名词性从句学案(优)精品文档8页.doc

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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流名词性从句学案(优)【精品文档】第 7 页名词性从句复习学案班级_组别_姓名_【自主学习,明确目标】1.教学目标:1)了解名词性从句的定义、种类,及其位置。2)掌握名词性从句的语序,引导词的选择及其技巧。2教学重点:熟记that,whether,if,what,which等引导词的特殊用法。3.易混淆点:1)whether,if的区别;2)that,what的区别;3)what,which的区别4)主语从句中的主谓一致问题。【自主学习,问题生成】一、感受名词性从句:猜猜下列谚语的汉语意思,并判断各句中的名词性从句分别是什么从句。1.Whatslostis

2、lost.(句意:_从句)2.Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.(句意:_从句)3.Dontputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.(句意:_从句)4.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.(句意:_从句)5.Weholdthistruththatallmenarecreatedequal.(句意:_从句)二、基础知识回顾:1.名词性从句的定义、句法功能和分类由连接词引导,在复合句中起_词作用的从句叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句在复合句中的功能相当于名词词组,它

3、在复合句中能担任_语、_语、_语和_语等,因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能,名词性从句又可分别分为_从句、_从句、_从句,和_从句。2.引导名词性从句的连接词,及其在句中的作用。名词性从句的引导词在从句中的作用连词that(无意义),whether/if(是否)不充当句子成分,只起连接作用连接代词what,who,whom(宾格),which,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever主语,宾语,表语,whose只作定语连接副词when,where,why,how,becausewhenever,wherever,however状语3.解题方法:1).找出

4、主句的谓语,确定是什么从句。2).分析从句的句子成分,缺什么,补什么;不缺句子成分,不缺意思,就选_;不缺句子成分,只缺“是否”,就选_或if;缺主语/宾语/表语,就补连接_词,选what,who,whom,which等;缺状语,就补连接_词,选when,where,why,how等。3).确定词性后,再根据句子的意思选择适当的引导词。我的问题:(你在预习中有哪些未能解决的问题和有疑问的地方?写在下面做个备忘吧!等待课堂上与老师和同学他就讨论解决。)【合作探究,解决问题】探究一:观察句子,找出主句谓语,划出从句,判断从句类型。1.Whoevercomesiswelcome.(_从句)2.Iti

5、s?reported?that?three?people?were?killed?in?the?traffic?accidentyesterday.(_从句)3.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.(_从句)4.Iwonderedwhyyouweresoangry.(_从句)5.Italldependsonhowwesolvetheproblem.(_从句)6.Ithinkitnecessarythatweshoulddoourhomework.(_从句)7.IhavenoideawhichoneIshouldchoose.(_从句)小结一:1._

6、从句在复合句中作主语。_从句一般位于主句_词或介词之后(如例1),为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用_作形式主语,而把主语从句放在句末(如例2)。2.在复合句中作宾语的从句叫作_从句。它常位于_词或介词之后(如例4,5)。当宾语后面还有宾补时,常用_作形式宾语,而把作真正宾语的宾语从句放到_(如例7)3.在复合句中用作表语的从句叫作_从句。它一般位于_动词之后。(如例3)。4.同位语从句一般位于fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,information,doubt,hope,opinion,plan,suggestion等抽象_词之后,进一

7、步解释和说明前面名词的具体内容或含义。(如例8)探究二:名词性从句的语序问题:选择最佳答案。1.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike2.Youcantimagine_whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexci

8、ted小结二:名词性从句在句中要用_语序,(即连接词+主语+谓语),从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的句首。探究三:主谓一致问题:(用括号中的词的适当形式填空。)1.Whenthemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.2.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.3.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_(be)stillunknown.4.Whatweneed_(be)moretime.5.Whatweneed_(be)moredictionarie

9、s.小结三:1.单个的主语从句作主语时,主句的谓语动词一般用_数形式。(如例1)2.由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句,谓语动词用_数形式。(如例2)3.如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用_数形式。(如例3)4.由what引导从句作主语时,主句的谓语动词的数一般与后面的_语的数保持一致。(如例4、5)探究四:连接词的选用:(一)whether和if的选用(用A.whether/ifB.whetherC.if填空)1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Itisdoubtful_hewillcomehere.3._hewillcomeisnotclear.4.Theq

10、uestionis_hellcome.5.Ihaventdecided_togothere.6.Italldependson_theywillsupportus.7.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.8.Ihavenoidea_themeetingwillbeputoff.小结:1.用whether,if均可的情况:(1)引导_词后的宾语从句(如例1);(2)当it作形式主语,主语从句在_时(如例2)2.下列情况下只能用whether,不能用if引导名词性从句:(1)引导从句并在句首时(如例3)、引导_从句(如例4)、同位语从句(如例8);(2)引导_词后的宾语从句(如例6);(

11、3)从句后紧跟着_时(如例7);(4)后接不定式时(如例5)。(二)that和what的选用(选择A.thatB.what填空)1._hewantsisencouragement.2.Ihavenodoubt_youwillsucceed.3.Thisis_wewanttoknow.4.Heisnolonger_heusedtobe.小结:1.That在名词性从句中_任何成分,只起连接作用,即当从句是完整的也不缺任何意义时,就选_。2._除起连接作用外,还在名词性从句中充当成分,可作从句的_语、_语、或_语,即当从句中缺主语、宾语或表语时,就选_(如例1,3,4)。what的含义是:“什么”、

12、“所的人/地方/样子”等。(三)which与what的选用(选用which或what填空)1.TheIndiansusedtolivein_isnowpartoftheUSA.2.Therearemanykindsofbikesintheshop.Idontknow_tochoose.3.Iwanttobuysomethingformymotherasagift,butIdontknow_tobuy.4.Itisstillunknown_teamwillwinthematch.解题点拨:_表示泛指的事物,常译为什么或所的事物;which表示_范围内的“哪一个(些)”。(四)that,becau

13、se,why的选用(选用A.thatB.becauseC.why填空)1.Hefailedtheexam.Thats_hedidntstudyhardenough.2.Tomisill.Thatwas_hewasabsentfromschoolthismorning.3.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_hemissedthetrainbyoneminute.解题点拨:1.Thatsbecause.那是因为(强调原因);Thatswhy.那是的缘故(强调结果)。2.在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用_,不能用because(如例3)。固定句型:Thereason

14、why(定从)isthat.的原因是。固定句型:Thereasonwhyis/wasthat.的原因是。探究五:连词that(一)that的省略(选择A.thatB.(that)填空)1.Theresultis_wewonthegame.2.Ithink_itwillclearupthisafternoonand_theywillcometosaygoodbyetous.3.Thisisaverygoodcompositionexcept_thereareafewspellingmistakes.4.Ithinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloudever

15、yday.解题点拨:1.That引导主语从句、_从句和同位语从句时不能省略(如例1)。2.that引导_从句时,常可省略,但在下列三种情况下不能省略:当that引导的从句作_词的宾语时(如例3);当有_作形式宾语,而that引导的宾语从句放于句末时(如例4);当有两个或多个并列宾语从句时,引导第一个从句的that可省略,其余的不可省略(如例2)。(二)介词后的that宾语从句(选用A.itthatB.that填空)1.Heisagoodstudentexcept_heisalittlebitcareless.2.Youmaydependon_weshallneverloseheart.解题点拨

16、:that从句一般不作_词的宾语,偶尔可作except,but,in等的宾语(如例1);其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时,需要用_作形式宾语(如例2)。【问题拓展,能力提升】读下面一篇作文,划出文中的名词性从句,并说明是什么从句(主语、宾语、表语从句)。MynameisLiQing.WhatIlikemostaresportsandEnglish.IlikemakingfriendsandIamreadytohelpothers.Inmyopinion,successinlifedependsmainlyonwhetheronecangetalongwellwithothers.Imsu

17、rethatIcanbeyourgoodfriend.Itisknownthatamanwhohasasettledpurpose(明确的目标)willsurelysucceed.MyhopeisthatIcanbeadmittedtoakeyuniversityImdreamingof.However,itisafactthatIdontdoverywellinstudy.Allinall,Iwillmakemoreeffortstomakemydreamcometrue.第二课时1.教学目标:1)学习名词性从句的时态运用;2)学习名词性从句中的虚拟语气;3)学习同位语从句。2.教学重难点:

18、1)同位语从句及其引导词的选用;2)疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句3.易混淆点:1)同位语从句的引导词whether与that的区别;2)同位语从句与定语从句的区别。探究一:易错易混淆点:(一)it作形式宾语(选择最佳答案)1.Weallfind_importantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecision.A.thatB.itC.thisD.which2.Ihate_whentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them3.Idappreciate_ifyoucancometohelpme.A.tha

19、tB.itC.thisD.you解题点拨:1.若主句谓语动词是_,feel,consider,make,believe等,常用_作形式宾语,而将宾语从句置于宾补后(如例1)。2.有些动词接从句作宾语时要用_作形式宾语,这类动词主要有_,_,take,love,like,seeto,dependon,counton等(如例2、3)。(二)名词性从句中的虚拟语气(选择最佳答案)1.Itisrequiredthatthework_finishedbeforedark.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.shouldbeD.mustbe2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wo

