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1、发动机常用英语汇总发动机engine 内燃机internal-combusiton engine 动力机装置power unit 汽油机gasoline engine 汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine 火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine 压燃式发动机compression ignition engine 往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机carburetor engine 柴油机diesel engine 转子发动机rotary engine 旋轮线转子发动机ro
2、tary trochoidal engine 二冲程发动机two-stroke engine 四冲程发动机four-stroke engine 直接喷射式柴油机direct injection engine 间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine 增压式发动机supercharged engine 风冷式发动机air-cooled engine 油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine 水冷式发动机water-cooled engine 自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - -
3、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 煤气机gas engine 液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机diesel gas engine 多种燃料发动机multifuel engine 石油发动机hydrocarbon engine 双燃料发动机duel fuel engine 热球式发动机hot bulb engine 多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine 对置活塞发动机opposed pis
4、ton engine 对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine 十字头型发动机cross head engine 直列式发动机in-line engine 星型发动机radial engine 筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine 斯特林发动机stirling engine 套阀式发动机knight engine 气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine 倾斜式发动机slant engine 前置式发动机front-engine 后置式发动机rear-engine 中置式发动机central engine 左侧发动机left-hand e
5、ngine 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 右侧发动机right-hand engine 短冲程发动机oversquare engine 长冲程发动机undersquare engine 等径程发动机square engine 顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine 双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engine V 形发动机V-engine 顶置气门发动
6、机valve in-head engine 侧置气门发动机side valve engine 无气门发动机valveless engine 多气门发动机multi-valve engine 卧式发动机horizontal engine 斜置式发动机inclined engine 立式发动机vertical engine W 形发动机w-engine I 形发动机I-engine L 形发动机L-engine F 形发动机F-engine 性能 performance 二冲程循环two-stroke cycle 四冲程循环four-stroke cycle 狄塞尔循环diesel cycle 名
7、师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 奥托循环otto cycle 混合循环mixed cycle 定容循环constant volume cycle 工作循环working cycle 等压循环constant pressure cycle 理想循环ideal cycle 热力循环thermodynamic cycle 冲程 stroke 活塞行程piston stroke 长行程long stroke 上行程up
8、stroke 下行程down stroke 进气行程intake stroke 充气行程charging stroke 压缩行程compression stroke 爆炸行程explosion stroke 膨胀行程expansion stroke 动力行程power stroke 排气行程exhaust stroke 膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke 换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke 止点 dead center 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名
9、师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 上止点top dead center (upper dead center) 下止点lower dead center (bottom dead center) 上止点前budc (before upper dead center) 上止点后atdc (after top dead cetner) 下止点前bbdc (before bottom dead center) 下止点后abdc (after bottom dead center) 缸径 cylinder bore 缸径与行程bore
10、 and stroke 空气室energy chamber 气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume 燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume 气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume 压缩室compression chamber 排气量displacement 发动机排量engine displacement 活塞排量piston swept volume 气缸容量cylinder capacity 单室容量single-chamber capacity 容积法volumetry 压缩比compression ratio 临界压缩比
11、critical compression ratio 膨胀比expansion ratio 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 面容比surface to volume ratio 行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio 混合比mixture ratio 压缩压力compression pressure 制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure (bmep) 空燃比air f
12、uel ratio 燃空比fuel air ratio 燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio 扭矩 torque 单缸功率power per cylinder 升功率power per liter 升扭矩torque per liter 升质量mass per liter 减额功率derating power 输出马力shaft horsepower 马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour 总马力gross horse power 总功率gross power 净功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel
13、 consumption 空气消耗率air consumption 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 机油消耗量oil consumption 有效马力net horse power 额定马力rated horse power 马力重量系数horsepower-weight factor 制动功率brake horse power 制动热效率brake thermal efficiency 总效率overall
14、efficiency 排烟极限功率smoke limiting horsepower 功率曲线power curve 机械损失mechanical loss 机械效率mechanical efficiency 有效热效率effective thermal efficiency 充气系数volumetric efficiency 过量空气系数coefficient of excess air 适应性系数adaptive coefficient 扭矩适应性系数coefficient of torque adaptibility 转速适应性系数speed adaptive coefficient 强
15、化系数coefficient of intensification 校正系数correction factor 换算系数conversion factor 活塞平均速度mean piston speed 发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 怠速转速idling speed 经济转速economic speed 起动转速starting
16、 speed 最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque 最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed 调速 speed governing 超速 overspeed 怠速 idling 转速波动率speed fluctuation rate 工况 working condition (operating mode) 额定工况declared working condition 变工况variable working condition 稳定工况steady work
17、ing condition 空载 no-load 全负荷full load 超负荷overload 部分负荷part load 充量（进气）charge 旋转方向direction of rotation 顺时针clockwise 逆时针counter-clockwise 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 左转 left-hand rotation 右转 right-hand rotation 外径 major
18、diameter 中径 pitch diameter 内径 minor diameter 径向间隙radial clearance 发动机性能engine performance 加载性能loading performance 起动性能starting performance 加速性能acceleration performance 动力性能power performance 排放性能emission performance 空转特性no load characteristics 负荷特性part throttle characteristics 调速特性governor control ch
19、aracteristics 万有特性mapping characteristics 稳定调速率steady state speed governing rate 气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block and head 气缸体cylinder block 整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock) 发动机罩engine bonnet 气缸体加强筋engine block stiffening rib 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共
20、20 页 - - - - - - - - - 气缸 cylinder （转子机）缸体stator 缸径 cylinder bore 气缸体机架cylinder block frame 气缸盖cylinder head 配气机构箱valve mechanism casing 气缸体隔片cylinder spacer 气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket 气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket 气缸套cylinder liner (cylinder sleeve) 干式缸套dry cylinder liner 湿式缸套wet cylinder liner 气缸
21、水套water jacket 膨胀塞expansion plug 防冻塞freeze plug 气缸壁cylinder wall 环脊 ring ridge 排气口exhaust port 中间隔板intermediate bottum 导板 guideway 创成半径（转子机）generating radius 缸体宽度（转子机）operating width 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 机柱 colu
22、mn 燃烧室combustion chamber 主燃烧室main combustion chamber 副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber 预燃室prechamber 涡流燃烧室 swirl combustion chamber 分开式燃烧室divided combustion chamber 涡流式燃烧室turbulence combustion chamber 半球形燃烧室hemispherical combustion chamber 浴盆形燃烧室bathtub section combustion chamber L 形燃烧室L-combustion
23、chamber 楔形燃烧室wedge-section combustion chamber 开式燃烧室open combustion chamber 封闭喷射室closed spray chamber 活塞顶内燃烧室piston chamber 爆发室explosion chamber 燃烧室容积比volume ratio of combustion cahmber 燃烧室口径比surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber 通道面积比area ratio of combustion chamber passage 曲轴箱通气口crankcase brea
24、ther 凸轮轴轴承座camshaft bearing bush seat 定时齿轮室罩camshaft drive (gear) cover 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcase door 曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion proof door 主轴承盖main bearing cap 气缸盖罩valve mechanism cover 飞轮壳flywheel
25、cover 扫气储器scavenging air receiver 活塞 piston 裙部开槽活塞split skirt piston U 形槽活塞U-slot piston 滚花修复活塞knurled piston 圆顶活塞dome head piston 平顶活塞flat head piston 凸顶活塞crown head piston (convex head piston) 凹顶活塞concave head piston 阶梯顶活塞step-head piston 筒形活塞trunk piston 椭圆形活塞oval piston 抗热变形活塞autothermic piston
26、不变间隙活塞constant clearance piston 镶因瓦钢片活塞invar strut piston 直接冷却式活塞direct-cooled piston 间接冷却式活塞indirect cooled piston 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 滑裙活塞slipper piston 活塞速度piston speed 活塞顶部piston head 活塞裙部piston skirt 整体活塞裙
27、solid skirt 活塞裙扩大衬簧piston skirt expander 滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt 隔热槽heat dam 活塞标记piston mark 活塞销piston pin 活塞销孔piston pin boss 活塞销衬套piston pin bushing 全浮式活塞销full-floating piston pin 半浮式活塞销semifloating piston pin 固定螺钉式活塞销set screw piston pin 活塞环piston ring 组合式活塞环compound piston ring 同心活塞环concentric pisto
