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1、（6）Unit 3 The art of painting第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Later this month, Tate Britain will host its first Van Gogh exhibition since 1947. Here weve rounded up 4 of his best paintings before the show. Potato Eaters Potato Eaters was Van Goghs fi
2、rst major work and, despite a distinct lack of colour, it was one that he was most proud of. His aim was to represent the difficulties of country life, so the farmers are painted in earthy tones with rough faces and bony hands. He was more concerned with conveying his message than achieving technica
3、l perfection in this painting. Irises Van Gogh finished almost 142 pieces during his stay in the Saint Remy de Provence asylum(精神病), where he was a voluntary patient from 1889 to 1890. This piece was started shortly after he arrived there. The hospital garden provided much inspiration for the artist
4、 during his stay there. Originally, the flowers in this work were painted purple but the red pigment (色素) faded over time and has now turned blue. Cafe Terrace at Night Despite being painted more than 130 years ago, this cafe still exists in France and has since been renamed the Cafe Van Gogh. This
5、artwork marks the first time Van Goghs famous post-impressionistic star-filled sky was seen in a piece, and it was painted on the ground, in person, rather than from memory. While the artwork doesnt bear his signature, its widely known to be Van Goghs, as he mentioned Cafe Terrace at Night in a numb
6、er of his letters. Wheat Field with Cypresses This piece was inspired by the view from Van Goghs asylum window and was finished on the spot. The work was the title of three paintings that offer an insight into his stay at the hospital. Van Gogh was pleased with the summer landscape that he made thre
7、e copies there, one of the same sizewhich hangs in the National Galleryand two smaller copies which he planned to gift to his mother and sister.1.Which painting did Vincent van Gogh take most pride in?A.Irises.B.Potato Eaters.C.CafeTerrace at Night.D.Wheat Field with Cypresses.2.What is the original
8、 colour of the flowers in Irises?A.Purple.B.Blue.C.Red.D.Yellow.3.What do the last two paintings have in common?A.They were the same in size.B.They had more than one copy.C.They were signed by the artist.D.They were painted on the ground.B As everyone knows, shaking hands is a sign of peace and kind
9、ness. However, people finally realize hands have a lot of germs. How do you avoid a handshake if necessary? First, see ifyou can get away with a fist bump(碰拳). A handshake spreads four times the bacteria a fist bump does because of the increased contact time and total surface area exposed. But its a
10、 simple greeting. If youre meeting your tennis partner, go for it. But do not fist bump your boss. Prefer to avoid contact completely? Patti Wood, author of SNAP: Making the Most of First Impressions, Body Language, and Charisma, offersa suggestion: the peace sign. As Wood notes, Belgian BBC reporte
11、r Victor de Laveleye suggested that his countrymen use V as a greeting during World War , which stands for the French word victoire (victory) and Dutch word vijiheid (freedom). If you show the peace symbol, it shows your own beliefs to others. At the same time, you want the same in return, says Wood
12、. Above all, Wood suggests starting the greeting earlier while youre still about seven feet out, giving you the chance to slow it down. In a more formal setting, introduce yourself to others before they get the chance, and offer a wave(挥手) instead of your hand. If theyre still going in for it, there
13、s still hope. When they reach out their hand, place your hand over your heart and lean(倾斜) forward a bit instead of taking it. Researchers at the University of Social Sciences and Humanities in Poland found that when people do this, theyre regarded as more honest. By doing this, you show friendlines
14、s that handshakes always do, while it suggests youd rather not touch. After that, if someone still sticks to a handshake, you are no longer the one making the situation embarrassing.1.What is the disadvantage of a fist bump as a greeting?A.It is not fit for formal occasions.B.It is limited to the sp
15、orts world.C.It doesnt look as friendly as a handshake.D.It spreads no less bacteria than a handshake.2.What does Patti Wood suggest in order to avoid contact?A.Asking others to make a V-sign at the beginning.B.Keeping your distance from others all along.C.Showing greetings one step ahead of others.
16、D.Simply ignoring others hands reaching out.3.What do we know about the greeting mentioned in the last paragraph?A.It shows that one is really sincere.B.It is highly likely to cause trouble.C.It makes the others embarrassed.D.It is often sent by researchers.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Ho
17、w to Treat Others with KindnessB.Major Types of Greetings in Daily LifeC.How to Make Handshakes Much SaferD.Polite Ways to Get Out of Shaking HandsC You may have already seen the shocking video: A man walking his dogs takes a direct hit by lightning. He falls to the ground suddenly, unconscious(失去知觉
18、的). Fortunately, the dogs of the manAlex Coreashead for the hills. And they dont look back. In fact, lightning is much more dangerous for animals than for humans. Perhaps the most heartbreaking example took place in Norway in 2016. Over 300 deer were found dead on a mountain. According to scientist
19、Taylor Ward, the lightning probably hit the ground, and then spread outwards in a deadly shockwave(冲击波), which struck each deer more easily. Why? It is likely due to how animals are grounded: Animals have many legs and theyre much farther apart. Electricity flows through them,and outwards. So, imagi
20、ne a flash of lightning hitting the ground. It finds a leg, travels up it and then finds another leg. Whats more, when lightning strikes a human, theres a chance that the charge goes up one leg and out the other, without hurting any vital organs. However, when lightning goes up an animals front hoof
21、(蹄), it travels through its body to reach the back leg. You might wonder how the lightning that struck Coreas left his dogs unscathed. It is reported that its likely because he absorbed the lightning directly. He may have been protected by his raincoat. And if he was covered with the rain, the charg
22、e could have traveled around his body rather than through it. According to his family, when he came around in the hospital, his thoughts turned to his beloved dogs. The first thing that came into my mind was Where are my dogs? he said. Theyre safe. But perhaps theyre just a little more unwilling to
23、step outside in a storm.1.What can we learn about Alex Coreas?A.He passed away in an instant.B.He was finally saved by his dogs.C.He survived the lightning luckily.D.He got hit when attending his dogs.2.How is lightnings harmful effect on animals described in the text?A.By listing some opinions.B.By
24、 making comparisons.C.By mentioning a video.D.By quoting a scientists words.3.What does the underlined word unscathed in the last but one paragraph mean?A.Uncomfortable.B.Unnoticeable.C.Untouched.D.Uninjured.4.What is the text mainly about?A.How lightning can be avoided.B.What damage lightning may l
25、ead to.C.Why lightning is deadlier to animals.D.How animals are easily struck by lightning.D Just as the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001 caused stronger safety measures in office buildings, COVID-19 may also change how office buildings are designed. Even if big changes wont greet most employees immed
26、iately, their return to the office may be carefully arranged,Hand sanitizer(洗手消毒液) will probably be placed in the entrance. Door handles will be cleaned every day. Remote-work practices that many companies tried to follow in the outbreak of COVID-19 are likely to continue in some form for the future
27、, making it easier for workers to spread out in their offices. There could be A teams and B teams working in different days, said Scott Rechler, chairman of RXR Realty. Over the past ten years, many companies eliminated personal offices in favor of open plan offices, but the amount of space per offi
28、ce worker decreased by 25%, said Janet Pogue McLaurin, an architect at the design company Gensler, which has been observing changes in the workplace since 2008. The typical workstation(工作区) ten years ago was 8 by 8 feet. By 2015, the workstation was down to 6 by 8 feet, and in recent years, it has b
29、ecome smaller. Companies are now considering other ways to give employees breathing room. A meeting room designed for 12 might be used as a meeting room for six. In reception areas, chairs could be placed farther apart. The whole point of furniture was tobring people together, said Kelly Griffin fro
30、m the architecture company NBBJ. Now it has a different function: to pull people apart. Workplaces may also have big changes in the future, including the addition of building materials that reduce the spread of viruses. In addition, new technology could provide access to rooms and lifts without empl
31、oyees having to touch a handle or press a button.1.How could remote-work practices be used further according to Scott Rechler?A.By taking advantage of high tech.B.By dividing employees into groups.C.By creating a safer work environment.D.By making more people work at home.2.What does the underlined
