英语四级复习材料 整理笔记.doc

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1、75 四级复习资料序(方法) 英语是你生活的必需,而不是为了考试。那么然后要建立一个小小的英语环境。首先下载“龙卷风网络收音机”免费软件,安装后就可以收听VOA,BBC等几百个英语电台的英语节目了。如果你的英语发音特别不准的话,你可以先从VOA的慢速英语来练习口语的正确发音。(听)有了这个环境,我们开始解决第一个问题,记忆单词这是一切的基础。学英语首先要学会正确的发音。新东方的41课堂的语音语调,美国英语班,李阳的疯狂英语教材,郭锐峰的ASAP英语教材,邱政政的TOEFL新听力一书都可以很好的解决这个问题。(发音)词根词缀记忆法,刘仁的十天突破雅思真题词汇是方法学讲的最好的,刘毅的英文字根字典

2、是拆分最好的,蒋争的英语词汇的奥秘是分类最好的,朗文词典第三版。(记忆单词)关于通过看电影学英语的方法,新东方的俞敏洪,杜伟老师建议,根据你的实际能力,先看23遍没有字幕的,然后再看一遍有字幕的,如果还搞不定,下载该电影的剧本,把剧本过一遍,先把剧本搞定(这已经是阅读问题了),然后再看一遍有英文字幕的,保证看着字幕理解是没有问题的。如果字幕的版本不理想,可以到http:/ English进行语音语调的模仿。要求你大声的朗读,坚持背诵(reciting)。语言看懂了不是你的,背下来才是你的,背下来再说出来才真正是你的。在口语的发音方面,李阳疯狂英语的方法很值得推荐。针对中国人英语发音的缺点,李阳

3、总结了五个发音秘诀:双元音和长元音发音要饱满I made a terrible mistake 短元音收小腹,短促有力lets get together again soongreat minds think alikeI am so prode of youGo HomeSweat Dream 连读I am working on itI will think it over 省略I don”t know what to do 咬舌头3333Its the same thing 精确地发音有助于你正确的表达你的思想不被误解,例如下面的单词如果你发音不准的话,很有可能造成误会:bad i: be

4、d beach bitch * sheet shit fool full 这是英语播音员常使用的方法。首先要保证的是,你的发音是要正确的。然后先做热身,尽最大可能噘嘴,发“屋”的音,然后尽最大可能咧嘴,发“一”的音,然后再噘嘴发“屋”的音,再转成咧嘴的“一”音。然后快速的转换,知道两腮酸痛为止。然后双手轻拍双颊,做一下简单的放松。接着找一份阅读材料来阅读。但是要注意,读的时候要咬住牙齿不要分开,然后尽量正确的发音,把这篇短文度2遍。你会觉得这么做很难受,本来发音就不准,现在更没谱了。没关系,当你觉得两腮酸痛的时候,张开嘴,以正常的方式再朗读刚才的短文,你就会发现,你的发音已经有质的突破了,元音

5、自然就饱满了,嘴自然就张开了,自己会明显的感觉到发音到位了。(发音)想学基础英语就选新概念,想学生活英语就选走遍美国总结:学好实用英语(不是应试)的一些方法,总结如下:1.不要浪费时间在选择题和枯燥的背单词上2.多多阅读英文报刊,网站,或是看英文肥皂剧,电影3.听VOA,BBC4.查单词用英英字典5.看DVD电影,要看不带字幕的,然后再看带字幕,实在还是没看懂,就下剧本研究,研究完毕再次看一边电影(一定要不带字幕,。练习听力)6.看原版英文小说四级 四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型:I 押韵题型(押头韵、押尾韵);答案总在相似中,如果有三个一样,基本上就在其中了。54. The rain was

6、 heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.A consequently B continuously C constantly D consistentlycontinue v. 继续,连续; continually adv. 时断时续地; continuously adv. 连续不断地。说不停的咳嗽时,continually是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽,continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。consequently adv. 因此,所以;(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)constantly adv. 始终如一地,连续发生地;constant

7、 temperature 恒温consistently adv. 一贯地,一致地; consistent adj. consistent policy 一贯的政策。36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you havent seen before.A revise B rewrite C reveal D reverserewrite v. 重写,改写; revise vt. 修改,修正; reveal vt. 揭示,揭露;reverse vt. 颠倒,使反转,使反向。(vers是词根,表示转动;re是前缀,表示向相反方向)42. T

8、here were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.A preferable B considerable C possible D availableperformance n. 表演,演出,演奏; perform vt. possible adj. 可能的动词后加able构成形容词通常表示“可的” read - readable accept - acceptableconsider vt. 考虑; considerable adj. (数量或尺寸)相当大(或多)的。preferable adj. 更好的,更可取的; available* ad

9、j. 可获得的,可利用的,可支配的。(重点词)33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.A acceptable B applicable C advisable D availableliving expenses 生活费; acceptable adj. 可接受的;apply vt. 申请,应用; applicable adj. 可应用的,适当的,合适的;advise vt. 建议;

10、 advice n. 建议; advisable adj. 明智的,可取的。54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A consistent B continuous C considerate D continualachieve unity through peaceful means 通过和平手段取得统一; consistent policy 一贯政策II 构词法题型(词的转化,合成,派生);构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。(见下面2个例题)31. Despite the

11、 wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.A three-hours B three-hour C three-hours D three-hours267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.A two-thousand-words B two-thousands-wordC two-thousand-word D two-thousands-words以ly结尾的不全是副词; friendly, lonely

12、, lovely, likely, lively adj.考试中常见的否定前缀: un-、dis-、in-、im-56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A Dislike B Unlike C Alike D Likinglike vt. 喜欢; dislike vt. 不喜欢,厌恶; unlike prep. 不象;alike adj. & adv. 同样的(地),相象的(地); liking n. 爱好,嗜好;take a liking for喜欢,对产生好感。III 近

13、义词含义比较;44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.A artificial B unnatural C false D unrealunreal adj. 不真实的(不是真实世界所拥有的,虚幻的); Ends justify means 不择手段;false adj. 具有欺骗性的,假的,伪造的; false coin/passport/hair,a false tooth/false teethunnatural adj. 不自然的,经常用来修饰人的行为举止,表示做作的,矫揉造作的。artificial adj. 人造人为的 artifi

14、cial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.A laziness B poverty C idleness D inabilitylaziness n. 懒惰; poverty n. 贫穷; poor adj. 贫穷的;idleness n. 无事可做(中性,有时也有贬义含义); inability n. 没有能力,没有办法。69. A lot of ants are

15、 always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.A nuisance B trouble C worry D anxietyinvade 进攻,侵略; nuisance n. (具体的)令人讨厌的东西; trouble n. 烦恼,麻烦,问题;worry n. 担心,发愁; anxiety n. 焦虑。 What a nuisance. 真是烦。IV 搭配关系问题;extent n. 程度; to. extent 到达程度,在程度之上; extent 只能和to搭配。object vi. 反对; object + to + 动名词(动词

16、的ing形式)。objection n. 反对; objection + to + 动名词(动词的ing形式)。V 形相近,意相远;65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.A late B last C latter D laterlate adj. 晚的,晚于通常时间的; late spring 晚春、暮春; last adj. 最后的,最终的;later adj. 更晚的(late的比较级)、时间概念后一半的;只适用于表示某个世纪的后半期; The later twentieth century.

17、 二十世纪的后一半。latter adj. (两者中)后者的; former adj. (两者中)前者的;59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.A batteries B bargains C baskets D barrelsbattery n. 电池; bargain n. 特价商品; Its really a bargain. 你真会买东西,不是说真便宜。basket n. 篮子; barrel n. 桶;

18、wonderful bargain 物美价廉的商品;bargain v. 讨价还价;53. Remember that customers dont _D_ about prices in that city.A debate B consult C dispute D bargain-XXXX-XX-41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A after B with C by D from cause 事业; be named after 以的名字命名;42. T

19、here were no tickets _D_ for Fridays performance.A preferable B considerable C possible D available preferable adj. 更好的,更可取的;358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.A Inferior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preferable to 具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。 super- 表示在上方,超过infe

20、rior adj. 低于的,劣于的; superior adj. 高于的,优于的; prior adj. 在之前的Revolutionary War 特指美国独立战争;second adj. 第二的(含有比较意味,也与to搭配)He is second to none. 首屈一指,无与伦比;30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.A of B to C with D from43. It wasnt such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.A that B wh

21、ich C as D what such that 如此 以至于 ; sb + be + _ + sth 空格处应为能加双宾语的动词; 加双宾语的动词的用法:动词 + sb + sth(主动形式); sb + be + pp + sth(被动形式);59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. the right to vote 选举权A ignored B neglected C refused D denieddeny v. 否认,拒绝;deny sb

22、sth 拒绝给予某人某物;44. They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.A unless B until C before D although45. _B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A Each B Any C Either D One common sense 常识; each 这个词在英语中强调的是个体与众不同的特点; any 这个词强调的是很多东西在一起的共性; either 两者之间任何

23、一个;31. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _C_ chemists.A each B some C any D certain46. All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A what is needed B for our needs C the thing needed D that is needed 当all作定语从句的先行词时,从句只能用that来引导; all that = what47. _A_ with the

24、 size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A When compared B Compare C While comparing D Comparing本题的关键是弄清compare与mountain的关系; when 可以直接加过去分词;before(after) + being + 过去分词;44. After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A being interviewed B inter

25、viewed C interviewing D having interviewedThey lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.48. _C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist. 专家A That was from Stephen B It was Stephen whomC It was from Stephen that D It was Stephen that本题重点是强调句式; 当被强调部分

26、指人且在句子中作宾语时,其余部分可用whom引导;49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.A suit B set C one D pair50. Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A opportunities B necessities C realities D probabilities51. He must have had an accident,

27、 or he _A_ then.A would have been here B had to be here C should be here D would be heremust have + 过去分词 表示对过去行为的肯定推测;与过去事态相反用:情态动词 + have + 过去分词 来体现虚拟语气;must 一定,必须; neednt, dont have to 不必;53. You _A_ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.A neednt have done B must not

28、have doneC shouldnt have done D can not have doneshould have + 过去分词 本应该,本应当; shouldnt have done本不应该,本不应当;44. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.A mustnt have done B wouldnt have doneC mightnt have done D didnt have to do52. It was essential that the applications forms _C_ b

29、ack before the deadline. A must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sentIt be essential that 后面一定用虚拟语气,且句子谓语动词固定为(should) + 动词原型;It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.53. We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door. A just have had B have just had

30、C just had D had just hadwhen 还可以表示刚.就 (有动作先后关系)、恰在此时;44. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.A as B while C after D when45. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.A unless B until C when D wh

31、ile64. It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.A must be sent B will be sent C are sent D be sent第一部分.听力部分听力技巧一:学会取舍,理解内容听力考试中最忌讳的就是词词计较,力求听懂所有词。其实,听懂所有词首先没必要,其次也不可能。我们在日常生活中听中文时,无论听什么,注意力都不会在每一个字或词上面,而是对文段或对话内容的整体的理解上。何况我们听的是英文,在英文句子中,对不同的词本身就有弱读和重读。听力技巧二:扫视材料,预测

32、内容当广播中朗读听力要求时,我们要充分利用这个时间,迅速扫视书面文字中的题干及选项,通过扫视联系上下文,有根据地预测文段发生的时间、场所、人物,并预测出谈话的大致内容。并且,在扫视中我们对提出的问题尤其要注意。这样做的结果是听录音时我们可以有的放矢,做到有备而来,心中有数。听力技巧三:注重首句,抓住主旨在听长文段时,由于信息多,而且听力不同于阅读,朗读速度非常快,需要我们快速做出反应,所以在听的时候就更应当注意主旨大意。在阅读中我们知道作者一般会在首句或首段道出文段的中心大意、或对所阐述内容进行概括,有些作者也会在结尾时再一次点题。文段中间部分主要是细节,或是作者为了证实自己的观点,进一步举出

33、例证,这一部分基本上是事实或是细节。了解了这个特点后,我们在听录音材料时就可以有目的地听。如果为了解答主旨问题就要着眼于首句,如果为了回答细节问题就要注意中间部分。听力技巧四:简单记录,便于辨认长文段听力中细节很多,所以只靠脑子记忆确实有困难。我们在做长文段听力时可以做一些简单的记录。这种记录要非常简练,要记重要环节。如文中提及的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、数字、选择等信息都非常重要。笔记要提纲挈领,达到帮助记忆、推断和答题的目的即可。记录的方法多种多样。可以使用符号、画图、缩写形式等,只要自己能辨认就可以了。听力技巧五:连贯记忆,准确推理听录音时,既要不断输入、理解、存贮信息,

34、又要不打断听的过程;既要集中精力听,又要用心记;紧扣话题,把握说话者的思路,捕捉信号词,连贯记忆主要信息。听完试题后,要前后联系,利用后面听到的信息补充前面漏听的或有疑问的信息,并对听前、听中的预测和判断加以推理、分析、修正,以使理解的准确性更高。最后提醒大家,在做听力考试试题时,要消除紧张情绪,集中注意力。听力考试对我们不仅仅是听的能力的考查,同时是对我们心理素质的测验。所以在做听力题前要放松自己的情绪,以愉快轻松的状态应对考试。只要我们加强训练,训练得法,掌握一些必要的应试技巧就能够在高考听力中取得高分。三、短对话考查方式:一共8个短对话,每个对话一个问题。2个长对话,共7个问题。每个对话

35、念一遍,结束之后提出问题。1But 题型形式:A:B:,but .重点听第二个说话人B说话,but 后面所说的话为重点,出题点往往在but后面。四级听力题中,But 后面的为重点的占95%,之前的为重点的占5%。2. 场景题(1)每一类场景,常考出题思路用于解题(2)线索词场景题提问方式:(1)what (过去,现在,将来)(2)Where is the conversation taking place? / Where does the conversation take place?(3)When is the conversation taking place?(4)Whowhere

36、(location) 问人是谁,可以从他所在的地方来判断。各类场景(把各类场景容易出现的词给记住,选选项时往常考思路上靠)3.重复反问题型形式:A:B:(形容词,重复A部分的话),.Q:直接把B所说的形容词加深程度的选项为正确选项。例1:A:Its a little bit warm out today.B: Warm. You could fry an egg on the sidewalk. 正确选项应是强调warm的。例2:A: Mary sees happy with her grades.B: Happy. She could hardly contain herself.她简直乐翻

37、了。正确选项应该是强调happy的。4态度方向题 Yes/ No?A:讲述一个idea/opinion(一般疑问句)。B:Yes/No,(阐述理由)。选项特点: 有两个两两相反的选项(另外提醒一下,在听力题四个选项中,如果有其中两个选项说的内容刚好是相反的,那么正确答案必定为其中一个)。5建议题A:trouble(讲述一个trouble)B1: Advice.B2: Dont worry. / Calm down. / Take it easy.B: 先安慰,后给advice.表示建议的表达方式You should./ shouldnt.You ought to.Why not/ why do

38、nt?If I were you, I would.How about doing/ What about doing?Its (about/high) time that (用过去时)。虚拟语气:1)might have, could have, should have本应该2)表与现在相反If I were you, I would =You should.语气词1)表示糟糕的语气Its too bad. / Its tough. / Oh, no. / What a pity. / Tough luck. / Uh-oh.小麻烦2)表示惊讶的语气Boy. / Oh, boy. / Oh,

39、 mine. / My God. / My Goodness. / WOW! 非常惊讶3)表示赞美的语气Wonderful. / Terrific. / My favorite. = My fav.我的最爱。 / Cool. / Super cool. 酷呆了。/Ultra cool.酷毙了。4)表示肯定的语气Yeah. = Yes. / You bet. / Uh-huh. / And / Ill say. / You said it. / You can say that again. / And how. / Isnt it (though). / Arent they (though)

40、. 5)表示否定的语气nope.(升调)=no./ But. / Are you kidding? / Are you joking? / Are you serious? / No kidding. / no joking. / Who told you that? / Says who. / Says you.注: 长对话是短对话的扩展,所以以上技巧也基本上适合长对话。 四、短文考查方式:一共3篇短文,10个问题。每篇短文念一遍,结束之后提出问题。1文章类型(1) 介绍性1)讲故事。2)说明性对现实生活的影响。(2) 讨论性 conclusion说出一个结论。(3) 对比性my opini

41、on.讲述我的观点。2解题思路(1)结构(2)行文(3)思维3解题步骤(1) 听之前看选项1)看选项长短。2)找出选项中的相同词以便确定文章的内容和范围。3) 找数字题年代,时间,数目,金钱。(2)抓两头1)听到结尾回忆结尾的一两句话。2)重复词(重复出现的词就是文章所讲述的重点内容),同时提示文章快要结束了。3)As a result, so , therefore, thus均提示文章快要结束了。(3)中间抓小词1)要牢记以下七个小词:first, most , because出现,99%会出考题。only, just也会出考题。but, however也会出考题。2)常考的逻辑关系:并列

42、:and因果:because转折:but , however递进:the more ,the more让步:despite, although, though(4)补救措施如果没听清楚文章内容,就必须听清楚题目问什么,然后用common sense常识来判断正误4题型(1)主观态度题:讲facts,选正态度(就是说,选一个积极的,赞扬的,好的态度)。Whats the speakers attitude toward sth?Whats the speakers impression of sth?主观态度题常常不会考太过细致的选项(就是说,说得太精确的选项一般都是用来迷惑人的)。(2)中心思

43、想题Whats the passage mainly talking about?Whats the main idea of this passage?Whats the topic of this passage?(3)paraphrase替换题1)词组与词的替换cancel= call off late/delay=behind schedule2)词与词的替换a.同义词interesting =stimulating =fascinating =excitingb.反义词五、复合式听写考查方式:一篇文章一共10个空,1-7空为单词听写,8-10空为句子听写。复合式听写历来是考生们最头疼

44、的四级“绝杀”。因为完全没有选择,需要真刀真枪的写出所有答案,在过去的年份中,考生们也是能躲就躲。但是,在新四级当中,由于作为固定模式出现,复合式听写将永恒存在。十题中,前七空需要写出七个单词,实际上,这些单词中大部分都属于能够听懂,但是容易写错的单词。所以,平时的功夫就很重要了。在此建议考生,对于那些经常出现,但是总让自己的拼写出现困难的单词,考生们一定要多加注意。而对于分数设计较高的最后三个空,也就是长句子听写,笔者建议考生一定按照考试说明的要求,用“按照自己的话把题目要点写出来”而尽量不要“完全按照听到的写下来”,因为后者的难度实在太大,另外,也没有必要。在应用前者方法的同时,考生需要注

45、意,在第一遍记录完大致的主语以及谓语后,第二遍时,请一定注意听完,在脑海里稍微用自己的思路组织一下,再动笔进行书写。因为只有这样,才能够按照“由长到短,由难到易”的方向进行长句的转化。下面是答题顺序及技巧:1听之前(pre-listening)(1)对全文进行全局性预览:尤其是第一句(topic)和最后一句(conclusion)。(2)观察空格前后的特殊现象,判断词性,单复数,时态语态。2听之时(while-listening) 原则:精听,速记,以听为主,以记为辅。3如何速记(1)省略虚词如:如冠词,助动词等。(2)遇到词组记每个单词首字母如 break down 就记作B D ,但一定要自己看得懂的。(3)长单词记前三个字母 如:experience 就记作 exp。(4)符号记忆 如:more than 就记作” less than 记作 “” equal to 记作 “=”等等。(5)混合记忆 就是把上面几种方法混合起来用,还可以夹杂中文字等等。(6)随便记忆 如果实在一时想不出是什么词,就用拼音,音标或者读音相近的词先把

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