28、n ring 偏心活塞环eccentric piston ring 自由环free ring 闭合环closed ring 梯形环keystone ring 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 半梯形环half keystone ring 矩形环rectangular ring 油环 oil control ring 开槽油环slotted oil control ring 螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环coil spr
29、ing loaded slotted oil control ring 涨环 expander 双坡口油环double bevelled oil control ring 内上坡口internal bevel top 内下坡口internal bevel bottom 边缘坡口油环bevelled-ege oil control ring 刮油环scrapper ring 钩形环napier ring 镀铬活塞环chrome plated piston ring 活塞衬环piston ring expander 活塞环槽piston ring groove 活塞环区ring zone 活塞环岸
30、piston ring land 活塞环内表面back of ring 曲柄连杆机构connecting rod 中心曲柄连杆机构central-located connecting rod 偏心曲柄连杆机构offset connecting rod 铰接曲柄边杆机构hinged connecting rod 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 连杆 connecting rod 连杆小头connecting r
31、od small end 连杆大头connnecting rod big end 连杆杆身connecting rod shank 副连杆slave connecting rod 叉形连杆fork-and-blade connecting rod 主连杆main connecting rod 方形连杆boxed rod 绞链式连杆hinged type connecting rod 活节式连杆articulated connecting rod 连杆盖connecting rod cap 连杆轴承connecting rod bearing 曲轴 crankshaft 整体式曲轴one-pie
32、ce crankshaft 组合式曲轴assembled crankshaft 右侧曲轴right-hand crankshaft 左侧曲轴left-hand crankshaft 改变行程的曲轴stroked crankshaft 曲轴前端crankshaft front end 曲轴主轴颈crankshaft main journal 轴颈重叠度shaft journal overlap 圆角 fillet 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 20 页
33、- - - - - - - - - 主轴承main bearing 曲轴止推轴承crankshaft thrust bearing 薄臂轴瓦thin wall bearing shell 曲轴油道crankshaft oil passage 曲柄 crank 曲柄臂crank arm 曲柄销crank pin 轴套 bush 曲柄转角crank angle 曲柄半径crank radius 抛油圈oil slander 角度轮degree wheel 动平衡机dynamic balancer 平衡重balancer weight 扭振减振器torshional vibration damper
34、 扭振平衡器torsion balancer 谐振平衡器harmonic balancer 振动平衡器vibration balancer 曲轴链轮crankshaft sprocket 转子轴颈rotor journal 偏心轴eccentric shaft 曲轴箱crankcase 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 16 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 闭式曲轴箱通风装置closed-crankcase ventilating system 飞
35、轮 flywheel 飞轮齿圈flywheel ring gear 飞轮芯棒cantilever 飞轮芯轴flywheel spindle 飞轮的惯量矩flywheel moment of inertia 飞轮标记flywheel mark 当量系统equivalent system 当量轴长equivalent shaft length 一级往复惯性力reciprocating inertia force,1st order 二级往复贯性力reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order 离心惯性力centrifugal inertia force 配气机构val
36、ve gear 凸轮轴camshaft 凸轮 cam 整体式凸轮轴one-piece camshaft 组合式凸轮轴assembled camshaft 凸轮轴驱动机构camshaft drive 赛车用凸轮轴race camshaft 凸轮轴轴颈camshaft bearing journal 凸轮轴轴承camshaft bearing 凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft eccentric 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 17 页，共 20 页 - - - - - -
37、- - - 凸轮轴链轮camshaft sprocket 凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear 凸轮轴齿轮camshaft gear wheel 进口凸轮inlet cam 排气凸轮exhaust cam 快升凸轮quick lift cam 快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam 凸轮轮廓cam contour 凸轮包角cam angle 凸轮升程cam-lobe lift 凸轮尖cam nose 凸轮从动件cam follower 齿轮传动机构gear drive 正时齿轮timing gear 链传动机构chain drive 链轮 sp
38、rocket wheel 链轮盘chain sprocket 正时链条timing chain 带齿皮带toothed timing belt 链条张紧轮chain tension gear 半速齿轮half speed gear 正时齿轮刻印记号timing gear punch mark 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 18 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 气门 valve 进气过程intake process 换气过程gas exchang
39、e process 扫气过程scavenging process 给气比delivery ratio 分层充气stratified charge 充量系数volumetric efficiency 涡流比swirl rate 进气涡流intake swirl 螺旋进气道进气helical duct intake 导流屏式气门进气masked valve intake 切向进气道进气tangential duct intake 进气紊流intake trubulence 进气提前角intake advance angle 进气持续角intake duration angle 进气迟后角intak
40、e lag angle 进面值time-area value 气门升程valve lift 气门正时valve timing 扫气口面积scavenging port area 菌形气门mashroom valve, poppet valve 钠冷却气门sodium filled valve (natrium cooled valve) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 19 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - - 双气门dual valve 进气门intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve) 排气门exhaust valve 顶置气门overhead valve 侧置气门side valve 倾斜气门inclined overhead valve 直立气门vertical overhead valve 套筒式滑阀sleeve valve 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 20 页，共 20 页 - - - - - - - - -