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1、学习好资料欢迎下载第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解It 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it 用法归纳如下：一、 It 用作实词表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的 this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、 天气、气候、距离等自然现象二、 It 用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为(1) It be adj.
2、 (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, danger
3、ous 例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例Its kind of you to help me with the problem
4、. (3) It 替代作主语的动名词的常见句型Its no good/use doing Its (well)worth doing Its (well)worth ones while doing/to do Its (well)worth while doing/ to do 例Its no use crying over spilt milk. 2. It 替代作主语的从句常见句型(1) It is + noun + 从句例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is
5、 adj. +clause Its surprising that (should)竟然Its a pity/shame that(should)竟然例Its important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=Its of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.) (3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disap
6、point/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that 例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) (4) It verb (to sb.) that= sb/sth verb to do (verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out ,
7、 work out) 例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) (5) It is v- ed that=sb/sth is to do (verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The c
8、ouple are said to have gotten divorced.) (6) It is v- ed that (should) (verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 三、 It 作主语的句型1. It takes sb. to do(=sb takesto do)某人用多长时间做某事例It took the men a week to mend our roo
9、f.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) 2. Its (just)(un)like sb. to do （不）像某人做某事的风格例It was (just) like him to think of helping us. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载3. Its (about/high) time that should /v-ed是该做某事
10、的时候了例Its(about/high) time that we should take action. 4. Its the x-th time (that) have v-ed第几次做某事了例Its the third time that he has failed the driving test. 5. It is/has been since continuous v-ed( 延续性动词 ) 某动作已有多长时间不发生了例Its 10 years that he lived here 6. It was(not) before过 (不)了多长时间某动作发生了例It was not l
11、ong before they arrived. 四、 It 作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。It 作形式宾语的常见句型：1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep) 例I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that youll do the task on your
12、own. 2. verb+it+adj./noun (ones) doing (adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth ones while/a waste of time/money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep) 例Ill make it worth your while telling me about his secret. 3. verb+it+ important/unimportant/nece
13、ssary/unnecessary/natural/essential that (should) verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that(should) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep) 例I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference. 4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see, view
14、) 例The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture. 5. v. +it + prep. + that owe it to sb. that把归功于leave it to sb that把留给某人去做take it for granted that 想当然keep it in mind that 例Dont bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out. 6. It 用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好
15、恶的动词后，enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, dont mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it 之后例I hate it you can swim so well and I cant. 7. It 用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it 之后（ except that 例外）例Im for it that you will follow their advice. 五、强调句型It is/was+被强调部分 + that(who) 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强
16、调部分是人时也可以用who。在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity ？2. 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句例It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday. 3. 在强调 not until 结构时必须把not 与 until 一起放到被强调的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark g
17、lasses that I realized she was my brother. 4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别例It was at 7 oclock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型 ) It was 7 oclock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句 ) 六、 It 常用的固定搭配1. make it (1).在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例Its hard to make it to the top in show business. (2).在口语中相当于fix the
18、 date for, 表示“约定好时间”例Shall we meet next week? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载OK. We just make it next Saturday. 2. as it is (1).相当于 in fact, in reality 表示“事实上，实际情况是”例We had planed to finish the task today, but as i
19、t is we probably wont finish it until next week. (2).相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”例Leave the table as it is. 3. as it were 相当于 as one might say, that is to say, 表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例He is, as it were, a modern Sherlock Holmes. 4. if it werent for /if it hadnt been for 用来引导虚拟语气， 相当于 without, or but for, 表示“如果不是，要不是
20、”例If it werent for Tom, I wouldnt be alive today. 5. thats it (1). 相当于 Thats all. Thats so much. 表示“至此为止，没有别的了”例You can have one more sweet, and thats it. (2). 相当于Thats right. 表示“对啦”例 I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “A” Thats it. 6. catch it 在口语中，相当于be punished/scolded for doing sth. wro
21、ng. 表示“因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”例Well really catch it form our teacher if were late for class again. 7. have it (1).相当于 say, insist 表示“说，主张，表明，硬说”例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced. (2).相当于 get to know something, 表示“了解，知道，获悉”例I had it from John that she was going abroad. 8. have what it takes
22、在口语中，相当于be well qualified for, 表示“具有成功的条件”例You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a star. 9. so it seems / appears. 10. Keep at it! (Dont give up!)相当于 go on,表示“继续做，不放弃”例My teacher asked me to keep at it. 11. Go it! (Go on!) 拼命干 , 莽撞12. Now you have done it! (You have done
23、 sth. wrong.) 13. Now youll catch it! (Youll be punished.) 14. As it happened, 在口语中， 相当于 its a pity that, 表示“真不凑巧， 真遗憾”例As it happened, they were out. 15. As it turned out, 在口语中， 相当于 it was found to be in the end, 表示“最后被证明是”例As it turned out, his statement was false. 16. Such as it is(they are) 在口语中
24、，相当于although it may not be worth much, 表示“虽然没有多大价值”例You can borrow my exam notebook, such as it is. 17. Take it/things easy. 相当于 Dont worry or dont hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气”例Take it easy! He will do it well. 18. Take it from me. 在口语中，相当于believe me what I say.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保”例You can take it from
25、me that he will make it this time. 19. For what it is worth 在口语中， 相当于 although Im not sure its of value, 表示“不管其价值如何”例Here is the article I promise you, for what its worth. 20. Worth it 在口语中，相当于useful, 表示“有好处，值得做”例Dont hesitate about it! Its worth it. 21. Believe it or not. 表示“信不信由你”例Believe it or no
26、t, Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday. 22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放弃例That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载23. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于 it
27、 hasnt been decided yet, 表示 “那得看情况，还没有定下来”例Are you going to the countryside for holiday? It/That all depends. 24. Its up to sb. 在口语中，相当于its decided by sb. 表示“由决定，由负责，取决于”例Shall we go out for dinner? Its up to you. “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配专练1. Was it during the Second World War_ he died? A.that B.while C.in w
28、hich D.then (88) 2. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this B.that C.it D.he (89) 3. I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A.this B.that C.its D.it (91) 4.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
29、5. It was not _ she took off her glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92) 6. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected _ to be much better. A.that B.this C.one D.it (93) 7. It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts
30、began. A.while B.which C.that D.since (94) 8. _is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A.There B.This C.That D.It (95) 9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. A.until B.that C.then D.so (97) 10. I hate_when people talk wit
31、h their mouths full. A.it B.that C.these D.them (98) 11. It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are. A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000) 12.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one 13. Do you like _ here? Oh,
32、yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.(全国卷 ) A. this B. These C. That D. it 14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood. ( 全国卷 ) A. it B. One C. Himself D. another 15. The foreign Minister said, _ our hope that the two sides will work towa
33、rds peace.(2004北京 ) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 16. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004 北京 ) A. It B. As C. That D. What 17. How often do you eat out?(2004, 天津 ) _, but usually once a week. A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usua
34、l D. Generally speaking 18. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didnt quite _ as planed. (2004浙江卷 ) A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up 19. What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. _. Whatever you want to do is fine with me. A. It just depends B. Its
35、 up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear that 20. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载D. until midnight when he didnt go KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11-15 ACDBD 16-20 BBBBC 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -