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1、时间状语从句时间状语从句常用的连词when, whenever, will, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly when, no sooner than, the moment, immediately, directly, instantlyAs he walked along the lake, he sang happily After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. It was raining hard whe
2、n I got to school yesterday. 比较while, when, as 1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 3）从句表示 随时间推移 连词能用 as，不用 when 或 while。As the day went on, the we
3、ather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏4） When: 表示时间点，还可以表原因，译作“ 既然 ” 。还可以翻译成突然 5）While: 表示时间段，还可以用来表示对比翻译成 “ 而” 。While 放在句首要翻译成“ 尽管 ” 引导让步状语从句。时间状语从句：the moment 有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句the minute, the moment, every time, the first time The moment he reached the country, he started his search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的
4、探寻工作。Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before. 每当我看到那顶草帽，它就使我想起几年前的那次旅游I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她就觉得她诚实而友善。时间状语从句：directly等。有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet. 校长一进来，大家就安静下来。The young lady
5、rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise. 那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。until 和not until的区别Until 要与延续性动词连用；not until 要与非延续性动词连用1. Until 句子翻译成动作直到 时候才结束。2.Not until句子要翻译成动作直到时候才开始。I slept until 12 o clock. 我睡觉睡到12 点。We didn t get down to working until Ms Zhang came in. 我们直到张老师进来才开始认真的工作。表示一就的结构hardly/
6、scarcelywhen/before, no sooner than 和 as soon as 例： I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.As soon as I got home, it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
7、No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 地点状语地点状语从句常常由where 来引导。Go where you like. Where there is a will, there is a way. Make a mark where you have a question. 原因状语从句原因状语从句连接词because, since, as , now that （既然），for He is disappointed because he didnt get the position. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - -
8、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - As it is raining, I will not go out. Now that you mention it, I do remember. 比较：because, since, as和for 1） because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since. I didnt go, because I was afraid.Since /As
9、the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2）由 because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today. 3) because和 so不能同用在一个句子里。条件状语从句连词 If, unless, once, as long as, on condition that If he is
10、 not in the office, he must be out for lunch. You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean. So far as I know （据我所知） , he will be away for three months. You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you dont go too far away from the river bank. If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could
11、have seen her. 目的状语从句连接词 so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）for fear that Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons. He left early in case he should miss the train. 结果状语从句连接词 so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so tha
12、t, such that She was ill, so that she didn t attend the meeting.He was so excited that he could not say a word. She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her. 比较：so和such其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little 连用，形成固定搭配。so foolishsuch
13、a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flower so many / few flowerssuch nice flowersso much / little money. such rapid progressso many peoplesuch a lot of people（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于many，但a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such 搭配。 ）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第
14、2 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 比较状语从句比较状语从句连接词：than, so (as) as, the more the more I have made a lot more mistakes than you have. He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. The busier he is, the happier he feels. 方式状语从句方式状语从句连接词as, as if (though), the way, rather than You must do the exercise
15、 as I show you. He acted as if nothing had happened. He decided to quit rather than accept the new rules. 让步状语从句连接词 although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whetheror, no matter who (when, what, ) Though he is a child, he knows a lot=Child as he is, he knows a lot. Whatever ( = No
16、matter what ) you say, I ll never change my mind.让步状语从句(1)though, although注意：当有 though, although 时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though 和 yet, still nevertheless（仍然，不过）可连用Although its raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。让步状语从句(2)as
17、, though 引导的倒装句as / though引 导 的 让 步 从 句 必 须 表 语 或 状 语 提 前 （ 形 容 词 、 副 词 、 分 词 、 实 义 动 词 提 前 ） 。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try
18、hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。让步状语从句(3) 3)ever if, even though.即使Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 4) whether,or-不管 , 都Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 让步状语从句(4) 5)no matter + 疑问词
19、 或疑问词 +后缀 ever No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替换：no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however6) 注意： no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。状语从句的省略1.当状语从句的主语和
20、主句的主语一致时，可省略状语从句的主语和be 动词。e.g.As a young man, Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postmaster. 2. 当从句的主语是it, 谓语动词是be 动词时，可以把 it 和 be 一起省略。此时构成“连词（if ，unless，when，whenever） +形容词”的结构。Though cold ，he still wore a shirt. 3. If =so/not 省略句式中，用so/not 代替上文的内容。Get up early tomorrow. If not(=If you dont get up ea
21、rly), you will miss the first note. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 状语从句练习【练习一】1 ( ) 1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not;
22、until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until ( ) 3 I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; to C. doesnt go; before; with D. didnt go
23、; until; to ( ) 5 He _ back until the work _ done. A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is ( ) 6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives i
24、n D. get to ( ) 2 Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought
25、 B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train _. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left ( ) 3 The boy told his father what he _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see ( ) 4 We _ TV when the telephone _. A. wa
26、tched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang ( ) 5 By the end of last term, I_ ten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read 4 ( ) 1 I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _? A. didnt see; did; go B. didnt see; have; g
