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1、 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 1 页，共 17 页 全国英语等级考试全国英语等级考试 第三级 PUBLIC ENGLISH TEST SYSTEM (PETS) LEVEL 3 2011 年年 3 月笔试真卷月笔试真卷 笔试部笔试部分分答题时间答题时间：120 分钟分钟 姓名姓名_ 准考证号准考证号_ 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 2 页，共 17 页 SECTION I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 125 略 SECTION Use of English (15 minutes
2、) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. What might the house of the future be like? Grace can tell. More formally known as the Microsoft Home, her high-tech devices, along with _26_ in design and construc
3、tion, will change the_27_ we think about our homes. You enter the house, and Graces 28, coming from hidden speakers, passes on your messages. In the kitchen, you set a bag of flour on the intelligently _29_ stone counter. Grace sees what youre _30_，and projects a list of flour-based food on the coun
4、ter. _31_ you choose one, Grace repeats instructions for cooking. She _32_ knows whats in the cupboard. The day when your house will be like a family member is not that far off. This _33_ of seamless computing, in which technology is everywhere yet nowhere (_34_ when we want it), is emphasized in mo
5、st future-home thinking. Microsoft, _35_ ， isnt the only one exploring 36 technology can make our homes more_37_and comfortable. At the Georgia Institute of Technology，scientists are _38_ systems that will allow older people to continue living _39_. So Grandmas home can be intelligently wired to _40
6、_ her patterns of wake, sleep and movement; family members would be _41_ of any changes via computer. Does spying on Grandma sound _42_？Director Beth Mynatt says “A good bit of our _43_has been working on how to convey information without _44_ privacy. We also dont want to create _45_anxiety. Maybe
7、she just took a quiet day to read, and the system would have to recognize that. ” 26. A promotions B applications C practices D advances 27. A way B manner C style D scope 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 3 页，共 17 页 28. A image B figure C voice D sound 29. A disposed B shaped C engineered D condition
8、ed 30. A saying B feeling C searching D doing 31. A Before B Once C Since D Unless 32. A even B thus C yet D only 33. A hope B passion C faith D notion 34. A perhaps B except C provided D especially 35. A therefore B likewise C however D moreover 36. A how B whether C what D why 37. A fashionable B
9、complicated C efficient D attractive 38. A decorating B designing C delivering D debating 39. A independently B enthusiastically C colorfully D satisfactorily 40. A receive B recognize C represent D review 41. A warned B relieved C advised D informed 42. A interesting B boring C disturbing D appeali
10、ng 43. A analysis B research C concern D focus 44. A sacrificing B affecting C preventing D losing 45. A unusual B unfortunate C uncertain D unnecessary SECTION Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Part A Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C
11、 or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Text 1 Whenever Catherine Brown, a 37-year-old journalist, and her Mends, professionals in their 30s and early 40s, meet at a London cafe, their favorite topic of conversation is relationships: mens reluctance to commit, womens independence, and when to ha
12、ve childrenor, increasingly, whether to have them at all. “With the years passing my chances of having a child go down, but I wont marry anyone just to have a child,” says Brown. To people like Brown, babies are greatif the timing is right. But theyre certainly not essential. 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试
13、（PETS） 第 4 页，共 17 页 In much of the world, having kids is no longer a given. “Never before has childlessness been an understandable decision for women and men in so many societies,” says Frank Hakim at the London School of Economics. Young people are extending their child-free adulthood by postponing
14、 children until they are well into their 30s, or even 40s and beyond. A growing share is ending up with no children at all. Lifetime childlessness in western Germany has hit 30 percent among university-educated women，and is rapidly rising among lower-class men. In Britain, the number of women remain
15、ing childless has doubled in 20 years. The latest trend of childlessness does not follow historic patterns. For centuries it was not unusual for a quarter of European women to remain childless. But in the past, childlessness was usually the product of poverty or disaster, of missing men in times of
16、war. Today the decision to haveor not havea child is the result of a complex combination of factors, including relationships, career opportunities, lifestyle and economics. In some cases childlessness among women can be seen as a quiet form of protest. In Japan， support for working mothers hardly ex
17、ists. Child care is expensive, men dont help out, and some companies strongly discourage mothers from returning to work. “In Japan, its career or child,” says writer Kaori Haishi. Its not just women who are deciding against children; according to a recent study, Japanese men are even less inclined t
