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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流初中英语数词讲解及专项练习【精品文档】第 6 页数词的讲解一、定义：表示数目或顺序。二、分类：分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。三、基数词的构成：1）1-12的基数词是独立的单词，即： one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight， nine，ten，eleven，twelve。2）13-19的基数词以-teen结尾。如： fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18较特殊， 13thirteen, 15fifteen, 18eighteen。3）20-90的
2、整十位均以-ty结尾。如： sixty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊， 20twenty, 30thirty, 40forty, 50fifty, 80eighty。4）十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号-，如：28-twenty-eight，96-ninety-six。5）百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and，如：148one hundred and forty-eight 406four hundred and six6）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，several, some,
3、many也不能在它们的后面加-s。如：six hundred， eight million。如果表示不确定数目时，用hundreds of /thousands of /millions of /billions of +名词复数,前面不能再加数字。7）1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million），第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用几十个千（thousand）表示几万，几百个千（thousand）表示几十万。如：2，510two thousand five hundred and
4、ten84，296eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-six274，350two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。四、序数词的构成：1）序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成，如： fourth, tenth,但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。Onefirst, twosecond, threethird, fivefifth, nineninth, twelvetwelfth2） 以_ty 结尾的单词， 要先变y为i, 在加-eth.。如：t
5、hirtythirtieth, fiftyfiftieth3） 以one, two, three 等结尾的多位数词， 要将个位数变成序数词。 如： twenty-onetwenty-first, one hundred and oneone hundred and first 注意： 序数词前常用定冠词， 有时还可以用不定冠词 a/an 则表示 又一 的意思。（没有具体范围的限制）如： Mr. Brown has a second car. 布朗先生另外还有一辆车。 He has tried a second time. 他又尝试了一次。五、数词的应用1）时刻的表示：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用
6、基数词。 “几点钟”用基数词加oclock。oclock 可省略。如：5点钟-five（oclock） “几点过几分”，30分钟用介词past。如： 7：15fifteen/ a quarter past seven 7：30half past seven “差几分几点”用介词to。如：7：40twenty to eight 7：45fifteen / a quarter to eight 。日常生活中的时间读法常常简化，直接按基数词的顺序读。如：7：05seven o five 7：15seven fifteen。2）年月日的表示：年份用基数词，如：1999年nineteen ninety-
7、nine 1900年nineteen hundred 2000年two thousand 1905年nineteen o five；年用基数词，日用序数词。如：1998年6月8日 写作：June 8，1998；读作：June the eighth， nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June， nineteen ninety-eight。3）世纪、年代表示法，如：（在）90年代 (in) the nineties（在）19世纪 (in) the nineteenth century（在）18世纪30年代 (in) the 1730s或in the 1730
8、s4）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后边,该名词一般要大写；序数词放到名词的前面，加定冠词。 Lesson 1/ the first lesson第一课 Row 3/ the third row 第三排 Bus No3the No3bus 3路公共汽车。表示住所时不用No如： Room 302读作：room three o two 302房间。 如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词。如：Page 457 第457页。 电话号码，用基数词，如：3855633-three eight double five six double three。5）分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母
9、则加s。如：13 one third 23two thirds 12 a / one half 14one fourth或a/ one quarter34 three fourths或three quarters6） 表示有小数的词用基数词，如： 5.5 five point five 12.135 twelve point one three five7）表示百分数，如：5：five percent 0.8 zero point eight percent注意：分数、百分数与主谓一致 当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。
10、如： EightypercentofthestudentsinourschoolcomefromHenan. 我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。 ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish. 我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。 Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater. 地球上三分之二的水是海水。 8）其他用法，如： 基数词单数名词形容词构成合成形容词。如：a five-year-old boy 一个五岁的男孩 an 800-metre-long bridge 一座800米长的桥girl
11、s 400-metre relay race 女子400米接力 具体数词metre（s）kilometre（s）kilo（s）long high tall deep away等。如：The Changjiang River is 6，300 kilometres long长江长6300公里。 表示“几十岁”用基数词的复数形式，如：in his thirties 在他三十几岁时 倍数的表达：一倍用once，两倍用 twice，两倍以上用基数词times。如：five times 5倍补充：倍数的表示法： 1.表示“几倍大小（长短；数量）”，由“倍数+thesize（length,amount w
12、idth age height.）+of ”结构组成。如： Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthemoon. 地球的大小是月亮的四十九倍。2.表示“比大几倍”，由“倍数+形容词（副词）比较级+than+被比较部分”结构组成。如： Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone. 这个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。（这个箱子是那个箱子的四倍。）数词练习( ) 1. Every year, _ people go to visit their factoryA. a thousand of B thousands C. thousand of
13、D. thousands of( ) 2. Tom has just finished writing a _ article. A. nine-hundred-words B. nine-hundreds-word C. nine-hundred-word D. nine-hundreds-words( ) 3._ people lost their homes in Japans earthquake. A. Two thousands B. Thousand C. Thousands of D. Thousand of( ) 4. Last year, I visited a chemi
14、cal factory in Baise, there are about _ workers in it. A. six thousands B. six thousand C. six thousands of D. six thousand of( ) 5. About _of the students in our class were born in the_.A. two-thirds, 1990s B. two-thirds, 1990 C. two-third, 1990s D. two-third, 1990( ) 6. Nowadays of business letter
15、s are written in English. A. two third B. two thirds C. two three C. second three( ) 7. If a=4, b=5, whats the answer to the question “ a + 2ab +1 =?” A. Forty-fifth B. Forty-five C. Twenty-three D. One hundred and twenty-one( ) 8. How often do you exercise?_.A. Two B. Twice C. Second D.Three( ) 9.
16、The teacher said that_ of the boys would take part in the talent show.A. three five B. three fives C. thirds fifths D. three fifths( ) 10.Tomorrow is the boys _ birthday. A. seventh B. seven C. seventeen D. a seventh( ) 11.Which is the biggest number of the four?AOne-third BTwo-thirds CA half DA qua
17、rter( ) 12. Excuse me, where can I buy a jacket?You can go to the Mens Wear Section on the_ floor.A. two B. twice C. second D. three( ) 13. of the land is covered with trees and grass in Pingjiang, Yueyang. A. Three fives B. Three fifths C. Three fifth D. Threes fifth( ) 14. September is _ month of
18、the year. A. ninth B. nine C. the nine D. the ninth( ) 15.How was your day off yesterday? Perfect! It was my grandmas _ birthday. We had a big cake. A. eighty B. eightieth C. the eightieth D. the eightieth( ) 16. _people will visit Qinzhou during the 12th Games of Guangxi.A. Thousand B. Two thousand
19、s C. Thousands of D. Thousand of( ) 18. Excuse me, how can I get to the museum?Sorry. Its my_ time to he here.A. one B. first C. once D.two( ) 19.You can see _ if you go out at night. A. million stars B. thousand of stars C. hundreds stars D.million of stars( ) 20.Is this your _ visit to my hometown
20、, Zunyi? No. Ive been here for many times. A. one B. the first C. first D. twice( ) 21. All the visitors live on floor.A. two B. second C. the second D. once( ) 22.More than nine students are doing sports now. A .hundredsB. hundred ofC. hundredD. hundreds of( ) 23. Now, everybody, please turn to Pag
21、e _ and look at the _picture.A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifthC. Fifth; fifthD. Five; five( )24. For breakfast, I usually have_ and two pieces of bread. A. a cup of mild halfB. half a cup of milkC. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup( ) 25. The government of Chongqing is building_ cheap and good houses for the people.A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of