20、uldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Mysuggestionisthatwe_outearly.A.willstartB.wouldstartC.startoutD.started4.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting_.A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff5.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_satisfiedwithourwork.A.wasB.isC.beD.hasbeen6.Theboyinsistedthathe_nothingwrong

21、andinsistedthathe_punished.A.shoulddo;notpunishB.did;notpunishC.haddone;notbepunishedD.do;shouldnotbepunished小结一:1.在“Itis+形容词(necessary/natural/strange/advisable/)+that.”句型中,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,即_(如例2)。2.表示建议、要求、命令,坚持要求/主张等动词如:_、advise、propose、demand、_、advice、request、command、order等后的宾语从句、表语从句谓语动词要用_表示虚拟(如例1、

22、4、6)。注意:suggest当表示“暗示、表明”,insist表示“坚持认为”时,从句不用虚拟语气,而按需要来选择时态(如例5、6)。3.在suggestion,proposal,plan,order,advice等表示“建议、计划、命令、劝告”的名词后的同位语从句、_从句中要用_语气,即_(如例3)。(三)wh-ever与nomatterwh-的用法区别1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.Hewouldbelieve_yousaid.A.anyt

23、hingwhatB.whateverC.nomatterwhatD.whatever3._Isaid,hewouldntlistentome.A.WhateverB.NomatterwhatC.Whatever/NomatterwhatD.Anythingwhat解题点拨:wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句(如例1、2);而nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句(如例3)。探究二:同位语从句(一)同位语从句中引导词的选用(用适当的连词完成句子)1.Ihavenoidea_hehasgone.2.Ihavenoidea_hedidit.3.Ihavenoidea_hedi

24、d.解题点拨:在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。4.Asayinggoes_practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧是一句谚语。5.Word(消息)came_themayor(市长)willvisitourschoolnextweek.解题点拨:同位语从句的引导词有时与它所解释说明的名词被其他成分隔开,构成分隔式同位语从句。(二)选用whether或that填空6.Thereisnodoubt_hewillkeephispromise.7.Wehavesomedoubt_theycancompletethetaskontime.8.Idontdoubt_youwil

25、lsucceed.9.Idoubt_hewillcometonight.解题点拨:doubt(怀疑)即可作动词,也可作名词,用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_引导(如例7、9);doubt用于否定句时(不怀疑),其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_引导从句(如例6、8)。在同位语从句中表示“是否”时,只能用_,不能用if。(三)选用A.thatB.whichC.that/which填空10.Thenews_(which/that)ourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(_从句)11.The?news?_?(which/that)he?told?me?just?now?

26、is?true(_从句)连词“that”引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别:引导从句that在从句中的作用有无意义可否省略可否用which代替从句的作用同位语从句连接词_成分,只起连接作用,_不省略不可代替说明前面名词的具体内容定语从句关系代词_、_、表语,起连接作用,有意义作_语时可省略指_时常可用which代替_或限制先行词【问题拓展,能力提升】一、单项填空1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever2.Itisnoneofyourbusines

27、s_otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.(2007福建)A.howB.whatC.whichD.when3.Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(2007天津)A.thisB.thatC.itD.these4.Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you5._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterest

28、inherlessons.?(2000全国卷)?A.that;what?B.what;why?C.what;because?D.why;that6.Wordcame_Napoleon(拿破仑)himselfwascomingtoinspectthem.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that7.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim_hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(2012年江西卷)A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that8.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheoff

29、iceknew_shewassoangry.(2010湖南卷)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why9.IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.Thats_Idontagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(2010江苏卷)A.whereB.howC.whenD.what二、单句改错:1.Ididntknowthatyouwillcome.2.Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaventbeendecidedyet.3.Couldyoutellmewhenw

30、illtheyarrive?4.IdontknowhowIshoulddonext.5.Howandwhyhedidtheexperimentareunknowntoall.三、以下是一封高三毕业生给老师的一封信,在空白处填入适当的连接词,使其内容完整、意思连贯。Dearteachers,_makesusdepressed_wewillgraduatefromChongyaMiddleSchool.Thereasonwhywearesosadis_wewillhavetosaygoodbyetoourlovelyteachersandclassmates.Thedayswespenttoget

31、herarefullofjoysandtears._youarealwayssostrictwithusmademehateyou.However,youarealsoreadytogiveyourhandto_turnstoyouforhelp.Nowweunderstand_youhavetriedtodoforus._youdoandsayisofgreathelptous.Wedontcareabout_wecansurvivethestruggleNationalEntranceExamornot._wecherishis_wehaveenjoyedtheprocess.Thanksforyourteaching!Bestwishes!Yours,Polo

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