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1、1 / 12陕西省 2018 年初中毕业生学业考试英语答案解析第一部分听力部分I 1 【答案】 B2 【答案】 C3 【答案】 C4 【答案】 A5 【答案】 B6 【答案】 C7 【答案】 A8 【答案】 B9 【答案】 A10 【答案】 B11 【答案】 B12 【答案】 A13 【答案】 C14 【答案】 A15 【答案】 CII 16 【答案】 B17 【答案】 B18 【答案】 C19 【答案】 A20 【答案】 A笔试部分III完形填空名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - -
2、- - 第 1 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 / 12第一节21 【答案】 B【解析】根据空格后一句中的“My best friend is Amy ”可知，此处指他们在谈论他们最亲密的朋友是谁，根据空格后的“ were”可知 ,此处应用名词的复数形式。故选B【考点】考查名词辨析和主谓一致。22 【答案】 D【解析】句意为： 当轮到他说时，他说： “我最好的朋友是Amy, 一位住在佛罗里达州的81 岁的女士”。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且“81-year-old ”的读音是以元音音素开头,其前应用an。故选D。【考点】考查冠词的用法。23 【答案】
3、A【解析】句意为：他们的友谊源自一场比赛。come from 意为“来自”，符合语境。故选A。【考点】考查介词辨析。24 【答案】 B【解析】根据空格前一句中的“life was hard for David at that time ”可知 ,此处叙述的是过去发生的事,应用一般过去时。故选B。【考点】考查动词的时态。25 【答案】 B【解析】句意为：当他几乎泄气时,Amy 给了他许多帮助并支持他的梦想。when 意为“当 时” ，符合语境。故选B。【考点】考查连词辨析。26 【答案】 C【解析】 decide to do sth是固定用法,意为“决定做某事” 。故选 C。【考点】考查非谓语动
4、词。27 【答案】 A【解析】根据空格前的“wanted”可知 ,此处应用一般过去时，排除C、D 两项；分析句子结构可知,空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序。故选A。【考点】考查动词的时态和宾语从句。28 【答案】 C【解析】根据空格后的“than”可知 ,此处应用beautiful 的比较级形式。故选C。【考点】考查形容词的比较等级。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 / 1229 【答案】 D【解析】全文叙述
5、的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,排除 A、B 两项 ;主语“ many people”为复数名词，与谓语动词move 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态，且be动词应用were。故选 D。【考点】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。30 【答案】 A【解析】 根据语境可知， 此处指作为朋友，当他们需要帮助的时候， “我们” 应该伸出援手。 should 意为“应该” ,符合语境。故选A。【考点】考查情态动词辨析。词汇积累 ：friendship n 友谊successfully adv 成功地famous adj 著名的interview v采访imagine v 想象常考短语： talk about 谈
6、论hear of 听说to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是常考句型 ：who 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。例句： One day, David and his friends talked about who their closest friends were (第一段第一句)译文： 一天 ,David 和他的朋友们谈论谁是他们最亲密的朋友。第二节31 【答案】 C【解析】根据上文中的“she has been much heavier than before”和下一句“ My mother was told to lose weight by doing exercise
7、every day” 可知 ,此处指妈妈的健康状况变得更糟糕了。worse 意为“更糟糕的 ”,符合语境。故选 C。【考点】考查形容词的比较级辨析。32 【答案】 D【解析】根据下文中的“follow _ the doctor said”可知，此处指“我” 不得不带她去看医生。故选D。【考点】考查名词辨析。33 【答案】 B【解析】此处表示她别无选择只能听从医生所说的话。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作“ said ”的宾语，表示内容,应用 what 引导。故选B。【考点】考查宾语从句。34 【答案】 A【解析】根据语境可知，她早起和“我” 在社区里跑步，空格前后句之间是并列
8、顺承关系,应用 and连接。故选 A。【考点】考查连词辨析。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 / 1235 【答案】 B【解析】根据语境可知， 此处指跑了一会儿之后， “我 ” 告诉她正确的锻炼方法和健康饮食的重要性。故选 B。【考点】考查动词辨析。36 【答案】 D【解析】 根据上文可知，“我 ” 告诉妈妈正确的锻炼方式和健康饮食的重要性，她很认真地听； 再结合空格后的“ that she told me
9、when I was a kid ”可知 ,此处表示这让“我”想起了我小时候她耐心地给“我”讲一切事情。 remember 意为“记起，想起” ，符合语境。故选D。【考点】考查动词辨析。37 【答案】 A【解析】根据空格后的“she thought the two week exercise didnt work at all ”可知 ,妈妈想放弃跑步,因为她认为两周的锻炼一点效果也没有。give up 意为“放弃”,符合语境。故选A。【考点】考查动词短语辨析。38 【答案】 C【解析】根据第二段第一句中的“ran with me in our neigborhood ”可知 ,此处指为了鼓励
10、妈妈， “我”教她使用社区的健身设施来锻炼。neighborhood 意为“社区”,符合语境。故选C。【考点】考查名词辨析。39 【答案】 C【解析】 It takes/took sb时间 to do sth是固定句式，意为“做某事花了某人多长时间”。故选 C。【考点】考查动词辨析。40 【答案】 A【解析】根据空格前一句“Exercise brings health and happiness to me ”可知 ,锻炼给妈妈带来了健康和幸福。此处指妈妈不再担心她的健康了。never 意为“绝不，一点都不”，符合语境。故选A。【考点】考查副词辨析。词汇积累： health n健康follow
11、 v 遵循，听从importance n重要性carefully adv 仔细地praise v表扬常考短语 ：lose weight 减肥get up 起床worry about 担心常考句型： so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”。例句： I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me(第二段第二句 )译文： 我试图慢点跑以便她能够跟上我。IV 阅读理解第一节名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 1
