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1、小学英语语法及习题一:小学英语语法总结: 小学英语语法总体上有如下四大块: 1. 名词的单数和复数变化规则. 2. 时态(小学阶段有学系了四种时态:即一般现在时,现在进行时 , 一般将来时 ,一般过去时 ) 包含一般现在时 : 一般现在时的功能,构成 ,变化 (包括动词的变化和句式的变化) 现在进行时 : 现在进行时的概念, 构成 , 变化 (包括动词的变化: 动词 +ing 的变化规则 ; 句式的变化 ) 一般将来时 : 一般将来时的概念, 构成 , 变化(句式的变化 ) 一般过去时 : 一般过去时的功能, 构成 , 变化(包括动词的变化: 动词的过去式的变化规则, 不规则动词的过去式列表)
2、 上述语法内容主要的操练方式是两种: 1.动词的恰当方式填空2.按要求进行句式变换. (肯定句，否定句，疑问句之间的互相转化 ) 一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以 “ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾，变y 为 i, 再加 -es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以 “f或 fe ”结尾，变
3、f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es，如： knife-knives 5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dre
4、ss _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的
5、构成1. be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+其它。如：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词 (+其它 )。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+
6、 be + not +其它。如： He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语 +其它。如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形 (+其它 )。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) + 主语 +动词原形 +其它。如：- Do
7、you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 动词 +s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-wa
8、shes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾，变y 为 i, 再加 -es，如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One
9、. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精
10、心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be)
11、ill. I m staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? It s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.( 改为否定
12、句 ) _ 2. I do my homework every day.( 改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 3. She likes milk.( 改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.( 改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.( 改为否定句 ) _ 6. He speaks English very well.( 改为否定句 ) _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.( 对划线部分提问) _ 8. John comes fr
13、om Canada.(对划线部分提问) _ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.( 改为否定句 ) _ 五、改错 (划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She don t
14、 do her homework on Sundays. _ 三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语+ 动词 in
15、g? 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词 ing? 动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加 ing，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3 如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 ing， 如： run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ se
16、e_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water)
17、the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 o clock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .( 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classro
18、om . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _ _ 3I m playing the football in the playground .( 对划线部分进行提问) _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . ( 对划线部分进行提问) 四、将来时一、概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do. 名师资料
19、总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 三、否定句：在be 动词（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情态动词will 后加 not 成 won t。例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或 will 提到句首， some改为 any, and改为 or，第
20、一二人称互换。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。 Who 例如： I m going to New York soon. Who s going to New York soon.2. 问干什么。 What do. 例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your
21、 father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 问什么时候。 When.例如： She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she goingto bed? 六、同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic wi
22、th my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet? 改句子。5. Nancy is goi
23、ng to go camping. （改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. I ll go and join them. （改否定）I _ go _ join them. 7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. （改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school. （对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.( 同上 ) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -