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1、初中英语时态归纳复习一、一般现在时:概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语: often,usually ,always,sometimes ,every week (day,year,month ) ,once a week ,on Sundays ,etc基本结构: be 动词;行为动词否定形式: am is are not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesnt ,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:把be 动词放于句首;用助动词do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。动词的第三人称单数变化1、一
2、般情况在词尾加 -s 2、以字母 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾加-es 3、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词,先变y 为 i 再加 es,以元音字母加y 结尾的直接加 s 4. 特殊变化have-has 二、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语: ago,yesterday ,the day before yesterday ,last week(year,night ,month ) ,in 1989 ,just now ,at the age of 5,one day ,long long ago ,once upon a time ,et
3、c基本结构: be 动词;行为动词否定形式:waswere not;在行为动词前加didnt ,同时还名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 原行为动词。一般疑问句: was 或 were 放在句首;用助动词do 的过去式 did提问,同时还还原行为动词。动词过去式的变化(1)规则变化1)一般情况直接 +ed 如:work-worked play-played 2)以 e 结尾的词只加 -d 如:live-lived d
4、ance-danced 3)以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的词,变 y 为 i 再加-ed 如:study-studied 以元音字母加 y 结尾的直接加 ed 如 play-played 4) 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,先将这个字母双写,再加 -ed. 如:stop-stopped plan-planned 原行为动词。三、现在进行时:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语: now,at this time ,these days ,etc基本结构: amisare doing 否定形式: amisare notdoing 一般疑问句:把 be 动词放在句首动
5、词 -ing 的变形规则1)一般情况直接加 -ing。Playplaying looklooking gogoing 2)以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing。Writewriting closeclosing 3)重读闭音节,双写末尾的字母,再加ing。Swimswimming putputting runrunning 四、一般将来时:名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 概念: 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
6、及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语: tomorrow ,next day(week,month ,year ) ,soon,in a few minutes ,by ,the day after tomorrow ,etc基本结构: amisaregoing to do;willshalldo 否定形式: amisare notgoing to do; willshallnotdo 一般疑问句: be 放于句首;willshall 提到句首五、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语:recently ,lately
7、,since ,for ,in the past few years ,yet etc基本结构: havehas done 否定形式: havehas notdone 一般疑问句: havehas 放于句首规则动词的过去分词的构成规则同规则动词过去式变化(1)、一 般动词,在词尾直 接加“ed ” 。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)、以“e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d ” 。live-lived-lived , (3)、 以 “辅音字母+ y ” 结尾的动词,将 y 变为 i , 再加 “ ed ” 。study-studied-st
8、udied ,cry-cried-cried , 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ” 。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped六、过去进行时:概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语: at this time yesterday ,at that time
9、或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构: waswere doing 否定形式: waswere notdoing 一般疑问句:把 was 或 were 放在句首动词 -ing 的变形规则1)一般情况直接加 -ing。Playplaying looklooking gogoing 2)以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing。Writewriting taketaking 3)重读闭音节,双写末尾的字母,再加ing。Swimswimming putputting runrunning 动词复习常见动词的用法 : 一, 后面只能跟 to 的动词有 : 1. want t
10、o do . I want to play the guitar. 2. would like to do. I would like to have some noodles. 3. ask sb .to do. Your mother asked me to tell you the good news. 4. hope to do. We hope to pass the exam. 二, 后面只能跟 doing 的动词有 : 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4
11、 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 1. have fun doing. We have fun playing basketball. 2. enjoy/finish doing. Do you enjoy watching TV? 3. What /How about doing? What about going out now? 4. practice doing. If you practice reading and then you can be good at English. 5. Thanks for doing . Thanks for helping
12、me.(Thanks for your help). 6.go shopping/swimming/fishing ./. 去购物/游泳/钓鱼7. do some reading/writing/washing/cleaning/shopping/8. spend (time/money) doing. I spent 10 yuan (in) buying this book. I spent 10yuan on this book. 三, 后面既可以跟 to 也可以跟 ing 的. 1. like to do / like doing 2. love to do/ love doing 3
13、. begin to do. /begin doing. 4. start to do/ start doing. 5. remember to do./ remember doing. 6. forget to do./forget doing. 7. stop to do./stop doing. 四, 后面只能跟动词原形的 : 1. Let . do 2. make do.3. can / must 等情态动词后面只能跟动词原形. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -