、 he did the work! 他做这工作多仔细啊!Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。How quickly time passed! 时间过得真快what类感叹句省略形容词1. 当其中的名词带有形容词的意味时What luck! 真幸运! What fools! 真是些笨蛋! What a surprise! 真是意想不到! What fun we could have! 我们玩得多开心啊2. 当进行批评时What nonsense! 一派胡言!What a shame! 多可耻(惜)!What a mess! 多么脏乱啊!What a thing to say!
6、多么难听的话啊! What a way to behave! 举止多么不文明啊! What a time to choose! 怎么选了这么个时间!What a way to bring up a child! 怎么用这种方法带孩子!What a mess we have made of everything! 我们把一切事情都搞得多糟啊!3. 当表示强调或夸张时Oh, what a lie! 啊,多大的谎言!What a night! 多糟糕的一个晚上!What a crime he has committed! 他犯了多大的罪啊!What a hero that soldier has b
7、een! 那个士兵真是个英雄!What a mistake is to have come here! 来到这里是真是个错误!4. 当表示蔑视时What a man he is! 那家伙算什么!注:有时在没有上下文,意思可能不确定。如:What a day! 看这天气! (是褒是贬,视具体情况而定) how在感叹句中修饰动词感叹句有时可用“how+主语+动词”构成,此是how直接用于修饰动词。如:How I missed you. 我多么想念你啊。How youve grown! 你都长这么大啦!How youve changed! 你的变化真大! How he wished for a dr
8、ink! 他多希望能有点东西喝!How things get around! Everyone must know you are in town. 消息传得多快!人们一定都知道你到城里来了 三、注意 (1) 有时感叹句句末可能跟有不定式或动名词等结构: What a joy being with you! 和你在一起真是令人高兴! What a joy to have you with us! 有你和我们在一起真令人高兴! Oh, what a mistake it is to have come! 啊,来这里是个多大的错误呀! (2) 该结构中的形容词不能是表数量的many, much,
9、little, few,遇此情况要用how,即使它们后面跟有名词: How many books he has! 他的书真多! How much money he gave her! 他给了她好多钱呀! How little money I have! 我的钱多么少呀! How few friends he has! 他的朋友真少! 比较:What a little box it is! 多小巧的盒子呀!(该little不表示数量)(3)有时句中的主语和谓语可以省略: How fast! 多快呀! How nice! 多好呀! How beautiful! 多美呀! How nice of y
10、ou to come! 你来了真好! 四. 其他形式的感叹句 感叹句除用what和how引出外,还可有其他许多形式,如可用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句等,有时甚至一个单词或一个短语也可用作感叹句: Stop talking! 不要讲话了! Isnt it a lovely day! 天气真好! The garden looks so lovely today! 这花园今天真美! Fire! 失火了!Very good! 很好!There was no face showing!Hes such a nice boy!The Great Wall is a magnificent building!I
11、snt it snowing heavily!Wonderful!Nonsense!Happy New Year to you!Cheer! 注意陈述句用作感叹句时,句中通常有so, such, really等加强语气的词语;疑问句用作感叹句,句子多为否定疑问句形式。五、感叹句巧解五法 (1)一找二断三辨四确定:构成感叹句的感叹词有两个:what和how,其基本结构是:1)What名词陈述肯定式:2)How形容词(或副词)陈述肯定式很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。如:_cold water this is!AHow BWhat_cold it is!AWhat BHow如果
12、我们采取“一找二断三辨四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。“一找”即先找出句中的主语。“二断”就是在句中的名词(形容词、副词等)与代词(或名词)之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开(因this是指示代词),断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性,也就是所谓“三辨”,句中断线前的词是water,而water是名词。第四步,就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断:_coldit is!断开线其前cold是形容词,故应填How。上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法,即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还
13、要注意,如果断开后,断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词,千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a(an)。例如:_nice present it is!AHow BWhatCHow DWhat a用上述方法,从present与it之间断开,断线前present是名词,且为单数可数名词,nice又以辅音开头,故选D。(2)“断找去添改”五步法:若把一个陈述句变为感叹句,可以采取这“五步法”。如:The picture is very beautiful断:在陈述句中的谓语动词后将句子断开:The picture isvery beautiful找:划出断线后的中心词是何词类。去:中心词是形容词或副词时,
