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1、精品文档,仅供学习与交流,如有侵权请联系网站删除英语近义词辨析大全compete、contest和match三个字都作竞争和比赛解,其间有什么差别呢?put forward v. 提出;拿出;放出;推举出 put in 提出,提交;放入;种植;使就职 put on 穿上;上演;增加;假装;使上场 put into 使进入;把.放进;在上种植 put up 提供;建造;举起;推举,提名;供给住宿 put together .放在一起;组合;装配 put out 熄灭;伸出;出版;使不方便,打扰 put it on 夸张;要高价;俚装腔作势 put forth 提出;发表;启航;(植物等)长出;放
2、出 put for 以为目标前进 put down 镇压;记下;贬低;制止 put off 推迟;扔掉;阻止 put into practice 实行,实施;落实 put into operation 使生效;使运转,使开动 put into production 把投入生产 put into use 使用,应用;投入使用 put away 放好;抛弃;储存 put up with v. 忍受;容忍 put emphasis on 重视,强调;把重点放在 put in place 到位;落实到位;正在实施 cut off 切断;中断;使死亡;剥夺继承权 cut down v. 削减;砍倒;杀死
3、;删节;胜过 cut in 插嘴;超车;插入 cut into v. 打断;侵犯 cut out 切断;删去;停止;关掉 cut back 削减;修剪;(美)倒叙;球急忙返回 cut short v. 缩短;打断;缩减 cut from 从上切下 cut through 刺穿;抄近路走过 cut down on 削减,减少 cut up vt. 切碎;抨击 cut back on 削减,缩减;减低 cut on v. 很快向前走;赶路 short cut 短路,捷径;快捷方式 cut away 切掉,砍掉 tax cut 减税 power cut 供电中断,停电 cut across 抄近路通
4、过;径直穿过;打断 cut flower n. 切花,鲜切花;插瓶花 cut out for 适合于,准备;与相配合 get there 到达那里;取得成功,实现目标 get used to 习惯于 get rid 摆脱;排除;处理掉 get up 起床,筹备;打扮 get out 离开,出去;泄露;出版 get in 进入;到达;陷入;收获 get into 进入;陷入;穿上;习惯于 get back 回来;恢复;取回;重新上台 get on 上车,上马;进展,使前进 get out of 逃避;避免 get married 结婚 get off v. 动身;免于受罚;从下来;脱下(衣服等)
5、 get better 变得更好;康复 get to know 了解;认识 get through 通过;到达;做完;接通电话 get hold of 把握;抓住;得到 get away 离开;逃脱;出发 get from 从处得到1. turn about 转身,向后转The colonel ordered the troops to turn about. 上校命令部队向后转。2. turn against 转而反对,与反目They tried to turn the students against their teachers. 他们设法让学生起来反对老师。3. turn (a)rou
6、nd (1)转身,调头 (2)转向另一面,使好转I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. 我觉得有人扯我的袖子,便转过身来。Turn your chair round to the fire. 把你的椅子转向炉火一边。5. turn away (1)转过身去(2)拒绝进入She turned away and began to cry. 她把脸转过去哭了起来。Reporters who visited the training ground were turned away. 前来训练基地采访的记者们被拒之门外。5. turn back 返回,拔
7、回We have got to turn back. 我们得往回走了。6. turn down (1)关小(音量等)(2)拒绝That radio is pretty loud. Can you turn it down a little? 收音机声音太响,你能开小点吗?The company turned down his proposal. 公司拒绝了他的建议。7. turn in (1)交上去(2)(向警方)告发(3)上床睡觉He turned in two essays every week. 他每星期交两篇论文。He threatened to turn her in. 他威胁说要向
8、警方告发她。We turn in at nine and get up at six. 我们9点钟上床睡觉,6点钟起床。8. turn into (1)(使)成为(2)翻译The whole thing turned into a bitter quarrel. 整件事酿成了激烈的争吵。Can you turn the letter into French? 你能将此信译成法语吗?9. turn off (1)关掉(电器、水龙头等)(2)使厌烦I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep. 我把书放在一边,关了灯睡觉。
9、This sort of talk could turn a lot of voters off. 这样的讲话会使许多投票者感到厌烦。10. turn on (1)打开(电器、煤气等)(2)(突然)攻击Could you turn on the bath for me while youre upstairs? 你在楼上替我打开浴缸的水龙头行吗?The dog suddenly turned on me. 那狗突然向我扑过来。11. turn out (1)结果是,证明是(2)到场,出席(3)出来(4)制造,培养 (5)关(灯等)The examination turned out quite