12、2 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 / 12A【文章大意 】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乒乓球教练机器人Forpheus 的相关情况。41 【答案】 A【解析】 根据第一段第一句中的“artificial intelligence(人工智能 ) has greatly influenced the ways we live, work and play”可知，人工智能在许多方面影响了人们的生活。因此，该题的描述正确。故选A。【考点】细节理解题。42 【答案】 B【解析】根据第三段第一句“Named Forpheus, the smart table tennis robot i
13、s quite special ” 可知 ,Forpheus 是机器人的名字，不是机器人发明者的名字。因此,该题的描述错误。故选B【考点】细节理解题。43 【答案】 A【解析】根据第三段第二、三句“It can study the movements of human players and the speeds of the ball In this way, it can exactly judge( 判断 ) the players skill levels(水平 )” 可知，这个机器人能准确地判断选手的技术水平。因此 ,该题的描述正确。故选A。【考点】细节理解题44 【答案】 A【解析
14、】根据最后一段中的“In the next 20 years,it will be possible that one robot teaches another to play table tennis or even invents another one!”可知 ,在未来，一个机器人可以教另外一个机器人打乒乓球。因此,该题的描述正确。故选A【考点】细节理解题。45 【答案】 B【解析】根据第三段倒数第二、三句中的“it encourages players it gives some good advice to improve their skills”可知，机器人不仅可以鼓励人类运动
15、员，还能给他们提建议来帮助他们提高技能。因此,该题描述错误。故选B【考点】细节理解题。词汇积累： influence v影响special adj特殊的exactly adv准确地encourage v鼓励inventor n发明者，发明家常考短语： not only but also 不仅 而且 ； whats more 另外常考句型： that 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语时，不可以省略。例句： Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis coach(第二段第一句)译文： 最近，
16、一名科学家发明了一个能够当乒乓球教练的特殊机器人。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 / 12第二节B46 【答案】 D【解析】根据第一个表格中的倒数第二句“However, when the dolphins saw themselves in the mirror, they tried to clean the red marks off their bodies ” 可知在测试中,海豚努力擦掉身上的红色
17、标记。故选D。【考点】细节理解题。47 【答案】 A【解析】根据第二个表格中的最后一句“Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines( 垂直线 )，the bees simply flew away, because they knew there was no way to get sugar可知 ,当蜜蜂看见垂直线的时候，它们飞走了。故选A。【考点】细节理解题。48 【答案】 C【解析】根据第三个表格中的倒数第二句中的“but the young chimpanzees performed much better”可知 ,
18、在记忆数字的位置测试中，年幼的黑猩猩表现更出色。故选C。【考点】细节理解题。词汇积累： researcher n研究者fight v打架，打斗simply adv仅仅human-like adj似人类的screen n屏幕perform v执行 ,做常考短语： from to 从 到 less than 少于常考句型： when 引导时间状语从句，意为“当 时 ” ；because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为” 。例句： Instead, when the researchers showed them vertical lines( 垂直线 )，the bees simply flew aw
19、ay，because they knew there was no way to get sugar(第二个表格中的最后一句)译文： 相反， 当研究者给蜜峰展示垂直线的时候，蜜蜂们只是飞走了，因为它们知道它们没有办法得到糖。C【文章大意 】本文是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面论述了成为一个好的倾听者的重要性。49 【答案】 A【解析】根据第二段第一二句“When someone is sad or angry, he wants to express his poor feelingsAt this moment, we need to listen silently first until he
20、 gets clam(冷静的 ) ”可知，当别人伤心或生气的时候,我们需要先静静地倾听他们。故选A。【考点】细节理解题。50 【答案】 C【解析】根据画线词所在句的前一句“For example, we may think our parents are always talking too much ”可名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 / 12知，此处指父母说得太多其实是因为他们担心我们的健身、学习等。因
21、此，anxious 应意为“担心的”,相当于 worried。故选 C。【考点】词义猜测题。51 【答案】 D【解析】。根据第四段最后两句“In order to show our respect( 尊重 ) for others, we had better listen to them first, Then we can express our ideas ”可知，为了表达我们对别人的尊重，我们应该先倾听别人，然后再表达自己的观点。故选D。【考点】细节理解题词汇积累： silent adj 安静的helpful adj 有帮助的 patiently adv 耐心地 behavior n
22、行为 express v 表达常考短语： the sameas 跟 一样help out 帮助 解决困难in fact 实际上care about 关心常考句型： 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；that 引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略。例句： Listening silently is a good quality that we should have (第一段第四句)译文： 安静地倾听是我们应该具有的好品质。D【文章大意 】本文是一篇新闻报道。生于1937 年的薛敏修在天津大学读了四年书后于2018 年以优异的成绩毕业了。52 【答案】 A【解析】 根据第一段最后一句中的“Xu
