常用计算机词汇英文缩写.doc

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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流常用计算机词汇英文缩写【精品文档】第 16 页常用计算机词汇缩写1、CPU3DNow!(3Dnowaiting)ALU(ArithmeticLogicUnit,算术逻辑单元)AGU(AddressGenerationUnits,地址产成单元)BGA(BallGridArray,球状矩阵排列)BHT(branchpredictiontable,分支预测表)BPU(BranchProcessingUnit,分支处理单元)BrachPediction(分支预测)CMOS:(ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor,互补金属氧化物

2、半导体)CISC(ComplexInstructionSetComputing,复杂指令集计算机)CLK(ClockCycle,时钟周期)COB(Cacheonboard,板上集成缓存)COD(CacheonDie,芯片内集成缓存)CPGA(CeramicPinGridArray,陶瓷针型栅格阵列)CPU(CenterProcessingUnit,中央处理器)DataForwarding(数据前送)Decode(指令解码)DIB(DualIndependentBus,双独立总线)EC(EmbeddedController,嵌入式控制器)EmbeddedChips(嵌入式)EPIC(explic

3、itlyparallelinstructioncode,并行指令代码)FADD(FloationgPointAddition,浮点加)FCPGA(FlipChipPinGridArray,反转芯片针脚栅格阵列)FDIV(FloationgPointDivide,浮点除)FEMMS:(FastEntry/ExitMultimediaState,快速进入/退出多媒体状态)FFT(fastFouriertransform,快速热欧姆转换)FID(FID:Frequencyidentify,频率鉴别号码)FIFO(FirstInputFirstOutput,先入先出队列)flip-chip(芯片反转)

4、FLOP(FloatingPointOperationsPerSecond,浮点操作/秒)FMUL(FloationgPointMultiplication,浮点乘)FPU(FloatPointUnit,浮点运算单元)FSUB(FloationgPointSubtraction,浮点减)GVPP(GenericVisualPerceptionProcessor,常规视觉处理器)HL-PBGA:表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装IA(IntelArchitecture,英特尔架构)ICU(InstructionControlUnit,指令控制单元)ID:(identify,鉴别号码)IDF

5、(IntelDeveloperForum,英特尔开发者论坛)IEU(IntegerExecutionUnits,整数执行单元)IMM:(IntelMobileModule,英特尔移动模块)InstructionsCache,指令缓存InstructionColoring(指令分类)IPC(InstructionsPerClockCycle,指令/时钟周期)ISA(instructionsetarchitecture,指令集架构)KNI(KatmaiNewInstructions,Katmai新指令集,即SSE)Latency(潜伏期)LDT(LightningDataTransport,闪电数

6、据传输总线)LocalInterconnect(局域互连)MESI(Modified,Exclusive,Shared,Invalid:修改、排除、共享、废弃)MMX(MultiMediaExtensions,多媒体扩展指令集)MMU(MultimediaUnit,多媒体单元)MFLOPS(MillionFloationgPoint/Second,每秒百万个浮点操作)MHz(MillionHertz,兆赫兹)MP(Multi-Processing,多重处理器架构)MPS(MultiProcessorSpecification,多重处理器规范)MSRs(Model-SpecificRegiste

7、rs,特别模块寄存器)NAOC(no-accountOverClock,无效超频)NI:(NonIntel,非英特尔)OLGA(OrganicLandGridArray,基板栅格阵列)OoO(Outoforder,乱序执行)PGA:Pin-GridArray(引脚网格阵列),耗电大Post-RISCPR(PerformanceRate,性能比率)PSN(ProcessorSerialnumbers,处理器序列号)PIB(ProcessorInaBox,盒装处理器)PPGA(PlasticPinGridArray,塑胶针状矩阵封装)PQFP(PlasticQuadFlatPackage,塑料方块

8、平面封装)RAW(ReadafterWrite,写后读)RegisterContention(抢占寄存器)RegisterPressure(寄存器不足)RegisterRenaming(寄存器重命名)Remark(芯片频率重标识)Resourcecontention(资源冲突)Retirement(指令引退)RISC(ReducedInstructionSetComputing,精简指令集计算机)SEC:(SingleEdgeConnector,单边连接器)Shallow-trenchisolation(浅槽隔离)SIMD(SingleInstructionMultipleData,单指令多数

9、据流)SiO2F(FluoridedSiliconOxide,二氧氟化硅)SMI(SystemManagementInterrupt,系统管理中断)SMM(SystemManagementMode,系统管理模式)SMP(SymmetricMulti-Processing,对称式多重处理架构)SOI:(Silicon-on-insulator,绝缘体硅片)SONC(Systemonachip,系统集成芯片)SPEC(SystemPerformanceEvaluationCorporation,系统性能评估测试)SQRT(SquareRootCalculations,平方根计算)SSE(Strea

10、mingSIMDExtensions,单一指令多数据流扩展)Superscalar(超标量体系结构)TCP:TapeCarrierPackage(薄膜封装),发热小Throughput(吞吐量)TLB(TranslateLooksideBuffers,翻译旁视缓冲器)USWC(UncacheabledSpeculativeWriteCombination,无缓冲随机联合写操作)VALU(VectorArithmeticLogicUnit,向量算术逻辑单元)VLIW(VeryLongInstructionWord,超长指令字)VPU(VectorPermutateUnit,向量排列单元)VPU(

11、vectorprocessingunits,向量处理单元,即处理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方)2、主板ADIMM(advancedDualIn-lineMemoryModules,高级双重内嵌式内存模块)AMR(AudioModemRiser;音效调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡)AHA(AcceleratedHubArchitecture,加速中心架构)ASKIR(AmplitudeShiftKeyedInfra-Red,长波形可移动输入红外线)ATX:ATExtend(扩展型AT)BIOS(BasicInput/OutputSystem,基本输入/输出系统)CSE(Configurati

12、onSpaceEnable,可分配空间)DB:(DeviceBay,设备插架)DMI(DesktopManagementInterface,桌面管理接口)EB(ExpansionBus,扩展总线)EISA(EnhancedIndustryStandardArchitecture,增强形工业标准架构)EMI(ElectromagneticInterference,电磁干扰)ESCD(ExtendedSystemConfigurationData,可扩展系统配置数据)FBC(FrameBufferCache,帧缓冲缓存)FireWire(火线,即IEEE1394标准)FSB:(FrontSideB

13、us,前置总线,即外部总线)FWH(FirmwareHub,固件中心)GMCH(Graphics&MemoryControllerHub,图形和内存控制中心)GPIs(GeneralPurposeInputs,普通操作输入)ICH(Input/OutputControllerHub,输入/输出控制中心)IR(infraredray,红外线)IrDA(infraredray,红外线通信接口可进行局域网存取和文件共享)ISA:(IndustryStandardArchitecture,工业标准架构)ISA(instructionsetarchitecture,工业设置架构)MDC(MobileDa

14、ughterCard,移动式子卡)MRH-R(MemoryRepeaterHub,内存数据处理中心)MRH-S(SDRAMRepeaterHub,SDRAM数据处理中心)MTH(MemoryTransferHub,内存转换中心)NGIO(NextGenerationInput/Output,新一代输入/输出标准)P64H(64-bitPCIControllerHub,64位PCI控制中心)PCB(printedcircuitboard,印刷电路板)PCBA(PrintedCircuitBoardAssembly,印刷电路板装配)PCI:(PeripheralComponentInterconn

15、ect,互连外围设备)PCISIG(PeripheralComponentInterconnectSpecialInterestGroup,互连外围设备专业组)POST(PowerOnSelfTest,加电自测试)RNG(RandomnumberGenerator,随机数字发生器)RTC:(RealTimeClock实时时钟)KBC(KeyBroadControl,键盘控制器)SAP(SidebandAddressPort,边带寻址端口)SBA(SideBandAddressing,边带寻址)SMA:(ShareMemoryArchitecture,共享内存结构)STD(SuspendToDi

16、sk,磁盘唤醒)STR(SuspendToRAM,内存唤醒)SVR:(SwitchingVoltageRegulator交换式电压调节)USB(UniversalSerialBus,通用串行总线)USDM(UnifiedSystemDiagnosticManager,统一系统监测管理器)VID(VoltageIdentificationDefinition,电压识别认证)VRM(VoltageRegulatorModule,电压调整模块)ZIF:(ZeroInsertionForce,零插力)主板技术GigabyteACOPS:(AutomaticCPUOverHeatPreventionSy

17、stemCPU过热预防系统)SIV:(SystemInformationViewer系统信息观察)磐英ESDJ(EasySettingDualJumper,简化CPU双重跳线法)浩鑫UPT(USB、PANEL、LINK、TV-OUT四重接口)芯片组ACPI(AdvancedConfigurationandPowerInterface,先进设置和电源管理)AGP(AcceleratedGraphicsPort,图形加速接口)I/O(Input/Output,输入/输出)MIOC:(MemoryandI/OBridgeController,内存和I/O桥控制器)NBC:(NorthBridgeCh

18、ip北桥芯片)PIIX:(PCIISA/IDEAccelerator加速器)PSE36:(PageSizeExtension36bit,36位页面尺寸扩展模式)PXB:(PCIExpanderBridge,PCI增强桥)RCG:(RAS/CASGenerator,RAS/CAS发生器)SBC:(SouthBridgeChip南桥芯片)SMB:(SystemManagementBus全系统管理总线)SPD(SerialPresenceDetect,内存内部序号检测装置)SSB:(SuperSouthBridge,超级南桥芯片)TDP:(TritonDataPath数据路径)TSC:(Triton

19、SystemController系统控制器)QPA:(QuadPortAcceleration四接口加速)3、显示设备ASIC:(ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit特殊应用积体电路)ASC(Auto-SizingandCentering,自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置)ASC(AntiStaticCoatings,防静电涂层)AGAS(AntiGlareAntiStaticCoatings,防强光、防静电涂层)BLA:(BearnLandingArea电子束落区)BMC(BlackMatrixScreen,超黑矩阵屏幕)CRC:(CyclicalRedunda

20、ncyCheck循环冗余检查)CRT(CathodeRayTube,阴极射线管)DDC:(DisplayDataChannel,显示数据通道)DEC(DirectEtchingCoatings,表面蚀刻涂层)DFL(DynamicFocusLens,动态聚焦)DFS(DigitalFlexScan,数字伸缩扫描)DIC:(DigitalImageControl数字图像控制)DigitalMultiscanII(数字式智能多频追踪)DLP(digitalLightProcessing,数字光处理)DOSD:(DigitalOnScreenDisplay同屏数字化显示)DPMS(DisplayPo

21、werManagementSignalling,显示能源管理信号)DotPitch(点距)DQL(DynamicQuadrapoleLens,动态四极镜)DSP(DigitalSignalProcessing,数字信号处理)EFEAL(ExtendedFieldEllipticalApertureLens,可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头)FRC:(FrameRateControl帧比率控制)HVD(HighVoltageDifferential,高分差动)LCD(liquidcrystaldisplay,液晶显示屏)LCOS:(LiquidCrystalOnSilicon硅上液晶)LED(lightem

22、ittingdiode,光学二级管)L-SAGIC(LowPower-SmallApertureG1wihtImpregnatedCathode,低电压光圈阴极管)LVD(LowVoltageDifferential,低分差动)LVDS:(LowVoltageDifferentialSignal低电压差动信号)MALS(MultiAstigmatismLensSystem,多重散光聚焦系统)MDA(MonochromeAdapter,单色设备)MS:(MagneticSensors磁场感应器)PorousTungsten(活性钨)RSDS:(ReducedSwingDifferentialSi

23、gnal小幅度摆动差动信号)SC(ScreenCoatings,屏幕涂层)SingleEnded(单终结)ShadowMask(阴罩式)TDT(TimeingDetectionTable,数据测定表)TICRG:(TungstenImpregnatedCathodeRayGun钨传输阴级射线枪)TFT(thinfilmtransistor,薄膜晶体管)UCC(UltraClearCoatings,超清晰涂层)VAGP:(VariableAperatureGrillePitch可变间距光栅)VBI:(VerticalBlankingInterval垂直空白间隙)VDT(VideoDisplayT

24、erminals,视频显示终端)VRR:(VerticalRefreshRate垂直扫描频率)4、视频3D:(ThreeDimensional,三维)3DS(3DSubSystem,三维子系统)AE(AtmosphericEffects,雾化效果)AFR(AlternateFrameRendering,交替渲染技术)AnisotropicFiltering(各向异性过滤)APPE(AdvancedPacketParsingEngine,增强形帧解析引擎)AV(AnalogVideo,模拟视频)BackBuffer,后置缓冲Backfaceculling(隐面消除)BattleforEyebal

25、ls(眼球大战,各3D图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争)BilinearFiltering(双线性过滤)CEM(cubeenvironmentmapping,立方环境映射)CG(ComputerGraphics,计算机生成图像)Clipping(剪贴纹理)ClockSynthesizer,时钟合成器compressedtextures(压缩纹理)ConcurrentCommandEngine,协作命令引擎CenterProcessingUnitUtilization,中央处理器占用率DAC(DigitaltoAnalogConverter,数模传换器)Decal(印花法,用于生成一些半透明效

26、果,如:鲜血飞溅的场面)DFP(DigitalFlatPanel,数字式平面显示器)DFS:(DynamicFlatShading动态平面描影,可用作加速Dithering抖动)DirectionalLight,方向性光源DME:(DirectMemoryExecute直接内存执行)DOF(DepthofField,多重境深)dottextureblending(点型纹理混和)DoubleBuffering(双缓冲区)DIR(DirectRenderingInfrastructure,基层直接渲染)DVI(DigitalVideoInterface,数字视频接口)DxR:(DynamicXTe

27、ndedResolution动态可扩展分辨率)DXTC(DirectXTextureCompress,DirectX纹理压缩,以S3TC为基础)DynamicZ-buffering(动态Z轴缓冲区),显示物体远近,可用作远景E-DDC(EnhancedDisplayDataChannel,增强形视频数据通道协议,定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道,能提高显示输出的画面质量)EdgeAntialiasing,边缘抗锯齿失真E-EDID(EnhancedExtendedIdentificationData,增强形扩充身份辨识数据,定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式)ExecuteBuffers,

28、执行缓冲区environmentmappedbumpmapping(环境凹凸映射)ExtendedBurstTransactions,增强式突发处理FrontBuffer,前置缓冲Flat(平面描影)FramesrateisKing(帧数为王)FSAA(FullSceneAntialiasing,全景抗锯齿)Fog(雾化效果)flipdoublebuffered(反转双缓存)fogtablequality(雾化表画质)GART(GraphicAddressRemappngTable,图形地址重绘表)GouraudShading,高洛德描影,也称为内插法均匀涂色GPU(GraphicsProce

29、ssingUnit,图形处理器)GTF(GeneralizedTimingFormula,一般程序时间,定义了产生画面所需要的时间,包括了诸如画面刷新率等)HAL(HardwareAbstractionLayer,硬件抽像化层)hardwaremotioncompensation(硬件运动补偿)HDTV(highdefinitiontelevision,高清晰度电视)HEL:HardwareEmulationLayer(硬件模拟层)hightrianglecount(复杂三角形计数)ICD(InstallableClientDriver,可安装客户端驱动程序)IDCT(InverseDiscr

30、eteCosineTransform,非连续反余弦变换,GeForce的DVD硬件强化技术)ImmediateMode,直接模式IPPR:(ImageProcessingandPatternRecognition图像处理和模式识别)largetextures(大型纹理)LF(LinearFiltering,线性过滤,即双线性过滤)lighting(光源)lightmap(光线映射)LocalPeripheralBus(局域边缘总线)mipmapping(MIP映射)Modulate(调制混合)MotionCompensation,动态补偿motionblur(模糊移动)MPPS:(Millio

31、nPixelsPerSecond,百万个像素/秒)Multi-ResolutionMesh,多重分辨率组合MultiThreadedBusMaster,多重主控Multitexture(多重纹理)nerestMipmap(邻近MIP映射,又叫点采样技术)Overdraw(透支,全景渲染造成的浪费)partialtexturedownloads(并行纹理传输)ParallelProcessingPerspectiveEngine(平行透视处理器)PC(PerspectiveCorrection,透视纠正)PGC(ParallelGraphicsConfiguration,并行图像设置)pixel

32、(Pictureelement,图像元素,又称P像素,屏幕上的像素点)pointlight(一般点光源)pointsampling(点采样技术,又叫邻近MIP映射)PrecisePixelInterpolation,精确像素插值Proceduraltextures(可编程纹理)RAMDAC(RandomAccessMemoryDigitaltoAnalogConverter,随机存储器数/模转换器)Reflectionmapping(反射贴图)ender(着色或渲染)S端子(Seperate)S3(Sight、Sound、Speed,视频、音频、速度)S3TC(S3TextureCompres

33、s,S3纹理压缩,仅支持S3显卡)S3TL(S3Transformation&Lighting,S3多边形转换和光源处理)ScreenBuffer(屏幕缓冲)SDTV(StandardDefinitionTelevision,标准清晰度电视)SEM(sphericalenvironmentmapping,球形环境映射)Shading,描影SinglePassMulti-Texturing,单通道多纹理SLI(ScanlineInterleave,扫描线间插,3Dfx的双Voodoo2配合技术)SmartFilter(智能过滤)softshadows(柔和阴影)softreflections(柔

34、和反射)spotlight(小型点光源)SRA(SymmetricRenderingArchitecture,对称渲染架构)StencilBuffers(模板缓冲)StreamProcessor(流线处理)SuperScalerRendering,超标量渲染TBFB(TileBasedFrameBuffer,碎片纹理帧缓存)texel(T像素,纹理上的像素点)TextureFidelity(纹理真实性)textureswapping(纹理交换)T&L(TransformandLighting,多边形转换与光源处理)T-Buffer(T缓冲,3dfxVoodoo4的特效,包括全景反锯齿Full-

35、sceneAnti-Aliasing、动态模糊MotionBlur、焦点模糊DepthofFieldBlur、柔和阴影SoftShadows、柔和反射SoftReflections)TCA(TwinCacheArchitecture,双缓存结构)Transparency(透明状效果)Transformation(三角形转换)TrilinearFiltering(三线性过滤)TextureModes,材质模式TMIPM:(TrilinearMIPMapping三次线性MIP材质贴图)UMA(UnifiedMemoryArchitecture,统一内存架构)VisualizeGeometryEng

36、ine,可视化几何引擎VertexLighting(顶点光源)VerticalInterpolation(垂直调变)VIP(VideoInterfacePort,视频接口)ViRGE:(VideoandRenderingGraphicsEngine视频描写图形引擎)Voxel(Volumepixels,立体像素,Novalogic的技术)VQTC(Vector-QuantizationTextureCompression,向量纹理压缩)VSIS(VideoSignalStandard,视频信号标准)v-sync(同步刷新)ZBuffer(Z缓存)5、音频3DPA(3DPositionalAud

37、io,3D定位音频)AC(AudioCodec,音频多媒体数字信号编解码器)AuxiliaryInput(辅助输入接口)CS(ChannelSeparation,声道分离)DS3D(DirectSound3DStreams)DSD(DirectStreamDigital,直接数字信号流)DSL(DownLoadableSample,可下载的取样音色)DLS-2(DownloadableSoundsLevel2,第二代可下载音色)EAX(EnvironmentalAudioExtensions,环境音效扩展技术)ExtendedStereo(扩展式立体声)FM(FrequencyModulati