32、word eliminated in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Took something away. B.Managed something well.C.Valued something greatly.D.Took charge of something.3.What measure for workplaces is suggested in Paragraph 4?A.Having fewer people employed.B.Making new seating arrangements.C.Replacing old furniture with
33、 new one.D.Decreasing the sizes of meeting rooms.4.Which is harder to achieve immediately in the workplace according to the text?A.More breathing room.B.Cleaner door handles.C.Larger working spaces.D.Special building materials.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The a
34、rt of creating pictures using colours, shapes and lines is called painting. Museums and galleries show the paintings of professional (专业的) artists. But painting is also a popular form of entertainment and creative expression._ Experienced painters usually use a brush to apply oil paints to a canvas
35、cloth surface. Young painters usually use watercolours on pieces of paper. Very young children may use finger paints to create paintings. Painters can use their art to express devotion to a religion, to tell a story, to express feelings and ideas, or simply to present a pleasing picture. Religious p
36、aintings often show a god or a scene from a sacred text(圣典). Other common subjects have been famous legends and events in history, as well as scenes from daily life. Artists also paint portraits, or pictures of people._ All of these types of paintings show the human figure in some way. Some kinds of
37、 paintings do not focus on people. In landscape (风景) painting the focus is on scenes from nature. Artists also paint still objects such as fruits and vegetables._ Some artists communicate their ideas through pictures that do not represent any object._Paintings dating back 15,000 years have been foun
38、d on the walls of caves in France and Spain._ Samples of painted pottery (陶器) from at least 5, 000 years ago have been found in China and Iran. The ancient Egyptians decorated their temples with beautiful paintings. People in ancient Greece painted decorative objects such as vases in addition to the
39、 walls of temples.A.These works are called still-life paintings.B.These works can communicate a special feeling.C.Humans have been making paintings for thousands of years.D.People of all ages create pictures using a variety of materials.E.Cave paintings generally show animals that early humans hunte
40、d.F.The design of a painting is the plan of its lines, shapes and colours.G.Sometimes artists make portraits of themselves, which are called self-portraits.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The town of Paradise has suffered a fire, which lasted
41、 17 days and caused a loss of $16.5 billion. As a result, the beautifully named place 1 its beauty. Shane Grammer, Creative Director for Disneys theme parks in Los Angeles, paid close attention to the news of the fires deadly path. In fact, he felt quite2 to help when seeing the picture shared by hi
42、s friend, in which only a white chimney of his house3 after the fire. Ive got to4 that chimney, he said. Im not trying to say anything. Its just that Im an artist. And it was a(n)5 for me to express myself and be an artist, wasnt it? Grammer spent three hours spray-painting the image of a woman on t
43、he chimney in black and white, which was6 mysterious. Perhaps it served as a(n)7 of the beauty of life or just life itself. Then Grammer put its picture on social media. On seeing it, the victims of the fire could not8 themselves. Beautiful and impressive, one of them remarked. And another said, You
44、 bring beauty and9 . At this time, Grammer became aware that something 10 had been transformed by a purely artistic expression. When the first mural(壁画) moved so many people, I knew I had to 11 , he told the journalist. Grammer returned to Paradise eight times in three months, 12 which he completed
45、17 murals of victims and other figures. Today, Grammers efforts have 13 into a movement. He has also painted murals in dark places around the world that seriously need some light. Ironically, the first painting, on the chimney in Paradise, existed for just several months, 14 the bulldozer(推土机) was a
46、 merciless art critic. But Grammer couldnt be more pleased about it, which means the spirit of Paradise is 15 again.1.A.destroyedB.createdC.witnessedD.lost2.A.powerlessB.enthusiasticC.urgentD.reluctant3.A.leftB.remainedC.disappearedD.collapsed4.A.mendB.rebuildC.paintD.preserve5.A.riskB.opportunityC.
47、jobD.duty6.A.strikinglyB.originallyC.deliberatelyD.accidentally7.A.labelB.objectC.contentD.reminder8.A.supportB.containC.helpD.release9.A.hopeB.mysteryC.entertainmentD.expectation10.A.brighterB.higherC.biggerD.deeper11.A.take backB.come backC.bring backD.hold back12.A.toB.fromC.ofD.during13.A.brokenB.lookedC.developedD.dipped14.A.sinceB.whileC.