23、e Minxiu, born in 1937 ” 和第二段第四句中的“In 2014，she was accepted by Tianjin University ”可推知，薛敏修是(2014-1937=)77 岁时考上天津大学的。故选A。【考点】推理判断题。53 【答案】 B【解析】根据第三段第三句“Whenever she had problems, she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help ”可知 ,当薛敏修遇到困难的时候，她会自己解决或者向老师寻求帮助。故选B。【考点】细节理解题。54 【答案】 B【
24、解析】 通读全文可知 ,文章报道了八十岁高龄的薛敏修在天津大学刻苦学习的事迹。因此，最佳标题为 “A Hard-working Old Lady ”,故选 B【考点】标题概括题。55 【答案】 C名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 / 12【解析】 通读全文可知， 文章报道了薛敏修从天津大学顺利毕业的事迹，因此本文应是一则新闻，可能出自报纸。故选C【考点】文章出处题。词汇积累： graduation n 毕业
25、receive v 收到chance n 机会during prep 在 期 间lifelong adj 终身的常考短语： come true 实现be filled with 充满ask for help 向 求助make good use of 充分利用常考句型： wherever 引导让步状语从句，意为“在任何地方，各处”例句： Wherever she went, she would take books with her (第二段最后一句)译文： 无论她去哪里，她都会随身带着书。第二部分V完成句子56on/along the right57turn off /shut off/swi
26、tch off58tickets59draw/paint a horse60warm smileVI 短文填空61worked62happier63cleaning64quickly65turned66arm/ arms67saved68babys69himself70volunteerVII 任务型阅读71fight/ stop/prevent the bad environment72(from Senegal in the west to Djibouti in the east,) on the south/south名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - -
27、 - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 / 1273(there was) little rain74in 200775the great Green Wall/the tree planting project/planting trees/tree planting/building a great green wall of trees/the project of planting trees/the project of the Great Green Wall/brin
28、ging life to the dry lands/environmental protection/protecting the environment/ VIII 补全对话76Yes, nothing much77Some of my paper-cutting works will be shown there78They are about flowers, birds and fishes79Can I join your club?80When and where shall we meet?81What about you/How about you/What about yo
29、ur speech/How about your speech/And you/How is your speech going/ 82My favorite sport is football/Football is my favorite (sport)/Football Soccer/I like football best/I love football best/ 83How can I collect the information/How can I do it/What can I do/How can I prepare for it/ 84(That)sounds good
30、/(Thats) (a) good idea/(Thats) great/OK, I will do that/OK, I will try/you are right/I agree ( with you )/That would be great/I will do as what you say/That makes sense/ 85Youre welcome/Thats all right/Its my pleasure/Not at all/Thats OK/Dont mention it/No problem/ IX 书面表达【审题指导 】本篇书面表达是一篇话题作文,要求考生描写
31、独自在家照看妹妹的情况和感受。写作时使用第一人称 ;时态使用一般过去时。注意要保证内容完整、发挥适当思路清晰、语句通顺、 行文连贯、 语言丰富、书写规范。【写作指导 】要点提示素材串联开头 :引出主题照看我五岁的妹妹(look after my5-year old sister)正文 :介绍照看 妹 妹 的 情况给她讲很多有趣的故事(tell her many funny stories)一起快乐地唱歌和跳舞(sing and dance happily together)教她说一些简单的英语单词(teach her to speak a few simple English words)煮西
32、红柿鸡蛋面(cook noodles with tomatoes and eggs)名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 / 12休息 (have a rest)一起玩游戏 (play games together)看动画片 (watch cartoons)结尾：描述感受感觉很累但很快乐（feel tired but happy ）One Possible versionLast Sunday, my pare
33、nts were not at home, so I looked after my 5-year-old sister Nana at home In the morning, I told her many funny stories first Then we sang and danced happily together I also taught her to speak a few simple English words and she learned well At noon, I cooked noodles with tomatoes and eggs She said
