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1、感叹句结构及用法感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用what和how引导, what和how 与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序。一、由what 引导的感叹句:what 意为 多么 用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语 +谓语 . 如: What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀! What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀! What delicious food
2、 it is! 多么有味的食物呀!二、由 how 引导的感叹句:how 意为 多么 ,用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how 修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj. ( adv.)+主语 +谓语 . 如: How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀! How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀! How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀!三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用what 引导,也可用how 引导。如: What a hot da
3、y it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀! What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀!四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。如: What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀! What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀! What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀!精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页感叹句巧解:感叹句要看
4、后面,即看形容词后的东东,1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用 what a/an; 是不可数名词或可数名词复数,只用 what。2)若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom s 等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用 how 就 OK 了。如:例句 1: What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊!/ 形容词单数名词例句 2:What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊!/ 形容词复数名词例句 3:What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊!/ 形容词不可数名词例句 4:How go
5、od the boy is! 这男孩多好啊!/ 形容词乱糟糟若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用how. 例: How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊!/ 副词(what 不可以修饰副词,看到副词直接用how)How time flies! How fast Liu Xiang runs 打油诗一首 : 感叹句往后看形容词后是名单就用 what a 或 what an 形后若是不可数或名复数只用 what 就可以形容词后乱糟糟只写 how 就 OK 了【指点迷津】 what 通常修饰名词,引导的感叹句的结构为:1. What + a(n) + 形容词
6、+可数名词的单数形式+主语 +谓语 +其他!2. What +形容词 +可数名词的复数形式+主语 +谓语 +其他!3. What +形容词 +不可数名词 +主语 +谓语 +其他!how 通常修饰副词或形容词,引导的感叹句的结构为:1. How + 形容词或副词 +主语 +谓语!2. How + 主语 +谓语!精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页感叹句专项练习一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday! 2)._cute dog it is! 3)._
7、 interesting the story is! 4)._ bad the weather in England is! 5)._ honest boy Tom is !6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off! 7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday! 8)._ exciting news youve brought us! 9)._cool your new car is! 10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran! A. How B
8、. How an C. What D. What an 2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances! A. How, how B. What, whatC. How, what D. What, how 3. _ delicious the soup is! I d like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C What D. What an 5. _ f
9、oolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 6._ difficult questions they are! I can t answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 8. _ lovely weather we are having t
10、hese days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 9. _ beautiful your new dress is! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How anC. What D. What an 三、所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句:1. The boy swam very fast. (同义句) _ _ the boy swam! 2. The school trip is very
11、exciting. (同义句) _ _ the school trip is! 3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. (同义句)_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter! 4. It is a very useful dictionary. (同义句) _ _ _ dictionary it is! _ _ _ dictionary is! 5. The students are listening very carefully. _ _ the students are listening! 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页答案:一、 What,What a, How, How ,What an, What, What a, What, How, How 二、 BAACA CACAC 三、 1. How fast 2. How exciting 3. How beautiful 4. What a useful, How useful the 5. How carefully 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页