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1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxxso that既可引导目的状语从句也可引导结果状语从句【精品文档】so that既可引导目的状语从句也可引导结果状语从句。我们可以从语意关系上和结构形式上对目的状语从句与结果状语从句进行分辨。 1.目的是以观念形态存在的潜在的可能性和意欲,不是事实。这一潜在的可能性或意欲的实现,则是结果。目的是主观意念,结果是客观现实。因此,从句若是反映一种意欲、一种可能性,则是目的状语从句;若是一种事实,就是结果状语从句。试比较: Im going to take an early bus so that Ill get there in time我打算乘早班公共汽车,以便及时赶
2、到那里。(目的状语从句)I took an early bus so that I got there in timeI had taken an early bus so that I got there in time我乘了早班公共汽车,及时到了那里。(结果状语从句) 2.目的状语从句表示动机(即一种可能性),并非事实,只是想要达到某个结果的意愿,因而从句中多用假定性的谓语动词。常有can,may,will,could, might, would, should等情态动词。情态动词本身并无词汇意义,只是一种虚拟用法。结果状语从句表示客观事实,所以用陈述语气的谓语动词,从句中常无情态动词。试
3、比较: I always write so carefully that I may make my meaning clear.我写起来总是字斟句酌,为了让人看懂我的意思。(目的状语从句)I always write so carefully that I make my meaning clear.我写起,来总是字斟句酌,结果把意思讲得一清二楚。(结果状语从句) 值得一提的是,从句中如果用情态动词could,有时会使得目的和结果的界限模糊。比如下面这个句子既可表示结果也可表示目的:He spoke loudly so that everybody could hear him(结果、目的)
4、 有时,即使从句中用了can,could,should等,它仍是一个结果状语从句。如:The room was packed with people,so that we couldnt get in房间里挤满了人,我们进不去。What have I done that you should be so angry with me?我干了些什么使你对我如此恼火?you + should 表“竟然”的意思。 3.目的状语从句与主句的关系紧密,在讲话时一气呵成,而结果状语从句则是句子的外在因素,讲话时往往在主句和从句之间须略加停顿,书写时一般用逗号断开。试比较: We all arrived at
5、 eight,so that the meeting began immediately.我们都是八点到达的,结果会议马上就开始了。(结果状语从句)Well come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.我们要八点来,以便会议能早点开始。(目的状语从句) 4.目的状语从句可以移至句首,从而达到进一步强调目的意义;而结果状语从句不可以,只能置于主句之后。这表明目的从句在句中的位置比较自由,结果状语从句在句中位置一般比较固定。如:。So that everyone could hear,they used a microphone(= They
6、 used a microphone so that everyone could hear)为了使人人都能听到,他们使用了扩音器。I was so tired that I could hardly stand我太累了,几乎站不起来。(不能说:So that I could hardly stand, I was tired。)So that we shouldmight see the sunrise, we started for the peak early(= We started for the peak early so that we shouldmight see the s
7、unrise)为了看日出,我们一早就出发到山顶去。 5.目的状语从句是句子不可分割的一部分,是句子的内在修饰语(adjunct),dkt结果状语从句并非句子的有机组成部分,是句子的外围修饰语(disjunction)disdkn。因此,前者可以成为分裂句的强调中心,而后者却不可以。如:It is so that his students can understand well that the teacher speaks clearly正是为了使学生很好理解,教师才讲得清清楚楚。不能说: Its so that he cant sleep at night that he worries about his sons health只能说: He worries about his sons health so that he cant sleep at night正是因为他担心他儿子的身体,所以他晚上睡不着。【精品文档】