10、 easy. 结果考试相当容易。A vast crowd turned out to watch the match. 大群的观众到场观看比赛。The city turned out to welcome back its victorious team. 全市居民倾城而出迎接凯旋的球队。This factory turns out bicycles. 这家工厂生产自行车。Remember to turn out the lights before you go to bed. 临睡前别忘了关灯。12. turn out (of) 把撵出去She got pregnant and was tu
11、rned out of the house by her parents. 她怀孕了,父母把她赶出了家门。13. turn over (1)翻身,翻转(2)把移交(3)换频道(4)营业额达A big wave turn over the fishing boat. 巨浪打翻了渔船。He turned over the business to his son. 他把生意交给了他的儿子。Lets turn overthis is really boring. 换台吧,这个频道太无聊了。The company turns over 150 million a year. 该公司每年的营业额达1.5亿
12、英镑。14. turn to (1)翻到(2)转向(3)变成(4)求助于,求教于Please turn to page 105. 请翻到105页。So for years men have turned to the sea to earn their living. 因此多年以来人们转向海洋谋生。The compacted snow on the pavement turned to ice. 人行道上被踩实的雪已变成了冰。Whenever she was in trouble she turned to him for help. 遇到困难时,她就找他帮忙。15. turn up (1)出
13、现,到场,出席(2)调大(音量等)He turned up late. 他迟到了。I cant hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit? 收音机我听不太清楚,你把声音开大点行吗?take off起飞;脱下;动身;匆匆离开take on承担;呈现;同较量;开始雇用take over接受;接管;借用;接办take down记下;拆卸;记下来;取下take place发生;进行;举行;产生take apart拆卸;拆开;分辨;区分take sharp有显着发展;形成;初具规模;成形take notes记笔记;做笔记;记录;作笔记Tak
14、e position坐盘;抢占位置;抢位take a break休息一会儿take a chance on冒险take a hand in干预,参与,手;帮助take a hike走路;滚开;哪凉快那歇着去take a look看一下take a rain check改期take a walk散步take action采取行动;提出诉讼take away带走,拿走,取走take care of照顾;注意;抚养take charge掌管,负责;主持;不受控制take delight in乐于take photos照相,拍照;摄影take position坐盘;抢占位置;采取某种态度take po
15、ssession of占有;占领take things as they come 既来之则安之;安于现状,对一切事情处之泰然PS:take的短语还有很多,建议下一个有道词典看看就行句型take.to.带.去.look at v. 看;考虑;着眼于 look for 寻找 look forward 期待;盼望 take a look 看一下 have a look 看一下,看一眼;看一看 look into 观察;窥视;浏览 look up 仰望;查阅;尊敬;拜访 look after 照顾;关心;目送 look back 回顾;回头看 look in 看望;顺道访问 take a look a
16、t 口看一看;检查 look on 观看,旁观;看待 look around 游览;到处察看;到处寻找 have a look at 看一看,看一眼 look upon 看待;把看作 look out 注意;面朝;照料 look good 看起来很好看 look down 俯视;向下看;用目光慑服某人;股看跌 new look 新面目,新气象 look as 把看作 make a difference 有影响,有关系make a face 做鬼脸make a living 谋生make a noise 产生噪音make a promise 许诺make as if 假装make fill of
17、 取笑make notes 记笔记make out 书写 赞同make ones way前去;去 make for移向;走向 make of懂得;了解;解释make off匆匆逃走 make out勉强了解 ,开出,写(支票、账目等)make over更改;修改make up和解;和好 ,化妆;化装make up a bed 整理床铺make up for补偿make up to奉承;献媚 make it up to sb.报答;回报 (= make it up to sb. for sth.)make out of. 与 make of .的意思相同。makeout of 常用于口语They
18、 make bottles out of glass. 他们用玻璃做瓶The box is made out of cedar wood. 这盒子是用杉木做的。由制造(与 from 连用,from 后接的名词侧重指加工,(原样起化学变化)。These wines are made from grapes. 这几种酒都是葡萄酿造的。Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉加工而成的。把做成(与 into 搭配)They make glass into bottles. 他们把玻璃制成瓶。We made the material into a skirt. 我们把那块料子做
19、成一条短裙。hold back 1。有所保留2。阻碍进步。3。抑制自己。hold back valuable information; hold back my tears.hold on1。用力抓住;坚持。2。继续,坚持。3。等待 hold out1。到现在或可得到的东西。2。持续供应 Our food is holding out nicely.3。继续抵抗 The defending garrison held out for a month.4。拒绝达成或履行协议。hold up1。阻挠或延误。2。而持械抢劫,往往在枪口之下。3。举例 held the essay up as a mo
20、del for the students.4。应付 managed to hold up under the stress.hold in 1。制止,控制2。隐瞒或抑制(感情)hold off1。为了保持距离;抵制 如“ held the creditors off.远离债权人。2。为了阻止或拖延做一些事情:Lets hold off until we have more data.call in, 叫(某人)进来; 来访,找请来,用电话通知,计算机调入子程序 作名也可以指热线电话的电视节目作动词收入,招集之类的,反正方向是向内的call at v.拜访 后面接地名 eg. call at m
21、y homecall on v.请某人做某事 eg. call on the student to hand in his homework 另外也可以表示拜访 但后面接人名 eg. call on xiang wang拜访小王call for v.呼吁 提唱. eg. call for lady first 提畅女士优先call off v.取消(某种集体活动) eg. call off the meeting些外还有call up/upon 使某人想起 call by 顺便拜访 call out大声叫喊 等等set about 开始,着手处理,散步set back 往回拨。阻碍,受挫,使退
22、步set fire to 使燃烧set above 把什么置于上方,认为,高于。set a limit 加以限制set across 把,横在,上set against 靠着,在、的映衬下。set ahead 提前,拨快。set among 把,置于,中set apart 分开放。拨出,突出。区别set aside 把、置于一旁,set back 向后移动,推迟set before 把,置于,之前。提出,参考、set by 搁在一旁。抛开,set beside 挨着,靠近。set down as 把什么登记为。把什么。认为set off 出发。set on开始雇佣both of them与bo
23、th of whom 1.Both of them are teachers. 与2.He has two sons,both of whom are teachers. 请问第2句中的whom可以用them代替吗。为啥呢不可。如果改成them,那么both of them are teachers就是一句完整句子,一个逗号是不可连接两个句子的,如果改为He has two sons and both of them are teachers.就可以了。blank/vacant/hollow/bare的区别是?blank是指没有内容,多数不用来指“实物”。例如表格空白,头脑空白之类。vacan
24、t多用来指空间的。例如房屋空出来。hollow是空心的,指物体的里面没有“东西,实物”。bare多用来说地方贫瘠。apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, appliance, facilities辨析1.apparatus :既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械,又可指它们的总称。The astronauts have special breathing apparatus. (宇航员有特殊的呼吸装置。)2.instrument :通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器,尤指电工仪表
25、、测量装置,航海或航空用的控制装置。Thanks for the accurate instrument, which helps the sailors to avoid the submerged reef.(多亏了这个精密仪器才使得水手们避开了暗礁。)3.device :多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。A computer is a device for processing information. (电脑是用来处理信息的。)4.equipment :多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。We must fit the expedit
26、ion out with the best equipment. (我们必须向探险队提供最好的装备。)5. tool :一般指进行特种工作的手工工具,也可指人造使用动力的工具,还可作引申用。I have a complete set of carpenters tools. (我有全套的木工工具。)The king was just the tool of the military government. (国王只是军政府的一个傀儡。)(引申)6.implement :原指史前人类所用的工具,现在多指农用工具,也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。The best implement for
27、digging a garden is a spade.(在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。)7.appliance :侧重指家用机器或设备,尤指家用电器。Dish washer is one of the appliances. (洗碗机是家用电器的一种。)8.facilities :常用复数形式,指可供使用的设备或设施。Facilities to the humans needs and other delicate cares in the station reflect the thorough care from the Metro.(在车站的各种人性化设施和体贴入微的小细节,都反映出了
28、政府无微不至的关怀。)ssure,ensure,insure,reassure,guarantee这四个单词可谓是形近意似,但用法却不无区别。 一 assure assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生,既可以用来确证某事,也可以表示使某人确信(If you ASSURE a person of something,you promise them or tell them that)。assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词,所以不能直接搭用that clause。其常用结构为:assure sbofsthas-。 He assured us of his ability to solve t
29、he problem他向我们保证他有能力解决这个问题。 We booked early to assure ourselves of(getting)good seats我们及早订座以保证我们能得到好座位。 assure后还可跟抽象名词作宾语,此时与ensure同义,表示确保。 Weeks of practice assured ensured success in the match几个星期的训练确保了在比赛中获得成功。 Nothing can assure permanent peace没有什么能确保永久和平。 assure在英国英语中作为专业术语,可表示投人寿保险。 to insure
30、assure against death投保寿险(life assurance insurance人寿保险) 二 ensure ensure的意思是使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证,即确保某事发生(to make sure that sthhappens)。ensure后可以直接跟 that-clause,并可以用复合宾语。常用结构为:ensure sthensure that clause(从句) en-sure obj(i)obj(d) To ensure the childs quick recovery,the doctor gave him an antibiotic为使这个孩子尽快恢
31、复,医生给他打了一剂抗生素。 Registration ensures delivery of mail挂号寄邮件保证会送到。 ensure也可以表示确保安全,免遭伤害。 To ensure freedom against tyranny反对暴政,维护自由 在美语中ensure常拼写为insure。三 insure 意思是为防不测向保险公司付钱投保(to pay money to an insurance company against future disaster)。 My house is insured against fire我的房子保了火险。 Are you insured for
32、 all risks?你是不是给自己保了综合险? 四 reassure 表示安慰忧虑不安的人,使其安心,放心,恢复信心(to comfort someone who is anxious and make him her free from fear or wor- ry;to bring back confidence to)。常用结构为: reassure sb(about sth)reassure sb that-clause I was worried that my work wasnt good enough,but the teacher reassured me(about i
33、t)我担心我的作业不够好,可是老师却让我放心。 The captain reassured the passengers about the strength of the ship那位船长向乘客保证船很坚固,要他们安心。 guaranteen.1. (对某件事、物在一定时间内的质量、利益等的)保证;保单,保证书;商品使用保证2. (替他人偿还债务或履行义务的)担保,正式保证3. 担保品,抵押品4. 担保人,保证人5. 具有保证作用的事物6. 接受保证的人vt.1. 为他人作保,担保:例句: to guarantee a mans debt担保某人的债务2. 包,确保:例句: He will
34、guarantee us possession of the house by May.他保证我们在五月可搬入这间房子。3. 保证免受损失(或伤害);保证保护(或赔偿);保障(常与 against, from 连用):例句: The policy guarantees us against all loss.这项政策保证了我们免受全部损失。4. 保证(做某事);保用(商品):例句: The radio is guaranteed for twelve months.收音机保修12个月。5. 使变得确定,(某事物)使(另一事物)必定发生:例句: Simply making steel stron
35、ger does not necessarily guarantee freedom from laminar tearing.仅仅增加钢强度并不能保证不发生片状撕裂1 remain vi. 继续存在, 保持,仍是,剩下,(人)留下, 留待,尚待+to-v, 属于,归属(+with)(后面大多跟形容词)2 maintain vt. 维持,保持,维修;坚持,主张, 断言+(that),供养,抚养;负担,支持, 保卫,坚守 3 retain vt. 保留,留住,拦住, 记住, 聘,雇4 reserve vt. 储备,保留(+for),预约,推迟作出,暂时不作n. 储备(物);储备金;保留(物);储
36、藏量 (+of), 保留地;保护区;禁猎区C,候补C,克制;沉默寡言;含蓄;冷淡U, 预备军,后备队;预备役军人5 preserve vt. 保藏,保存;防腐(+from),维护,维持,禁猎, 腌(肉等);把.做成蜜饯(等食品) (+in)(注重保护,不让其灭绝或遭到破坏)n. 蜜饯;果酱 U, (动植物)保护区;禁猎区C,包揽的事物C,防护用品;护目镜6 sustain vt.支撑, 撑住,供养, 维持(生命等); 继续加强, 进行下去,蒙受, 遭受,忍受, 经受住,证实, 证明,确认, 认可, 准许,恰当地扮演,抵挡7 conserve vt. 保存,保护,节省;用糖保存,将.做成蜜饯;【
37、物】使守恒 n. 糖渍食品,蜜饯;果酱C首先maintain ,retain和sustain 有各自不同的意思,但其中都有“保持、维持”的意思。这三个词的区别要从各个词的原始(original)意思上去体会细微的意思差别。maintain -keep sth. in existence at the same level, standard. 维持(已有的水平、标准)如:I hope you will maintain your recent improvement.我希望你能保持最近取得的进步。Lets maintain peace in the world.让我们来维持世界和平。maint