38、on,频率调制)FIR(finiteimpulseresponse,有限推进响应)FR(FrequenceResponse,频率响应)FSE(FrequencyShifterEffect,频率转换效果)HRTF(HeadRelatedTransferFunction,头部关联传输功能)IID(InterauralIntensityDifference,两侧声音强度差别)IIR(infiniteimpulseresponse,无限推进响应)InteractiveAround-Sound(交互式环绕声)Interactive3DAudio(交互式3D音效)ITD(InterauralTimeDif

39、ference,两侧声音时间延迟差别)MIDI:(MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface乐器数字接口)NDA:(non-DWORD-aligned,非DWORD排列)RawPCM:(RawPulseCodeModulated元脉码调制)RMA:(RealMediaArchitecture实媒体架构)RTSP:(RealTimeStreamingProtocol实时流协议)SACD(SuperAudioCD,超级音乐CD)SNR(SignaltoNoiseRatio,信噪比)S/PDIF(Sony/PhillipsDigitalInterface,索尼/飞利普数字接口

40、)SRS:(SoundRetrievalSystem声音修复系统)SurroundSound(环绕立体声)SuperIntelligentSoundASIC(超级智能音频集成电路)THD+N(TotalHarmonicDistortionplusNoise,总谐波失真加噪音)QEM(QsoundEnvironmentalModeling,Qsound环境建模扬声器组)WG(WaveGuide,波导合成)WT(WaveTable,波表合成)6、RAM&ROMABP:(AddressBitPermuting,地址位序列改变)ATC(AccessTimefromClock,时钟存取时间)BSRAM(

41、BurstpipelinedsynchronousstaticRAM,突发式管道同步静态存储器)CAS(ColumnAddressStrobe,列地址控制器)CCT(ClockCycleTime,时钟周期)DB:(DeepBuffer深度缓冲)DDRSDRAM(DoubleDateRate,双数据率SDRAM)DIL(dual-in-line)DIMM(DualIn-lineMemoryModules,双重内嵌式内存模块)DRAM(DynamicRandomAccessMemory,动态随机存储器)DRDRAM(DirectRAMbusDRAM,直接RAMbus内存)ECC(ErrorChec

42、kingandCorrection,错误检查修正)EEPROM(ElectricallyErasableProgrammableROM,电擦写可编程只读存储器)FM:(FlashMemory快闪存储器)FMDROM(FluorescentMaterialReadOnlyMemory,荧光质只读存储器)PIROM:(ProcessorInformationROM,处理器信息ROM)PLEDM:Phase-stateLowElectron(hole)-numberDriveMemoryQBM(QuadBandMemory,四倍边带内存)RAC(RambusAsicCell,Rambus集成电路单元

43、)RAS(RowAddressStrobe,行地址控制器)RDRAM(RambusDirectRAM,直接型RambusRAM)RIMM(RAMBUSIn-lineMemoryModules,RAMBUS内嵌式内存模块)SDRSDRAM(SingleDateRate,单数据率SDRAM)SGRAM(synchronousgraphicsRAM,同步图形随机储存器)SO-DIMM(SmallOutlineDualIn-lineMemoryModules,小型双重内嵌式内存模块)SPD(SerialPresenceDetect,串行存在检查)SRAM(StaticRandomAccessMemor

44、y,静态随机存储器)SSTL-2(StubSeriesTerminatedLogic-2)TSOPs(thinsmalloutlinepackages,超小型封装)USWV(Uncacheable,Speculative,Write-Combining非缓冲随机混合写入)VCMA(VirtualChannelMemoryarchitecture,虚拟通道内存结构)7、磁盘AAT(Averageaccesstime,平均存取时间)ABS(AutoBalanceSystem,自动平衡系统)ASMO(AdvancedStorageMagneto-Optical,增强形光学存储器)AST(AverageSeektime,平均寻道时间)ATA(ATAttachment,AT扩展型)ATOMM(AdvancedsuperThin

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