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1、1.sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音， noise噪音 I hate the loud noise outside. 2. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动，锻炼 ( 不可数 ) ，exercises练习 (可数 ) ，practice(反复做的 ) 练习take exercise 做运动3. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数， job 可数a good job，What interesting work it is! 4. cook, cookercook厨师， cooke
2、r厨具He is a good cook. 5. police, policemanpolice警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察The police are questioning everyone in the house. 6. problem, question problem常和困难联系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问联系，多和ask, answer连用7. price, prizeprice价格， prize奖，奖品，奖金win the first prize The price is hi
3、gh/low. 8. a number of, the number ofa number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of 的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 9. in front of, in the front ofin front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面A boy sits in the front of the room. 10. next year, the next yearnext year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语He sa
4、id he would go abroad the next year. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页11. in bed, on the bedin bed卧在床上， on the bed在床上The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed. 12. the people, a peoplethe people指人， a people指民族The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 13. it, oneit 同一物体， one 同类不同一I
5、lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 14. that, thisthat指代上文所提到的，this 导出下文所要说的I was ill. Thats why15. none, nothing, no one none强调有多少， nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物， no one指人- How many /How much ? - None. 16. anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of ，any one指人 /物均可，可接of, any one of you17. who, whatwho 指姓名或关系
6、，what 指职业或地位What is your dad? He is a teacher. 18. what, whichwhat 的选择基础是无限制的，which 在一定范围内进行选择Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 19. other, anotherother 后接名词复数，another 后接名词单数other students, another student 20. many, much, a lot ofmany 和可数名词连用，much 和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句I havent many
7、 books. 21. much more than, many more thanmuch more than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more than后接可数名词many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页22. no, not no=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any water 23. by oneself, for ones
8、elf, to oneselfby oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己， to oneself 供自己用的24. at all, after allat all 根本，全然 , after all 到底，毕竟After all he is a child. 25. tall, hightall 常指人或动物，high 常指物体He is tall. 26. fast, quicklyfast 侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly 侧重指某事完成或发生的快run fast, answer the question quickly 27. high, hig
9、hlyhigh 具体的高， highly 抽象的高，高度的think highly of( 高度赞扬 ) 28. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping 正在睡觉， asleep 睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的a sleeping baby， The baby is asleep. Im sleepy. 29. real, truereal 真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合real gold, a true story 30. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
10、pleasant 常用作定语， pleased 常用作表语， pleased 主语常为人， a pleasant trip ，be pleased with 对感到满意 /开心31. ill, sickill 做表语， sick 定语、表语均可a sick boy, He is sick/ill. 32. good, well good 形容词， well 副词，但指身体状况是形容词He is well again. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页33. hard, hardlyhard 努力， hardly 几
11、乎不work hard, I can hardly believe it. 34. excited, exciting excited 使人兴奋的， exciting令人兴奋的Im excited. The news is exciting. 35. before long, long before before long不久以后， long before很久以前36. happy, gladhappy 高兴， 幸福， 定表均可， glad 高兴， 只能做表语a happy girl, Im happy/ glad to see you. 37. instead, instead ofinst
12、ead 是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didnt see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 38. too much, much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词much too heavy 39. raise, riseraise 及物动词， rise 不及物动词The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please. 40. bring, take, carry,
13、fetchbring 拿来， take 带走， carry 随身携带， fetch 去回这一往返动作fetch a box of chalk 41. spend, take, pay, costspend 人做主语， 花钱，花时间 ; spendon sth./(in) doing sth; take物做主语， 花时间 ; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay人做主语， 花钱，pay for; cost物做主语， 花钱 ;sth cost some money 42. join, join in, take part injoin 加入某个组织，并成为其中
14、的一员;join in 参加小型的活动, join sb. in; take part in 参加大型的活动He joined the army five years ago. 43. learn, study精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页learn 学习，侧重学习的结果，study 学习，侧重学习的过程，研究study the problem 44. want, hope, wishwant 打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望 (通常可以实现)，hope to do
15、/ hope that wish希望 (通常不能实现)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success. 45. answer, replyanswer 及物动词， reply 不及物动词，后接to, reply to the letter 46. leave, leave forleave 离开， leave for 前往He left Beijing for Shanghai. 47. drop, falldrop 及物 不及物均可，fall 不及物动词Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voi
16、ce. 48. win, lose, beat win 后接 sth. ，反义词为lose, beat 后接 sb. win the game, beat them 49. live on, live bylive on 以为主食， live by 靠谋生live on fish/ live by fishing 50. catch a cold, have a cold catch a cold不能和表示 一段时间 的状语连用，而have a cold可以She has had a cold for a week. 51. change for, change intochange for调
17、换成， change into变成Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice. 52. go for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor去请医生， go to a doctor去看病53. arrive, get, reach arrive 不及物动词，后接in (大地点 )，at(小地点 )，get 不及物动词后接to，reach 及物动词arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
18、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页54. agree with, agree to,agree with 同意某人， agree to 同意某事，agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sth 55. receive, acceptreceive 收到某一东西， 但不一定接受， accept 接受I received a gift, but I didnt accept it. 56. wear, put on, dresswear 和 dress 表状态 ,wear 接衣服等 ,可用进行时， dress
19、 接人 ,be dressed in, put on表动作Its cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. 57. listen, hearlisten 强调动作， hear 强调结果I listened, but I heard nothing. 58. look, see, watchlook 看的动作， see 看的结果， watch 强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV 59. lie, lay lie 躺，位于 (lay, lain), 说谎 (lied, lied) ，lay 平放 (laid, laid) lay the book
20、60. turn, get, growturn 表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get 强调变的结果，grow 强调过程，逐渐的变化turn yellow, get tired, grow big 61. close, shut, turn offclose 和 shut 当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off 用于指有开关的物体Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV. 62. at, in ( 表地点 )at 小地点， in 大地点arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai 63. day after
21、day, day by day day after day日复一日 (无变化 );day by day一天天地 (有变化 )Trees grow taller day by day. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页64. after, in ( 表时间 )after 接时间点， in 接时间段 ,用于将来时after 7:00, in five minutes 65. between, amongbetween 两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among 三者或三者以上之间Switzerland lies b
22、etween France, Germany, Australia and Italy. 66. through, acrossthrough 穿越空间， across 在上穿过through the forest, across the desert 67. above, on, overabove 在上面，不接触，on 在上面，接触，over 在正上方fly over the hill 68. until, notuntiluntil 到为止，not until 直到 才(常跟点动词连用)I waited until 3:00. He didnt come until 3:00. 69.
23、besides, exceptbesides 除了 还(包括在内 )except 除了 (不包括在内 )，70. because, because ofbecause 连词，连接两句话，because of后接词或短语He didnt go to school because of his illness. 71. for example, such as for example一般只列举一个，such as 列举多个例子I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago. 72. All
24、 right. Thats all right. Thats right. All right 好吧 ;Thats all right.没关系 ;Thats right. 那是对的-Sorry. - Thats all right. 73. such that, sothat当如此 以至于解时，suchthat 修饰名词， sothat 修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用 sothat ，不用 such that so many people that such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页74. Shall I? Will you?Shall I? 征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能吗? Will you ? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意吗? Will you help me? Yes, I will. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页