27、one C. havent seen; have; been D. havent seen; have; gone ( ) 2 Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at ( ) 3 I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. didnt lose 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - -
28、- - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - ( ) 4 -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but he _ for a month. A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away ( ) 5 I _ him since I began to live in the city. A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know ( ) 6 Zhao Lan _ already
29、 _ in this school for two years. A. was; studying B. will; study C. has; studied D. are; studying 5 ( ) 1 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until D. if ( ) 2 May I sit nearer_I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so ( ) 3 _ you work hard
30、, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because D. For ( ) 4 _ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English. A. While B. When C. Since D. After ( ) 5 Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold. A. for B. unless C. if D. whether 6 ( ) 1 There
31、are _ many league members in class 2 _ in Class 4. A. both; and B. so; that C. either; or D. as; as ( ) 2 -Do you have a big library? -No, we dont. At least, not_yours. A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as ( ) 3 Suzhou is not _ beautiful _ Hangzhou. A. as; than B. so; as C. eve
32、n; than D. /; than ( ) 4 Iron is more useful _ any other metal. A. as B. than C. then D. so 7 ( ) 1 I want to know _ she is going to see a film. A. if B. that C. what D. which ( ) 2 You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. thoughC. that D. since ( ) 3 Ill go to see the film with you_
33、I have time this evening. A. whether B. so C. if D. when ( ) 4 _ you study harder, youll never pass the final exam. A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except 8( ) 1 Although it was raining, -still worked in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. and yet they ( ) 2 _ there were only five soldiers le
34、ft at the front, _ they went on fighting. A. Because; so B. If; and C. Though; but D. Though; / ( ) 3 _ she is very old, _ she can still work eight hours a day. A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet 9( ) 1 Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear.
35、名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - A. so, that B. or C. in order that D. and ( ) 2 Lift it up_I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as D. than ( ) 3 I hurried_I wouldnt be late for class. A. so B. so that C. if D. unless ( ) 4
36、 We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. A. as soon as B. where C. in order that D. as 10 ( ) 1 The dictionary is so expensive _ I cant buy it. A. because B. when C. that D. if ( ) 2 I got there _ late _ I didnt see him. A. too; to B. such; that C. so; that D. so; as ( ) 3 It is _ hot in the
37、 room _ we have to go out for a walk. A. such; that B. so; that C. as; as D. such; as ( ) 4 He has_ an interesting book that we want to read it. A. so B. such C. the same D. as 参考答案：1. 1-6 B D B A D A 2. 1-3 C D B 3. 1-5 D B C B A 4. 1-6 C B B D B C 5. 1-5 A B B C C 6. 1-4 D A B B 7. 1-4 A A C C 8.
38、1-3 C D D 9. 1-4 C B B C 10. 1-4 C C B B【练习二】1. 时间状语从句2. 条件状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 结果状语从句5. 比较状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 地点状语从句【名师点睛】 ：用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句(1) 时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon
39、as等连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6
40、页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2) 在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes.(3) 在带有 till或 until引
41、导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“ 一直到 时” ，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“ 直到 才” , “ 在以前不 ” , 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out. Let s wait until the rain stops.We won t start until Bob comes.Don t get off until the bus stops.2. 条件状语从句(1) 条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if i
42、t snows tomorrow? Don t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2) 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow.He won t be late unless he is ill.(3) “ 祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句 ” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or you ll be late.=If you don t hurry up, you ll
43、be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句(1) 原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如：He didn t come to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can t answer the question, I ll ask someone else.(2)because表示直接原因
44、，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As 和 since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as 和 since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：-Why aren t going there?-Because I don t want to.As he has no car, he can t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can t buy it.(3)because和 so 不能同用在一个句子里。实例解析】1. (2004年北京市海淀区中考试题) You wi
45、ll stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before D. where 答案： A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if 能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 15 页 - - - - - - - - - 2. (2004年江西省中考试题)
46、 -Shall we go on working? -Yes, _ I prefer to have a rest. A. when B. if C. because D. though 答案： D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。3. (2004年徐州市中考试题) None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though 答案： B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“ 在以前我们没人知道这件
47、事。”要表达着一意思应用“notuntil” 这一句型。4. (2004年泉州市中考试题) - I hope you ll enjoy your trip, dear!- Thank you, mum. I ll give you a call _ I get there. A. until B. as soon as C. since D. till 答案： B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“ 一到那里，我就给你打电话。” 要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。【中考演练】一. 单项填空1. _ he s old, he can still carry this
48、 heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and can t swim, the dolphins may come up _ him.
49、 A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I don t remember _ he worked in that city when he was young.A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the
50、children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don t; whenC. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. I ll go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be B. s