38、ain law and order维持治安maintain prices保持价格稳定retain-keep sth. in ones possession or use.保留 如:This village still retains its old world character.这个村庄仍然保持着古色古乡特色。We retained the original fireplace when we decorated the room.我们装修那个房间时, 原来的壁炉保留不动。This cloth retains its color.这布不褪色He is 90 but still retains
39、 (the use of)all his faculties.他年已九旬,但各种官能仍未衰退。sustain -keep sb./sth.alive or in existence(支持、维持生命), to keep up the strength, spirits or determination of (维持体力/精神/决心)如:The supplies of food were scarcely enough to sustain life.食品的供应仅够勉强维持生命。A light meal wont sustain us through the day.一顿小食维持不了我们一天的精力
40、。Hopes alone sustained him in his misery.他在痛苦之中只有希望鼓励着他。现代英语中也有互用的情况。 如:我们也看到“enough food to maintain ones stength”这样的句子。这时maintain =sustain .symbolize, represent, stand for,indicate, emblem, symbolsymbolize的意思是作为某物的符号,象征。因为symbol是标志、符号的意思,所以symbolize尤其只某种符号和标志象征某物的意思。所以认为你下面第一句话:白头鹰是美国的象征,就应该用symbo
41、lize.因为白头鹰作为美国国鸟,已经成为一种符号性的标志了。represent的词义比较多,他也有象征的意思,但是不如symbolize的意义强烈,这个词的主要意思有:1文章、图画等表现.如:The picture represents a hunting scene.2作为某人的代理人或代表(尤用于被动语态),所以,你下面的第二句话就应该用represent, 意思是销售员代表赞助商。stand for 用法上与其他词最大的不同时,他不用于被动语态。他的意思比较具体化:1 特别只应为某个字母,缩写代表什么,比如: What does NATO stand for? 2表示对某事物的支持、赞
42、成,其实就是说站在某一方支持的意思。如:I will not stand for your idea.indicate 最基本的意思是指示、标示。他表示象征意思的时候是暗示的意思,也就是说不是明显地象征,比如:A red sky at night indicates fine weather. The minister has indicated that he may resign next year. 都是暗示的意思,不是明示。emblem词性是名词,象征;标志;标记的意思,如:dove is an emblem of peace.symbol的词性也是名词,他意为象征,标志的时候和emb
43、lem没区别,只是symbol还有符号的意思,数学中的符号、标点符号、乐谱上的符号,这些只能用symble,就不能用emblem了despite意为“不管”“任凭”,相当于in spite of,后接名词、代词或动词,但语气比后者轻,不如后者常用。如: He went out despite bad weather. 他不管天气恶劣出发了。 Despite the fogs we went out for a walk. 尽管有雾,我们还是外出散步。 【注】despite后可接what引导的从句如: Despite what she says, Ill go.不管她怎么说,我也要去。 I wo
44、uld support him despite what he did. 不管他做什么,我都支持他。 despite = in spite of,故不能再与of连用; in spite of / despite + 名词 = although + 从句in spite of= despite; regardless of = without considering or taking notice of regardless of 不管;不顾;不理会.后常接名词或者接从句 in spite of与regardless of区别前者:一般是主观上故意去忽视,有时往往是好的条件,因素,或他人的建议
45、,很可能导致不好的结果 后者:一般用于客观上无法避免的事实,往往是不利的条件,因素,需要主语去正确面对和处理,并不是避而远之adapt vt. 使适应;使适合(to)adjustvt. 调整;调节;使适应adjust my watch 校准我的表adopt vt. 收养;采取;采用gear vt. 使适合(to)fit vt. 多指“大小适合”、引申为“吻合”suit vt. 合适,相配,适宜于,多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况”,No dish suits all tastes. 众口难调。regulate vt. 管制,控制,调节,校准 regulate temperature 调节温度新
46、东方考研英语词汇辨析:link, join, unite, combine, connect, relate和associatejoin着重于加入combine着重于结合unite联合connect联接link链接请注意,是链接,不是连接.attach着重与附属与associate着重于交往ralate着重于关联link n. 链接,连接,联合 v. 联合解析:【同】join, unite, combine, connect, relate, associate【辨析】join暗指使本无关联的事物有接触或联系;【例句】 Will you come andjoinus for dinner on sunday? 星期天来和我们共进晚餐晚饭好吗?combine指联合之后使得个体被忽略,强调整体性;【例句】 What can be done tocombinethese two together? 能否将二者有机的结合?