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1、1 八年级上册英语寒假作业翻译各单元的短语和习惯用语，认真阅读词语辨析及重点语法Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 重点短语：（1）go on vacation （2）stay at home （3）go to the mountains （4）go to the beach （5）visit museums （6）go to summer camp （7）quite a few （8）study for（9）go out （10） most of the time （11）taste good （12） have a good time （13） fee
2、l like （14） go shopping （15） in the past （16） walk around .（17） too many （18） because of+短语（19）one bowl of （20）find out （21）take photos （22）something important （23）up and down （24）come up （25）of course （26）come down 重点语法：（1）Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. （2）Did you go out wit
3、h anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. （3）Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. （4）How was the food? Everything tasted really good. （5）Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent. 习惯用法：（1）buy sth for sb./ buy sb. Sth （2）taste + adj
4、. （3）nothing .but + V.(原形 ) （4）seem + (to be) + adj （5） . arrive in + 大地方arrive at + 小地方（6） decide to do sth. （7）. try doing sth. （8） try to do sth. （9）try ones best to do sth （10）enjoy doing sth. （11）want to do sth.（12）start doing sth. （13）stop doing sth. stop to do sth （14）look + adj （15）dislike d
5、oing sth. （16）Why not do sth （17）so + adj + that + 从句（18）tell sb. (not) to do sth. （19） keep doing sth. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 （20）.forget to do sth. forget doing sth 词语辨析：1anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。anywhere
6、在任何地方， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here. 2seem + 形 容 词看 起 来 .You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seems / seemed + that来好像 ；似乎 .seem like .好像，似乎 .It seems like a god idea. 3 decide to do sth.决定做某事They decide to visit the mus
7、eum. decide + 疑问词+ 动词不定式He can not decide when to leave. 4 start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 5over 介词，多于，超过，在以上（表示数目、 程度）= more than My father is over 40 years old. 6. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词
8、作状语。We have too much work to do. Dont talk too much.7 because of 因为，由于，后接名词、 代词或动名词，不能接句子。He can t take a walk because of the rain. because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因。I don t buy it because it was too expensive. 8 too, to太. 以至于不能 .Mother is too tired to go to school. 9have fun doing sth享受做某事的乐趣Unit 2How
9、 often do you exercise? 短语：（1）帮助某人做某事（2）去买东西（3） 在周末（4）多少次（5）几乎从不（6）一星期一次（7）一个月两次（8）去看电影（9）每天（10）上网（11）有空（12） 上舞蹈和钢琴课（13） swing dance （14） play tennis （15） stay up late （16） go to sleep （17） go to bed （18） at least （19） go to bed early （20） play sports （21）be good for （22）be good at doing sth（23）go c
10、amping （24）in one s free time （25）the most popular （26）such as （27）go to the dentist （28）more than 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 （29）old habits die hard （30）less than （31）垃圾食品（32）照料某人（33） look after sb （34）have to dosth
11、 （35）get in （36）be late for 语法要点：（1）What do you usually do on weekends? I always exercise. （2）What do they do on weekends? They often help my mother with housework. （3）What does she do on weekends? She sometimes goes shopping. （4）How often do you go to the movies? I go to the movies maybe once a mon
12、th. （5）How often does he watch TV? He hardly ever watches TV. （6）Do you go shopping? No, I never go shopping. 习惯用法：1. help sb. with sthhave sb do sth 2. How about doing? 3. want sb. to do sth. 4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句5. 主语 + find+ that 从句发现 6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是 . 的7. spend time with sb.
13、 和某人一起度过时光8. ask sb. about sth. 9. by doing sth. 通过做某事10. What s your favorite.?11 start doing sth. 12. the best way to do sth. 13.full of 14.what about doingsth？15.not .at all I dont like it at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢它。词语辨析：1. free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy. be free 有空，闲着，相当于have time. I ll be free next week. = Ill h
14、ave time next week. 2. How come ？ 怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didn t come to the party? = Why didn t Tom come to the party?3. stay up late 指“ 熬夜到很晚，迟睡” 。Dont stay up late next time. stay up 指“ 熬夜，不睡觉” 。He stayed up all night to write
15、 his story. 4. go to bed 强调 “ 上床睡觉 ” 的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。 I went to bed at eleven last night. go to sleep 强调 “ 入睡，睡着，进入梦乡” 。She was so tired that she went to sleep soon. 5. find + 宾语+名词 , 发现：We have found him (to be) a good boy. find + 宾语+ 形容词，发现：He found the room dirty. find + 宾语+ 现在分词，发现：名师资料总结 - - -精品
16、资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 I found her standing at the door. 6. percent 百分数， 基数词+ percent： percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls. Thirty percent of time passed. 7. more than 超过，
17、多于，不仅仅， 相当于over. 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为： less than. I lived in Shanghai for more than / over ten years. 8. afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I m afraid we cant come here on time. be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人/ 某事；be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark. Dont be afraid of ask
18、ing question.I m afraid + 从句，恐怕，担心：I m afraid I have to go now.9. sometimes , sometime, some times , some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词，有时。Sometimes I get up very early. sometime 副词，某个时候。I will go to Shanghai sometime next week. some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times. I have read the story
19、 some times. -How many times have you read the story? some time 名词短语，一段时间 . 表示“ 一段时间 ” 时I ll stay here for some time. 10.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用： once ，twice, three times 等词语。How often do you play sports? Three times a week. how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。How long does it take to get to Shang
20、hai from here? How long is the ruler? how far 多远， 用来询问距离，指路程的远近。How far is it from here to the park? It s about 2 kilometers. Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister短语归纳与用法：（1）more outgoing ( 15 ）asas（ 2）the singing competition （16）be similar to （3）the same as （ 17）be different from （4）care about （18
21、）be like a mirror （ 5）the most important （19 ）as long as （ 6）bring out （20） get better grades 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 （ 7）reach for （21）in fact （8）交朋友（22）the other （ 9）感动某人（23）be talented in music （ 10）擅长 （24）be g
22、ood with （ 11）have fun doing sth. （25 ）be good at doing sth （12）make sb. do sth. （26 ）want to do sth. （ 13）as+adj./adv.的原级 +as （14）It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.语法知识：（1） Is Tom smarter than Sam? No,he isn t. Sam is smarter than Tom.（2） Is Tara more outgoing than Tina? No, she isnt. Tina is more outgo
23、ing than Tara.（3）Are you as friendly as your sister? No, I m not. Im friendlier.（4）Does Tara work as hard as Tina? Yes, she does. （5）Who s more hardworking at school? Tina thinks she works harder than me.词语辨析：（1） laugh v. & n. 笑He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与 at 连用）嘲笑Don t la
24、ugh at him. 别嘲笑他。名词：笑； 笑声We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。（2） though conj. 虽然；纵然；即使；尽管= although Though it was raining，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。注意：在 though引导的从句后不使用but 。如：though adv. 不过，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。Jim said that he would come, he didnt , though. Unit 4 Whats the best movie t
25、heater重点句型：1. It has the biggest screens. 2. The DJs choose songs the most carefuly. 3. How do you like it so far? 到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？4. Thanks forget telling me. 5. Can I ask you some questions? 重点短语：（1）movie theater （2）be close to（3）clothes store （4）in town （5）so far （6）10 minutes by bus （7）才艺表演（8）有相同特
26、征（想法、兴趣方名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 面）相同（9）世界各地；全世界（10）more and more （11）等等（12）all kinds of（13）be up to （14）并不是每个人（15）编造（故事、谎言等）（16）在 方面发挥作用/有影响（17）发挥做某事的作用（18）没什么，别客气（19）例如（20）认真对待（21） . 给某人某物（22）come true（23）Thanks
27、for doing sth. 。（24）much+ adj./adv.的比较级得多（25）watch sb. do sth.观看某人做某事（26）one of+ 可数名词的复数 之一（27）Can I ask you some ?我能问你一些吗？（28）How do you like?（29）What do you think of? 你认为 怎么样 ? （30）how much .?？（31）How far ?？（32）How many ?？（33）How long.?？Unite 5 Do you want to a game show? 重要短语：（1） find out （2） be
28、ready to do （3）dress up （4）take sbs place（5）do a good job （6） think of +名词或动词短语（7）game shows（8） learn from向 学习 , 从.获得（9） talk shows（10）肥皂剧（11）go on 发生（12） watch a movie（13）one ofthe main reasons （14）watch a sitcom观看一部情景喜剧（15）动作电影（16） come out 出版，发行（17）尽力，竭尽全力（18）一双，一对 （19）一样著名（20）看起来像（21）around the
29、world（22）have a discussion about就. 讨论（23）one day（24）such as（25）.的象征（26）something enjoyable令人愉快的东西（27）interesting information（28）happen to do sth.碰巧做某事（29）expect to do sth（30）TV shows 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 重要句型：（
30、1）What do you think of talk shows? I don t mind them.（2） I hope to be a TV reporter one day. How about you? 常用法：（1）let sb do sth. （2）plan to do sth.（3）hope to do sth.（4）mind doing sth （5）expect to do sth.（6）How （what ） about doing 做某事怎么样？（7）be always ready to do sth. 总是准备做某事（8）尽力做某事（9）become +adj 变得
31、 .（10） not so .as 不像那样 . ；不如 .这么 （11） thank you for doing sth 谢谢你做某事Thank you for sth 谢谢你的 （12） love doing sth 语词辨析：1.the other, the others, other, others, another the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，常用one the other 。例：He has two apples, one is red, the other is green. There are forty students in our cl
32、ass. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys. the others 特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。the other + 复数名词= any other + 名词单数。例：You two stay here, the others go with me. other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名词单数或复数。We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects. others 作代词，泛指“ 其他的人或物 ”
33、 。 例：Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly. another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“ 另一个” ，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例：I don t like this one. Please show me another one. 2.find out 查明，弄清楚，find 找到Please find out when Mrs Green will go to Beijing. 3. go on 发生，与take place 同义I wonder what was going on. 4.hap
34、pen v.发生，一般指偶然发生，主语为事，不能为人。Sth + happens to sb. Sth + happens + 地点 /时间：某地 /某时发生了某事Happen v ，表示 “ 碰巧 ” ，主语可以是人，后常跟动词不定式 to, 表示“ 碰巧 ”.Sb + happens to do sth. I happened to see my uncle on the street. * take place 意为“ 发生，举行，举办” ，一般指非偶然性事件的 “ 发生 ” ，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例：Great changes have taken place
35、in China. The meeting will take place next Friday. 5.expect v. 期待，盼望，预期，后常接四种结构：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 1)expect + 名词 /代词，期待某事/某人，预计 可能发生。I m expecting Li Lins letter.2)expect to do sth. 预计做某事Lily expects to come
36、back next week. 3)expect sb. to do sth. I expect my mother to come back early. 4)expect + 从句预计 I expected that Ill come back next Monday.6. serious a. 严肃的， 认真的。He is a serious man. be serious about sb/sth. 对某人 /某事当真be serious about doing sth. 对某事当真Unit 6 Im going to study computer science短语：1. 成长；长大
37、2. 每天3. t 对 有把握4. 确信；务必5. . 想要做某事6. sendto 7. be able to 8. the meaning of 9. different kinds of 10. agree to do sth 11. 写下；记下12. 关于；与 有关系13. 开始做；学着做14. r 几乎不；很少15. help sb. to do sth. 16. too to 17. love to do sth 18. be going to+动词原形打算做某事19. practice doing sth练习做某事20. keep on doing sth. 21. promis
38、e to do sth.许诺去做某事22. learn to do sth. 23. finish doing sth 24. remember to do sth. 1 be going to的用法1）be going to+ 动词原形 表示将来的打算、计划或安排。常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语连用， be 随主语有 am, is, are 的变换肯定句：主语+ be going to + 动词原形+ 其他。否定句： 主语+ be not going to + 动词原形+ 其他 . 一般疑问句Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形+ 其他 肯定回答
39、：Yes, 主语+ be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be + 主语+ going to + 动词原形+ 其他？2) 如果表示计划去某地，可直接用be going to + 地点We are going to Beijing for a holiday. 3) 表示位置移动的动词，如go , come, leave 等常用进行时表示将来。My aunt is leaving for Beijing next week. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - -
40、 - - - - 第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 4) be going to 与 will 的区别： 对未来事情的预测用“ will + 动词原形 ” 表达。Will planes be large in the future? Yes, they will. / No, they wont.will 常表示说话人相信或希望要发生的事情，而be going to 指某事肯定发生，常表示事情很快就要发生。I believe Lucy will be a great doctor. 陈述将来的某个事实用will. I will ten years old nex
41、t year. 表示现在巨大将来要做的事情用will. I m tired I will go to bed. 表示意愿用will. I ll tell you the truth. 表示计划、打算要做的事情用be going to,不用will. 2promise vt. 保证，许诺。有三种结构：1)promise to do sth. _My mother promised to buy a piano for me. 2)promise sb. sth. _ My aunt promised me a bike. 3)promise + that 从句 _ Tom promises th
42、at he can return on time. promise n. 允诺，诺言Lily is a dishonest girl. She never keeps a promise. 3. practice vt. 练习，后接名词，代词或v-ing 作宾语。Your elder sister is practicing the guitar in the room. 常跟 v-ing 作宾语的动词有：考虑建议盼原谅：consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon. 承认推迟没得想：admit, delay/put off
43、, fancy. 避免错过继续练：avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice. 否认完成能欣赏：deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate. 不禁介意与逃亡：cant help , mind, escape.不准冒险凭想象：forbid, risk, imagine. 4. everyday 与 every day 区别everyday adj. 日常的在句中作定语，位于名词前。This is our everyday homework. every day 副词短语，在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。He reads books every day
44、. Unit 7 Will people have robots? 短语：1. on computer 2. on paper 3. live to be 200 years old 4. It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事 的5. free time 6. in danger 7. 在地球上8. play a part in sth.参与某事9. 太空站名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 17 页 - - - -
45、- - - - - 10 10. r 寻找11. 电脑编程员12. 在未来13. f 许多；成百上千14. 与 一样15. over and over again 16. help sb. with sth. 17. get bored 18. 醒来19. 倒塌20. will+ 动词原形将要做 21. fewer/more+可数名词复数更少 /更多 22. less/more+不可数名词更少 /更多 23. have to do sth. 24. agree with sb. 25. such+ 名词（词组）如此26. play a part in doing sth. 参与做某事27. t
46、ry to do sth. 28. There will be + 主语 +其他29. make sb. do sth. 30. There is/are +sb./sth.+doing sth. 有正在做某事语法：1) What will the future be like? Cities will be more polluted. And there will be fewer trees. 2) Will people use money in 100 years? No, they wont. Everything will be free.3) Will there be wor
47、ld peace? Yes, I hope so. 4) Kids will stuffy at home on computers. They wont go to school.5) There will be more people. There will be more pollution. 6) There will be fewer trees. There will be less free time. 词语辨析：1. every 与 each 的区别：every 用来表整体，each 用来表个别。each 最低需是两， every 最低需是三。Every teacher kno
48、ws her. Each of the road has a dictionary. 2. on the earth 在地球上，作地点状语，位于句首或句末。on earth 究竟，到底。用于疑问句或副词后，加强语气。All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. / What on earth do you mean? 3. human, 指包括男人女人孩子的“ 人，人类 ” person, 无性别之分 ,可数名词people, 泛指 “ 人们 ” ，表示复数概念。man, 前不带冠词而且单独使用时，指“ 男人 ” ， a man 可
49、指“ 一个人 / 一个男人 ” ，复数形式为men. He was the only human on the island. There are only three persons in the room. There are many people there. Man is stronger than woman. 4. seem 连系动词，好像，似乎，看来。1) seem + 名词看起来。 He seems a nice man. 2) seem like 好像，似乎。It seemed like a good idea 3) seem to do sth. 似乎 /看起来 /好像做
50、某事。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 4) It seems/seemed that 看起来好像 , 似乎 . 5) seem to be + 形容词 /名词= seem + 形容词 /名词。She seems to be happy.= She seems happy. 5. probably ad. maybe 相当于perhaps. 也许，大概，可能。作状语. probably 用于句中，可能性最