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1、八年级下册 Units 5、61. organize(v. ) _(n. ) 组织者组织者 _(n. )组织组织2. against (prep. ) _ (反义词反义词) 赞成赞成3. chance(n. ) _(同义词同义词)机会；机遇机会；机遇4. injure (v. ) _ (adj. )受伤的受伤的organizerorganizationforopportunityinjured5. fat(adj. ) _(同义词同义词)肥胖的肥胖的 _(反义词反义词)瘦的瘦的6. collect(v. ) _(n. )收藏收藏 _(n. )收藏者收藏者7. skate(v. )_ (n. )
2、溜冰者溜冰者 _(n. )溜冰溜冰8. write(v. ) _(n. )作家；作者作家；作者9. Europe (n. ) _(adj. &n. ) 欧洲的；欧洲人的；欧欧洲的；欧洲人的；欧洲人洲人10. foreign(adj. ) _(n. )外国人外国人heavythincollectioncollectorskaterskatingwriterEuropeanforeigner【品词自测【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空Mark will help me _(organize) the class party. Two people were k
3、illed and seven got _ (injure) in that car accident. Ma Weidu is a very famous _ (collect). He collects many old things. Many young people are _ (interest) in collecting stamps. 答案：答案：organize injured collector interested1. 玩得愉快玩得愉快_ a great time2. 允许某人进入允许某人进入let sb. _3. 拿走拿走take _4. 上大学上大学go to _5
4、. 谋生谋生make a _6. 为为筹钱筹钱_ money for7. 用完用完run _haveinawaycollegelivingraiseout of8. 对对感兴趣感兴趣be _ in9. travel around the world_10. all the time_11. by the way_12. far away_interested环游世界各地环游世界各地一直一直顺便一提；附带说说顺便一提；附带说说在远处在远处1. 如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心。如果你去参加聚会，你会玩得很开心。_ you _ to the party, _ have a great time.
5、2. 如果明天他们举办宴会将会怎么样？如果明天他们举办宴会将会怎么样？_ _ _ _ they have the party tomorrow? 3. 如果你变成一名职业运动员如果你变成一名职业运动员,你将能够做你喜欢做的事来谋生。你将能够做你喜欢做的事来谋生。If you become a professional athlete, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ something you love. IfgoyoullWhat will happen ifyoull be able to makea living doing4. 你溜冰多长时间了？你溜冰多长时间了？我溜冰五个小时了。我溜冰五
6、个小时了。_ _ have you been skating? I have been skating _ _ _. 5. 对于像我这样的一个外国人，了解中国历史越多，就越喜欢对于像我这样的一个外国人，了解中国历史越多，就越喜欢居住在中国。居住在中国。For a foreigner like me, _ _ I learn about Chinese history,_ _ I enjoy living in China. How longfor five hoursthe morethe more1. 条件状语从句条件状语从句【见【见P168】2. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时【见【见P15
7、8】1. since prep. &conj. 自从；自自从；自以来以来Ive been skating since nine oclock. 我从九点钟开始我从九点钟开始(一直在一直在)滑冰。滑冰。 Mr. Teeny has been here _ only one year, but his parents have worked here _ ten years ago. A. since; for B. for; sinceC. since; since D. for; forShe has been living in Hainan since two years ago. (改为
8、同义改为同义句句)She has been living in Hainan _ _ _. Several years _ _(pass) since the earthquake and the tsunami(海啸海啸) _ (happen) in Japan. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】since和和for的用法辨析的用法辨析_+时间点时间点作介词，意为作介词，意为“自自以来以来”，后接表，后接表示时间点的词或词组示时间点的词或词组作连词，引导时间状语从句；通常情况作连词，引导时间状语从句；通常情况下，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完下，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时成时或
9、现在完成进行时_+一段时间一段时间for后接时间段后接时间段, 表示时间的持续，句中的表示时间的持续，句中的谓语动词要用延续性动词谓语动词要用延续性动词since和和for都引导表示一段时间的短语或从句时可以互都引导表示一段时间的短语或从句时可以互换；对其提问都用换；对其提问都用_sinceforhow long【判断抢答【判断抢答】判断下面句子翻译正误。判断下面句子翻译正误。你学习英语多久了？你学习英语多久了？我学习英语我学习英语6年了。年了。How long have you been studying English? Ive been studying English since si
10、x years. ( )How long have you been studying English? Ive been studying English for six years. ( )答案：答案：B for two years have passed; happened2. have a great time玩得愉快玩得愉快If you go to the party, youll have a great time! 如果你去如果你去(参加参加)聚会，你会玩得很开心的！聚会，你会玩得很开心的！The children are having a great time on the p
11、layground. (改改为同义句为同义句)The children are _ _ on the playground. The children are _ _ on the playground. Did you have a great time _(play) games on the computer？【自主归纳【自主归纳】have a great time的用法：的用法：(1)have a great/good time =have fun= enjoy oneself玩得开心，玩得开心，后接动词后接动词-ing形式；形式；(2)have a good/ great time
12、_(do/doing)sth. 做某事很愉快做某事很愉快(3)“Have a good / great time. ”通常用来表示祝愿，回答时，可通常用来表示祝愿，回答时，可以用以用 “Thank you. ”答案：答案：having fun; enjoying themselves playing doing3. run out of用完；用尽用完；用尽Weve run out of room to store them. 我们已经没有地方存放它们了。我们已经没有地方存放它们了。 The boy used up all his energy to run to the finish line
13、. (改为改为同义句同义句) The boy _ _ _ all his energy to run to the finish line. The water will run _ if we dont protect the earth. A. out of B. into C. out D. up昨天晚上，一只猴子从动物园里跑出来了。昨天晚上，一只猴子从动物园里跑出来了。A monkey _ _ _ the zoo last night. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】run out of的用法：的用法：(1)run out of =use up用完；用尽；主语一般是人；用完；用尽；主语一般是人
14、；(2)run out用完；用尽；主语通常为时间用完；用尽；主语通常为时间/金钱金钱/食物等名词；食物等名词；(3)run out of+地点，从地点，从跑出来。跑出来。答案：答案：ran out of C ran out of【一言巧辨异【一言巧辨异】Youve run out of time for the test. 你们的测试时间已到。你们的测试时间已到。Why did the time run out so fast? 为什么时间用为什么时间用(完完)得这么快？得这么快？4. If you go to the party, youll have a great time！如果你去！如
15、果你去(参参加加)聚会，聚会， 你会玩得很开心！你会玩得很开心！(条件状语从句条件状语从句) If he _(have) enough time tomorrow, he _ (meet) you in his office. Are there any new cars in your school? My friend wants to know. (合并句子合并句子)My friend wants to know _ there _ any new cars in your school. 如果我是你，我就不会酒后驾车的。如果我是你，我就不会酒后驾车的。If I _ you, I wou
16、ldnt drive a car after drinking too much alcohol. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】if的用法：的用法：(1)if引导的条件状语从句，当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含引导的条件状语从句，当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子时，从句要用有情态动词的句子时，从句要用_；(2) if引导宾语从句时，意为引导宾语从句时，意为“是否是否”，与，与whether同义，可互同义，可互换，其时态通常取决于主句的时态。注意：下列几种情况只能换，其时态通常取决于主句的时态。注意：下列几种情况只能用用whether不用不用if： 句中有句中有or not 后接不定式后接
17、不定式 介词之后介词之后一般现在时一般现在时(3)if还可以表示不可实现的条件或根本不存在的条件，即一种还可以表示不可实现的条件或根本不存在的条件，即一种虚拟或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时；虚拟或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时；(4)what if +一般现在时，意为一般现在时，意为“要是要是怎么办？怎么办？”相当于相当于What shall I/we do if. . . 。答案：答案：has； will meet if; are were 5. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in
18、 China. 我对中国历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢居住在中国。我对中国历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢居住在中国。_ we plant, _ our city will be. A. The more trees; the more beautifulB. The less trees; the beautifulC. The more trees; the beautifulD. The less trees, the more beautifulShanghai is the largest city in China. (改为同义句改为同义句)Shanghai is _ than _ _ _
19、in China. 【自主归纳【自主归纳】常用比较级的用法归纳：常用比较级的用法归纳：(1)The + 比较级；比较级；the + 比较级表示比较级表示“越越，就越，就越”，固定，固定句式；句式；(2)“比较级比较级+ 比较级比较级”，表示，表示“越来越越来越”例如：越来越冷例如：越来越冷_；越来越美丽；越来越美丽_ beautiful；即；即“more and more+原级原级”用于多音节形容词、副词的比较级用于多音节形容词、副词的比较级colder and coldermore and more(3)比较级表达最高级：比较级表达最高级：“比较级比较级+ than +any other +
20、 单数名词单数名词”意为意为“比其他任何一个比其他任何一个更更”。(4)“the + 比较级比较级+ of the two”表示表示 “两者中比较两者中比较的一个的一个”。答案：答案：A larger; any other city. 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词根据句意及汉语提示完成单词1. (2012滨州中考滨州中考)Can you tell me the _(首都首都)of Canada? 2. (2012盐城中考盐城中考)We need your help to _(筹集筹集)money for those homeless children. 3. (2011兰州中考兰州中考)They
21、 have planted about five _(千千) trees in and around the town in the past few years. 答案：答案：1. capital 2. raise 3. thousand4. (2011湖州中考湖州中考)Id like to collect _ (邮票邮票) because they are interesting. 5. (2011铜仁中考铜仁中考)More and more _(外国人外国人)come to visit China. 答案：答案：4. stamps 5. foreigners. 单项选择单项选择1. (2
22、012无锡中考无锡中考)If the robot _ wrong, you can get a new one for free or get all your money back. A. went B. goes C. would go D. will go【解析【解析】选选B。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。般将来时。2. (2012宁波中考宁波中考)Oh, dear! There isnt enough _ for us in the lift. No hurry. Lets wait for the next. A. fl
23、oor B. seat C. room D. ground【解析【解析】选选C。room作作“空间空间”讲，是不可数名词。句意：讲，是不可数名词。句意：天哪！电梯里没有我们的空了。天哪！电梯里没有我们的空了。不急，等下一次吧。不急，等下一次吧。3. (2012临沂中考临沂中考)_ have you lived with your grandparents? About three years. A. How long B. How manyC. How much D. How often【解析【解析】选选A。how long对段时间提问；对段时间提问；how many对可数名词对可数名词的多少
24、提问；的多少提问；how much对不可数名词的多少提问；对不可数名词的多少提问；how often对频率提问。由答语对频率提问。由答语“大约三年大约三年”可知是询问多长时间，故选可知是询问多长时间，故选A项。项。4. (2012无锡中考无锡中考)Have you seen Dr. Adams recently? No. He _ Hong Kong for an international meeting. Hell come back tomorrow. A. has gone in B. has been inC. has gone to D. has been to【解析【解析】选选C
25、。have been to曾经去过某地曾经去过某地, 已经回来了；已经回来了； have gone to已经去了某地已经去了某地, 还没回来还没回来, have been in 曾经待在某地。曾经待在某地。5. (2011黔西南州中考黔西南州中考)All the children had a good time at Marks birthday party. A. help each other B. enjoy themselves C. had a wonderful time D. have a big dinner【解析【解析】选选C。have a good time相当于相当于ha
26、ve a wonderful time玩得愉快。玩得愉快。6. (2011遂宁中考遂宁中考)He likes to play basketball very much. He wants to make _ by _ basketball in the future. A. living; playing B. a living; playingC. a living; play【解析【解析】选选B。make a living by doing sth. 通过通过来谋生。来谋生。7. (2011青岛中考青岛中考)I suggest buying a Teddy Bear for her bir
27、thday. _ someone else brings the same present? A. If B. ElseC. What if D. How about【解析【解析】选选C。what if如果如果将会怎样，句中的谓语动词用将会怎样，句中的谓语动词用一般现在时；一般现在时；how about你认为你认为怎样，后跟名词或动名词。怎样，后跟名词或动名词。句意：句意：我建议买一个泰迪熊给她作生日礼物。我建议买一个泰迪熊给她作生日礼物。其他人其他人带了同样的礼物怎么办？带了同样的礼物怎么办？8. (2011广元中考广元中考)For a foreigner like me, the more
28、 I learn about Chinese history, _ I enjoy living in China. A. the better B. the moreC. the best【解析【解析】选选B。句意：对于像我这样的外国人来说，我对中国。句意：对于像我这样的外国人来说，我对中国历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。由句意可知，这是历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。由句意可知，这是“the +比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级”结构。结构。. 完成句子完成句子1. (2012福州中考福州中考)Many teachers go on working _ _(即使即使)they a
29、re sick. 2. (2011陕西中考陕西中考)日本地震后，世界各地的人们给予了很大的日本地震后，世界各地的人们给予了很大的帮助。帮助。When the big earthquake hit Japan, people _ _ _ _ helped a lot. 答案：答案：1. even though 2. all over the world 3. (2011滨州中考滨州中考)泰勒对科学很感兴趣，他想成为一名科学家。泰勒对科学很感兴趣，他想成为一名科学家。Taylor _ _ _ science and he wants to be a scientist. 4. (2011荆州中考荆
30、州中考)This dress is so beautiful. Why dont you buy it? I _ _ _ _ (已用完已用完)my money. 答案：答案：3. is interested in 4. have run out of 介绍自己或他人的爱好是历年许多地市中考的常考话题之一，介绍自己或他人的爱好是历年许多地市中考的常考话题之一，其中介绍自己、同学及家人的爱好最为常见。在写此类话题作文其中介绍自己、同学及家人的爱好最为常见。在写此类话题作文过程中要特别注意：过程中要特别注意：1. 明确自己或他人的兴趣爱好；明确自己或他人的兴趣爱好；2. 对此感兴对此感兴趣的原因及这
31、种爱好所带来的影响；趣的原因及这种爱好所带来的影响；3. 正确运用现在完成进行时。正确运用现在完成进行时。【典题示例【典题示例】 不同的人有不同的爱好。有的人爱好集邮；有的人爱好养不同的人有不同的爱好。有的人爱好集邮；有的人爱好养宠物；有的人爱好运动；有的人爱好听音乐；有的人爱好看电宠物；有的人爱好运动；有的人爱好听音乐；有的人爱好看电影。请根据下面的表格提示，以影。请根据下面的表格提示，以“Different people, different hobbies”为题写一篇短文。词数为题写一篇短文。词数80左右。左右。NameHobbyHow longMore informationJoesw
32、imming7 yearsstrong and healthyDennis collecting stampssince he was eightover 500 stampsJuliawatching English movies4 yearsa good way to learn English_【审题谋篇【审题谋篇】 1. 本篇谈论爱好，首先根据表格内容阐述不同学生的爱好，本篇谈论爱好，首先根据表格内容阐述不同学生的爱好，然后说出有此爱好的原因及此爱好带来的影响。然后说出有此爱好的原因及此爱好带来的影响。 2. 人称：第三人称。人称：第三人称。 3. 主要时态：现在完成进行时。主要时态：
33、现在完成进行时。 4. 高分模板：高分模板：【佳作诵读【佳作诵读】Different people, different hobbies Different people have different hobbies. I have three friends. They are Joe, Dennis and Julia. Joe likes swimming. He has been swimming for seven years. He thinks it makes him strong and healthy. Dennis enjoys collecting stamps. He
34、 has been collecting stamps since he was eight years old, and now he has over 500 stamps from different countries. Julia is interested in watching English movies. She has been watching English movies for four years. She said watching English movies helps her learn English well. She thinks it is a good way to learn English. 【名师点睛【名师点睛】 (1)点明了主题点明了主题, 写出了三个人不同的爱好，开门见山、条写出了三个人不同的爱好，开门见山、条理清楚、语言通顺。理清楚、语言通顺。 (2)在说明爱好的过程中运用了现在完成进行时和宾语从句在说明爱好的过程中运用了现在完成进行时和宾语从句等不同句式，使得文章更具层次性；等不同句式，使得文章更具层次性； (3)be interested in短语运用恰当；短语运用恰当； (4)主题突出，符合题目要求，并在提示词的基础上有所发主题突出，符合题目要求，并在提示词的基础上有所发挥。挥。