18、o marry or want a child. Their motivations, though, may have more to do with economic factors. 46. Catherine Brown and her friends feel that having children is not _. A totally wise B a huge problem C a rational choice D absolutely necessary 47. It can be inferred that, for many women, having babies
19、 nowadays is _. A a hard commitment B helpful to their career C essential for happiness D an understandable decision 48. In the old days, many women remained childless _. A as a quiet form of protest B because of lack of support C because of unfortunate circumstances D because they lacked social res
20、ponsibility 49. We learn that childlessness at present _. A affects Europe more than it does Asia B produces more benefits than in the past C is more a womans decision than a mans D is more complex in its cause than that in the past 50. According to the text, when a Japanese man decides not to have
21、children, he probably feels unable to _. A help with housework B afford to have a child 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 5 页，共 17 页 C be a responsible father D balance work and family Text 2 Faced with a mission-critical decision, who would you turn to for advice? Someone you had great confidence in,
22、 surely. But several lines of research show that our instincts about where to turn to for counsel are often not completely correct. My research looks at prejudices that affect how people use advice, including why they often blindly follow recommendations from people whoas far as they knoware as know
23、ledgeable as they are. In studies I conducted with Don Moore of Carnegie Mellon University, for example, I found that people tend to overvalue advice when the problem theyre addressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem is easy. In our experiments, subjects were asked to guess the weight
24、of people in various pictures, some of which were in focus and some of which were unclear. For each picture, subjects guessed twice : the first time without advice and the second time with input from another participant. When the pictures were in focus， we found， subjects tended to discount the advi
25、ce; apparently， they were confident in their ability to guess correctly. When the pictures were unclear, subjects leaned heavily on the advice of others and seemed less secure about their initial opinion. Because they misjudged the value of the advice they receivedconsistently overvaluing or underva
26、luing it depending on the difficulty of the problemour subjects did not make the best guesses overall. They would have done better if theyd considered the advice equally, and to a moderate degree, on both hard and easy tasks. Another advice-related prejudice Ive found compels people to overvalue adv
27、ice that they pay for. In one study I conducted, subjects answered different sets of questions about American history. Before answering some of the questions, they could get advice on the correct answer from another subject whom they knew was no more expert than they were. In one version of the expe
28、riment, people could get advice for free, while in another version, they paid for it. When they paid for advice, people tended to have firm belief in it, I suspect, by a combination of sunk-cost prejudice and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality are linked. 51. In the face of a missio
29、n-critical decision, people tend to _. A trust their own effort B rely on research findings C get affected by others opinion D seek help from the more knowledgeable 52. Research shows that when faced with difficult problems people often _ . A discount others advice B overlook others advice C disagre
30、e with others advice D over-rely on others advice 53. The first experiment tries to prove how objective conditions _. A strengthen peoples initial opinion B strengthen peoples self-confidence C influence peoples response to advice D influence peoples guess of weight loss 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS
31、） 第 6 页，共 17 页 54. It can be inferred that people are likely to _. A undervalue free advice B overvalue peers advice C misinterpret specialists advice D misjudge their instinctual belief 55. The two experiments mentioned in the text reveal _. A how to follow others advice B how to understand others
32、advice C what causes people to seek advice D what affects peoples attitude to advice Text 3 Top National Health Service (NHS) nurses will be able to earn $ 40,000 a year without leaving frontline patient care in a modification to salary structures. New “super nurse” grades will be created to enable
33、the best staff to increase their salaries without having to move into management desk jobs. Currently the most senior NHS nurses can earn a maximum $ 28,000 a year unless they are willing to withdraw from the frontline and become administrators. Hundreds of experienced and highly-qualified nurses ar
34、e lost to patient care every year because of this oddity. While only a few thousand of Britains 332,000 NHS nurses will qualify for the $ 40,000-plus salary, fast-track promotion schemes and a simpler grading system will increase the pay of many more. The government announced that a new simplified c
35、areer structure would see just four grades replacing the existing six. Nurses will begin their careers as healthcare assistants before moving up to registered practitioner grade， followed by senior registered practitioner and ultimately consultant practitioner and a $ 40,000 salary. “Nurses are risi
36、ng to the challenge of modernisation, said a government official. These proposals will help them improve their professional role further and provide a better service to patients. We do not think that in order to be paid more， nurses should have to move into management. Nurses working at the sharp en
37、d of patient care should have a career structure which no longer penalises them for wanting to stay there. “ The Nursing Strategy will include proposals to allow more flexible training courses and improve opportunities for qualified nurses who have left the profession to return in part-time roles. T
38、he Royal College of Nursing welcomed the reforms. The top salary level falls into line with figures it had presented to ministers. 56. Hundreds of experienced nurses are lost to patient care every year because they _. A dislike the nursing job B are dissatisfied with their pay C are replaced by “sup
39、er nurses” D lack further training for the profession 57. The new system will mostly benefit those who _. A move into management B work on a part time basis C have retired from the nursing job D have reached the top of the system 58. The new career structure is different from the existing one in its
40、_. 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 7 页，共 17 页 A quality of nurses services B possibility of a job transfer C opportunities for promotion D simplicity of nurses grades 59. The Nursing Strategy will be adopted in order to_. A provide more consultation to practitioners B encourage experienced nurses to
41、 work part time C enable the most experienced nurses to be paid more D promote the most experienced nurses to management 60. The Royal College of Nursing_. A proposed similar top salary for nurses B raised the management issue to ministers C suggested a four-grade system for nurses D put forward the
42、 Nursing Strategy to ministers Part B Directions: Read the texts from a magazine in which five people voice their different opinions in response to an article on the issue of praising. For questions 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61 to 65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mar
43、k your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Ankita Agarwal: Your article made me ashamed. Ive always thought of myself as not the typical self-absorbed teenager, but I guess I was wrong. While I sit in my large, warm and cozy house, wishing for the shoes and clothes I see in teen magazines，there are people in
44、 the world wishing for something as simple as clean water. Thank you for reminding me about people who would be more than happy with what I have. Janet Tejada: What about the relationship between population, consumption and resources? After all, poverty, most simply defined, is not having enough res
45、ources. The steady growth of the global population, overconsumption of resources by developed nations such as the U.S.，and increasing levels of consumption among the growing middle class in many developing nations ensure that there is ever less of the planets already dwindling resources to go around
46、. Tadaship Kawabe: Extreme poverty is so tragic. Sudden natural disasters like an earthquake mobilize a large number of people and money for a short period of time， while the slow but massive wave of poverty and death in Africa doesnt attract the worlds attention in the same way. When we try to help
47、 those affected by disasters and extreme poverty, however, we shouldnt focus on the overwhelming number of the dead but simply try to do something good for others. 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 全国英语等级考试（PETS） 第 8 页，共 17 页 Jane Thomas: The poor should be trained to organize, set priorities and develop skills and re
48、sources to put their own community plans into action. What your article proposes is the conventional top-down way for doing things: outsiders determine the priorities and solutions, then throw money at them. To actually help, we must first develop our own skills and understanding. We need to find ou
49、t what the poor want and what the root causes of the problems are. We have to listen to poor people. Sanjay Kathe: Concerned and sensible peoples endeavors to reduce poverty in underdeveloped countries are deserving of high praise. It is sad, however, that only a small part of the funds raised for t
50、he poor actually reach them. The generous people who donate money to reduce poverty would be more successful if they spent time in the poor nations to check first-hand the use of their funds. Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra stateme