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1、表示“需要”（v）的单词：need, require, involve ,entail表示“意味着”的单词：mean, involve, entail表示“宿舍”的单词：dormitory, quarters, lodgings表示“住宿”的单词：accommodations, (a)lodging表示“欺骗”（v）的单词：cheat, deceive, trick, fool表示“渴望”(v)的单词和词组：desire, yearn for/after, long for, thirst for，aspire to do sth, look forward to doing sth, kee
2、n on/about doing sth, keen to do sth, keen that, have an urge to do sth（具有做某事的强烈欲望，非常想做某事，形容极度渴望）表示“同情”(v)的词组：sympathize with, yearn for, feel sympathy for表示“重要的”的单词：important, crucial, vital, essential, integral, indispensable, significant表示“参加，从事”的词组：take part in, join(in),participate in, involve
3、sb in（主动, 其被动形式为sb be involved in）, sb be engaged in=sb be employed in表示“能力”的单词： ability和 capability（主要用于人）talent（只用于人）, competence, capacity(可用于人或物), faculty表示“想象”（v）的单词和词组：imagine, fancy, fantasy，envisage(英)=envision(美) conceive of表示“包含（v）”的单词和词组：include, involve, comprehend, inclusive of, embrace
4、, embody, comprise, contain（实际包含的量）,encompass表示“能容纳”的词组：can hold/accommodate表示“表现，体现”(v)的单词：render, reflect, display, indicate, manifest, embody表示“导致，引起(v)”的单词和词组：render, entail, lead to, result in, bring about, cause, trigger=prompt(诱发)，pose(本义为造成问题或危机)表示“强大的，强有力的”的单词和词组：powerful, mighty, potent, s
5、trong表示“（感觉等）敏锐的，灵敏的”的单词：keen, acute（首选这两个词）perceptive表示“提供”的单词和词组：provide/supply sb with sth=provide/supply sth for sb=render/offer sb sth, contribute sth to sth表示“忙于,埋头于”的单词和词组:be buried in, be employed in, be engaged in, sb be immersed in=immerse oneself in 表示“致力于”的词组：devote oneself to =dedicate
6、oneself to, sb be devoted to=sb be dedicated to表示“表现，体现”(v)的单词：render, reflect, manifest, characterize表示“显示，表明”(v)的单词：show, suggest, indicate, reflect, reveal,（首选这三个词）emerge表示“证明”(v)的单词：validate, demonstrate, verify, confirm，prove表示“证实(v)”的单词：affirm,confirm, prove表示“说明，阐释(v)”的单词：explain, illustrate,
7、 elaborate表示“持续不断的”的单词：continual,continuous, incessant表示“（计划，规定等）被实施，生效”的词组有come into effect/force, be implemented, be put into effect/execution, be carried into execution=be put in/into execution表示“意识到+从句”的词组：know+that从句 realize+that从句 be/become aware of the fact+ that从句 be conscious+that 从句表示“阻止，阻
8、碍”(v)的单词或词组：prevent/inhibit/hinder sb from doing sth, impede sb to do sth, hamper sb in doing sth表示“强烈的，剧烈的”的单词：severe, intense, violent, poignant, acute，keen表示“严重的”的单词：serious, severe, acute, grave表示“著名的，闻名的”的单词：famous(一般用于褒义)，eminent, distinguished,(well-)known(褒贬均可)，renowned, famed, conspicuous表示
9、“臭名昭著的”的单词：notorious, infamous表示“显著的，引人注目的”的单词：remarkable, conspicuous, significant（首选这三个词）distinguished, noticeable, outstanding, striking表示“枯燥乏味的，沉闷的”的单词：dull, boring, tedious, dreary, monotonous表示“有利于，有助于”的词组：contribute to=be good for=be beneficial/conducive to表示“限制”(n)的单词：bound, limit, limitatio
10、n, restriction, confine, constraint表示“限制”(v)的单词: limit, restrict, confine, constrain表示“易传染的，传染性的”的单词：contagious, infectious表示“（表意，言辞等）不明确的，模糊的，模棱两可的”的单词：ambiguous, implicit, vague, obscure, indefinite，unclear表示“区分A和B”的词组：distinguish A from/and B, discriminate/differentiate between A and B, discrimin
11、ate A from B，make a distinction between A and B 表示“赋予特征”的单词：distinguish, feature, characterize表示“象征（v）”的单词: symbolize, represent（有“表示”的意思）, embody（有“蕴含”的意思）表示“消化，吸收(v)”的单词：digest, absorb, assimilate表示“帮助”(v)的词组： assist sb in doing sth=help/assist sb to do sth表示“面对”的单词：face, confront(首选), envisage表示“
12、面对”的词组：face /confront/envisage sth= be faced/confronted with sth表示“圈，界”的单词：arena, sphere, circle, realm表示“法律，法规”的单词：regulation, law, legislation表示“调整，调节”(n)的单词：adjustment, regulation, conditioning, modulation表示“使某人自己适应某物/做某事”的词组： adjust/ adapt/accustom/condition oneself to sth/doing sth=adjust/adapt
13、 oneself to sth/doing sth (以上强调从不适应或习惯变为适应或习惯的过程) sb be used/accustomed to sth/doing sth.(强调状态) 表示“（在法律，道德等层面上）义务性的，强制性的，（课程等）必修的”的单词：obligatory, compulsory, mandatory表示“决定”的词组：be determined/resolved to do sth=determine/resolve to do sth,determine/resolve that= be determined/resolved that, decide to
14、 do sth, decide that表示“建议，主张”(v)的单词：suggest, recommend, advocate, propose, urge（极力主张）表示“主张(n)”的单词：advocacy, proposal, proposition表示“支持者，拥护者”的单词：supporter, proponent, advocate, protagonist表示“主要的”的单词：main, major, principal, primary表示“变化，改变”(v)的单词和词组：change, vary, alter, modify, transform, convert, tur
15、n, metamorphose, transmute, Change / convert/transform/ turn/alter A into B表示“变化，改变(n)”的单词：alteration, change, modification, conversion, metamorphosis（彻底改变），transmutation（转变为具有一种与原来完全不同的状态或形式的事物）transformation（变为与原事物完全不同的事物）表示“变更计划”时用alter/alteration, 表示“修订（书籍等）时”用revise/ revision（如the 5th editionco
16、mpletely revised!）表示“衣橱”的单词：closet, dresser, wardrobe表示“阻碍，阻止”(v) 的单词：prevent, impede, inhibit, hinder, obstruct, bar表示“微生物”的单词：microorganism, microbe表示“细菌”的单词：germ（病菌）, bacteria表示“修改”(v)的单词：modify, adapt, revise(修改文章, 修订书籍等) correct（改正/更正错误）, alter表示“忠诚的，真诚的，真挚的”的单词：loyal, faithful, sincere, devote
17、d，earnest表示“忠诚（n）”的单词：loyalty, devotion, sincerity, faithfulness, allegiance表示“选择”(n)的单词：choice, alternative, option表示“替代品”的单词：alternative, substitution, substitute表示“后面的”的单词：hinder, back, rear表示“养老院，敬老院”的单词和词组：gerocomium, geracomium(both are not available in paper dictionaries at present), old peop
18、les home, home for the elderly/aged, seniors home, nursing home表示“太平间”的单词和词组：morgue, mortuary, dead room表示“专门地，有针对性地”：specially（特地,专门地） specifically（首选）, exclusively（专门地，只限于）表示“不同，差异”的单词：difference, distinction, variation(change or slight difference)表示“爱好，喜好”的单词：hobby, fancy, preference表示“隔离”(v)的单词：
19、separate, isolate, insulate, segregate, quarantine表示“合理的”的单词：reasonable, satisfactory, decent (首选这三个词)，rational, logical表示“正直的”的单词：righteous, decent (首选这两个词), honest 表示“正直(n)”的单词：integrity, righteousness, (首选这两个词) honesty表示“vtvi 注册，登记”的单词：register, enroll(=enrol)表示“鼓舞(n)”的单词：encouragement, incentive
20、, stimulation表示“刺激，激励(n)”的单词：incentive, stimulation, stimulus表示“符号,标志”的单词：symbol, icon, mark, sign, notation表示“目标”的单词：object, objective, aim, goal 表示“目的”的单词：object, objective, aim, purpose表示“A在B之前”的词组：A be prior/preliminary to B, A be before B, A precedes B 表示“完整的，完全的”的单词：intact, complete, prefect表示
21、“渺小的，微不足道的”的单词:tiny, negligible, insignificant(g不发音),minute表示“深入的，彻底的”的单词：in-depth, thorough, intensive, exhaustive表示“详尽的”的单词或词组：elaborate, at large, in (minute)detail, detailed, comprehensive, minute, exhaustive（极其详尽的，详尽无遗的）表示“过时的”的单词：outdated, outmoded, obsolete, old-fashioned表示“A与B有关”的词组：A be rel
22、ated/relevant to B, A concerns B,A relates/pertains to B表示“A 与B一致/相符”的词组：A be in accord/accordance/agreement with B, A be corresponding to, A corresponds to B, A be in correspondence to B表示“影响（n&v）”的单词：affect(过程，vt, -), effect(结果，n,+-均可), influence(n&vt, +-均可)，impact(结果，u&vt, +-均可)( +-分别表示“积极的”和“消极的
23、”)表示“足够的”的单词：adequate, ample, sufficient, enough表示“同情（n）”的单词：sympathy, compassion（比pity更正式）, pity表示“冷淡的，冷漠的”的单词：indifferent, apathetic, dispassionate表示“激怒(v)”的单词：anger, annoy（惹恼）, irritate, aggravate, infuriate（使狂怒）表示“(使)恶化 (v)”的单词和词组：get/become worse, worsen, aggravate(vt), deteriorate(vi)表示“惩罚(v)”
24、的单词: punish, penalize表示“惩罚(n)”的单词: punishment, penalty表示“忏悔(v)”的单词：repent, confess表示“忏悔(n)”的单词: penitence, repentance, confession表示“倾向于（做），容易（做）”的词组：be prone/inclined(均为adj) to (do) sth, tend(vi) to do sth表示“易受影响的”：be susceptible/vulnerable to (doing) sth表示“易受的伤害的，易患疾病的”：be susceptible/vulnerable to
25、 (do) sth, be prone to (do) sth表示“（证据）确凿的”的单词：conclusive(absolutely true), concrete(definite and specific),Solid(reliable and based on facts)表示“保证，担保(v)”的单词：assure, ensure, guarantee表示“节奏，步调”的单词：rhythm, pace, tempo表示“观念，意识”的单词：conception, awareness（偏重“意识”）【表示“观念”用conception，表示“意识”用conception或awarene
26、ss均可】表示“认识(n)”的单词：conception，perception，understanding, view表示“理解，看法(n)”的单词：understanding(偏重“理解，认识”(n), perception, perspective, view, notion表示“洞察力”的单词：insight, perspective, perception（均不可数）表示“提升，加强(vt)”的单词：improve, enhance, increase, heighten, raise如：improve/enhance/increase /heighten /raise awarene
27、ss表示“敏锐的”的单词：acute, keen ,perceptive表示“视野（n）”的单词：vision, horizon, perspective(本义为“视角, 角度”=point of view)view表示“拓宽，扩大(v)”的单词：expand, broaden, widen, enlarge表示“促使（v）”的动词：prompt, drive(多用于不好的情况), induce表示“例如”的词组（用于句首）：For example/instance, To illustrate=To be specific表示“风景名胜”的词组：place of interest, tour
28、ist destination/attraction, scenic spot/attraction表示“拓展视野”的词组：broaden/widen/expand/enlarge ones vision/horizon/perspective表示“发出信号”的词组：send (out) a signal, emit a signal表示“散发气味”的词组：give off/ release/ emit a specific kind of smell表示“散发光或热”的词组：radiate/ emit/ give off/ send out light/ heat表示“释放（排放）气体”的词组：release/ emit/ give off gases表示“发出警报声”的词组：emit/ send out/ produce an alarming sound表示“增强某物的强度,加剧”的单词：intensify(vi&vt) (好坏均可) ,amplify(vt)(好坏均可)，escalate(vi&vt, 坏), deteriorate(vi, 坏), aggravate(vt, 坏)