34、they were delicious I was very glad that she enjoyed the lunch Then we had a rest In the afternoon, we played games together After that, we watched cartoons until my parents came back I felt tired but happy听力录音材料I听对话 ,选答案第一节听下面 10 段对话 ,每段对话后有一个问题,读两遍 ,请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题,从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。1 W: Good mor
35、ning, Dad M: Good morning, Lisa!Q: Who are the two speakers?2 W: What a nice blue shirt I M: Thank you I got it from my aunt last week Q: What color is the shirt?3 W: Can I help you, sir?M: Yes Im new here and I get lost I want to go to the bank Q: Where does the man want to go4 W: Tom, Im hungry Le
36、ts get something to eatM: Good idea Some dumplings are OK I know you like them best Q: What will they eat?5 W: Jack, I dont want to watch TV at home this weekend M: Why not go climbing? Then we can get close to nature Q: Whats the mans advice?名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
37、名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 / 126 W: Sam, you did a good job in the reading test Congratulations!M: Thank you!Q: What test did Sam have?7 W: Look at the sun Its so hot! It makes me feel terrible M: Yeah But the radio says it will be cloudy and rainy soon Q: Hows the weath
38、er now?8 W: Im glad that my father will come back from London this FridayM: Oh, youll have to wait for another two daysQ: What day is it today?9 W: Wow, Peter You play the guitar so well How do you do that?M: I practice a lot and go to the music club every Sunday Q: What club does the boy go to ever
39、y Sunday 10 W: Steven, you have read so many books about acting M: Yes I want to play roles in famous films in the futureQ: What does the boy want to be?第二节听下面两段对话,每段对话后有几道小题,请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题,从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。每段对话读两遍。听第 11 段对话 ,回答第 11,12 小题。W: Hello! This is Mary Is that John speaking?M: Sorry Hes
40、out This is SamW: Hi, Sam! Could you take a message to him?M: SureW: Please tell him to call me back this afternoon M: OK, I will听第 12 段对话 ,回答第 13 至 15 小题。W: Good morning, doctor M: Good morning! Whats wrong with you?W: I have a stomachache And Im not feeling well M: Hmm What did you have for supper
41、 yesterday?W: I ate two ice creams and a hamburger You know, it was hot yesterday, so I also ate many pieces of watermelon名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 / 12M: Thats it! Dont eat so many cold things at a time W: OK, I
42、wont Is it serious?M: Nothing serious Take this medicine three times a day and you will be better soon W: Thank you, doctor 听短文 ,选答案本题你将听到一篇短文,读两遍 ,请从每个小题的三个选项中,选出最恰当的一项。Zhang Yuan is a middle school student Last summer, his parents took him to America for a holiday One day, they visited a special t
43、own It was very small Most of the time, the town was very quiet and peaceful There was only a 79-year-old lady living there Her husband died in 2004 and her children all worked in the big cities She had a small shop in the town Sometimes when a few visitors came here or passed by, the lady was glad
44、to see and help them She felt happy when helping others Although she was alone, the lady enjoyed living in the town and being with her dead husband She was content with her life there.Zhang Yuan thought the town was lonely, but full of love.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 12 页 - - - - - - - - -