14、要把修饰该形容词或副词的词去掉。(比如本句中心词beautiful是形容词,修饰该词的是very,变时应去掉very。但须注意,线后如果是名词,名词前的修饰语是万万不能去掉的。添:就是添上感叹词。如果线后的中心词是名词,就添What;是形容词或副词就添How。改:将陈述句句前的大写改为小写,将变为感叹句的感叹词及其修饰的名词部分放在句首,感叹词首写字母改为大写。同时句尾的标点由陈述句的句号改为感叹句的感叹号。据此,上句就变成了:How beautiful the picture is!再如:要把“He is a good student”变成感叹句,可如上法炮制:He isa good stu
15、dent中心词是名词student,a good为修饰student的修饰语,不能去掉,故变成感叹句应选感叹词what,变成:What a good student he is!(3)一断二加三换位:例:1)This is a beautiful flower2)This flower is beautiful“一断”:在谓语动词后将此句划断。1)This isa beautiful flower2)This flower isbeautiful“二加”:在第二部分前加引起感叹句的“What或How”;中心词为名词时加“What”;是形容词、副词加“How”。1)What a beautifu
16、l flower2)How beautiful“三换位”:将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。1)What a beautiful flower this is!2)How beautiful this flower is!(4)句型记忆法:因how和what的词性及其在句中的功能不同,由它们引起的感叹句句型可归纳为7种。如果记住这7种句套子,做任何感叹句题都易如反掌。例:从题前A、B、C、D所表示的词或短语中选择正确答案,完成下列各句:A=What B=What a C=What an D=How_pleasant surprise you gave me!_good news we have g
17、ot!_good a TV set weye bought!_unpleasant experience you had last year!对了,答案依次为BADC。(5)歌诀记忆法:感叹句中what和how的选用,关键看形容词后面是否有名词。如果有,用what(a,an);如果没有,用how(至于副词,其前永远用how)。记住下面歌诀更方便。what,how如何选? 先在后面把名词找,若有名词用what, 若无名词必用how。what,how提句首, 其它紧跟别忘了。主谓一起挪最后, 常常可以被省掉。中考链接1. (14年哈尔滨) _ wonderful furniture! Congra
18、tulations to you on moving into such a nice house.A. How B. What C. What a 2. (13年河北) _ great picture! Who painted it?A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 3. (13年湖南) _ clever the boy is!A. How B. What C. What a4. (13年江苏南京) _ weather it is! We cant go boating on the Xuanwu Lake.A. What good B. How good
19、C. How bad D. What bad5. (13年江苏苏州)_ a beautiful car! Ive never seen it before.A. What B. Which C. How D. Whether6. (13年山东青岛) _ it is today! Yea. Shall we go hiking?A. How fine weather B. What fine weather C. What a fine weather D.How fine the weather7. (12年福建福州)- Steve, did you see the lantern show
20、when you were in Fuzhou? - Of course! _ beautiful lanterns!A. What B. How C. What a 8. (11年哈尔滨) -The CCTV reported that the premier Wen jiabao played basketball with some students on Childrens Day. - _! A. What amazing news B. How amazing news C. What an amazing news9. (10年上海) _ exciting sport it is
21、 to climb the mountains! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an10. (09年广东) _ terrible weather we had last Sunday!A. What B. What a C. Such D. How 11. (15年哈尔滨) What _ good news! Our school band will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August. A. a B. the C. /答案: BDADABAADAC模拟中考1. (13年河北唐山) _ exciting news
22、it is! Ive passed the entrance exam to the famous universuty!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 2. (13年湖北)-My mom works as a teacher and she likes her students very much. - _ great job it is ! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 3. (11年山东) _ great man Huang Furong is! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
23、4. (11年江苏) -Ive just got a postcard from my pen friend. - Let me have a look. Wow. _ nice card!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 5. (13年江苏扬州) _ great fun they are having in the sitting room !A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 6. (12年河南郑州) _ pretty your dress is ! Where did you get it ?A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 7. (11年山西) _ delicious Linwu Duck is! A. How B. What C. What a 答案: ADDBAAA