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1、倒装句讲解倒装句讲解倒装句讲解倒装句讲解 英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述语序，一种是倒装语序。 将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。 倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主 语 之 前 的 叫 完 全 倒 装 （full inversion）；倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主 语 之 前 的 叫 完 全 倒 装 （full inversion）； 而只将be 、情态动词或者助动词放在 主 语 之 前 的 叫 做 部 分 倒 装而只将be 、情态动词或者助动词放在 主 语 之
2、 前 的 叫 做 部 分 倒 装（partial inversion）。（partial inversion）。一、完全倒装一、完全倒装1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.巩固练习:1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand;
3、at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; underD. There stands; at2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语 结构。 Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.There comes the bus.Now comes your turn.如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:Here yo
4、u are.There she comes.(2). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.2) There _. And here _. A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she 3) Out
5、 _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushedD. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped(3).当表示地点的介词词组(如如on the wall, under th
6、e tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等等)在句首时。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier. 5) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an o
7、ldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old3.分词分词(代词代词) + be + 主语主语结构。结构。如如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein C. Einstein was soD. So was Ei
8、nstein7) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。 1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有
9、）（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）（立即）, not only, in no way（决不）（决不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
10、巩固练习:1) Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived at B. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of co
11、oking, _ I.A. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do2. only + 状语放在句首状语放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如: Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副词)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (从句) 4) Only in this way _ make
12、 progress in your English. A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to 5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he3. so或或so引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。如如: I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he spe
13、ak that even people in the next room could hear him.6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did so C. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so7) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could e
14、veryone D. she spoke; everyone could4. Not only + 分句分句,but also + 分句分句句型中的句型中的前一分句要部分倒装前一分句要部分倒装。如如: Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. 但not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.8) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong. A. N
15、ot was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only was5. Not until放在句首放在句首,从句不倒装从句不倒装,主句倒装主句倒装。如如: Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (简单句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (复合句)9) Not until the early years of the 19th century
16、_know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man10) Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I B. did I C. I didntD. I6. 在以在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词等方式或频度副词(短语短语)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:Many a time has John given me good adv
17、ice.Often have we made that test.12) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China! 巧记倒装句巧记倒装句在带有倒装句的复合句（或并列句）在带有倒装句的复合句（或并列句）中，到底应在何处倒装，不少初学中，到底应在何处倒装，不少初学者觉得难以掌握。下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌
18、握其结构形式。 NB前倒后不倒，者觉得难以掌握。下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式。 NB前倒后不倒， O.NU主倒从不倒， O.NU主倒从不倒，2N前倒后也倒，2N前倒后也倒， NM前后均不倒。NM前后均不倒。 NB代表代表Not only，but also引导的并列句。引导的并列句。 not only位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒前倒后不倒”。如：。如： 1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy 2）Not only
19、was everything that he had taken away from him ，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）O O代表only状语从句；代表only状语从句；NUNU代表Not until状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：代表Not until状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒主倒从不倒”。如：1）Only when he told me did I know it2）Not until I began to work did I 。如：1）Only w
20、hen he told me did I know it2）Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedNo soonerrealize how much time I had wastedNo soonerthanthan，HardlyScarcely，HardlyScarcelywhenwhen等句型也属此类用法。如：No sooner（Hardly） had we reached home 等句型也属此类用法。如：No sooner（Hardly） had we reached home than（w
21、hen）it began to rainthan（when）it began to rain2N2N代表Neither代表Neithernornor所引导的并列句。2N若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即所引导的并列句。2N若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即“前倒后也倒前倒后也倒”。如：。如：Neither do I know her name，nor does he.Neither do I know her name，nor does he.NM即即No matter引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即“前后均不倒前后均
22、不倒”。如：。如：No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us练习 1. -“ Look ! Here _.” -“Oh, thank God . Here_.” A. the teacher comes ; he comes B. comes the teacher ; comes he C. does the teacher come ; does he come D. comes the teacher ; he comes 2. We waited and waited. _ we had been looking forwar
23、d to. A. Then came the moment B. Then did the moment come C. The moment then came D. Then was coming the moment 3. _can you expect to get a pay rise. AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hardDAC 4. Only after _ to go to school. A. New China was founded ; he was
24、 able B. was New China founded ; was he able C. New China came into being ; was he able D. New China founded ;he was able 5. Little _ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared 6. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how
25、serious the pollution was . A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 7. No sooner _to the cinema _the film began. A. had he got ,than B. he had got, when C. did he get ,than D. had he got ,whenCABA 8. Not only _interested in f
26、ootball but _beginning to show an interest in it. A the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are 9.-Did you enjoy that trip? -Im afraid not. And _. A. my classmates dont either B. my classmates didnt ,either C. neither did my classmates D. both B and C 10. So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I foundDBD